- Dedication
- A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
- Foreword
- Preface
- I. Method
- 1. A Better Way to Optimize
- 2. Targeting the Right User Actions
- 3. Targeting the Right Diagnostic Data
- 4. Targeting the Right Improvement Activity
- II. Reference
- 5. Interpreting Extended SQL Trace Data
- 5.1. Trace File Walk-Through
- 5.2. Extended SQL Trace Data Reference
- 5.3. Response Time Accounting
- 5.4. Evolution of the Response Time Model
- 5.5. Walking the Clock
- 5.6. Forward Attribution
- 5.7. Detailed Trace File Walk-Through
- 5.8. Exercises
- 6. Collecting Extended SQL Trace Data
- 7. Oracle Kernel Timings
- 7.1. Operating System Process Management
- 7.2. Oracle Kernel Timings
- 7.3. How Software Measures Itself
- 7.4. Unaccounted-for Time
- 7.5. Measurement Intrusion Effect
- 7.6. CPU Consumption Double-Counting
- 7.7. Quantization Error
- 7.8. Time Spent Not Executing
- 7.9. Un-Instrumented Oracle Kernel Code
- 7.10. Exercises
- 8. Oracle Fixed View Data
- 8.1. Deficiencies of Fixed View Data
- 8.1.1. Too Many Data Sources
- 8.1.2. Lack of Detail
- 8.1.3. Measurement Intrusion Effect of Polling
- 8.1.4. Difficulty of Proper Action-Scoping
- 8.1.5. Difficulty of Proper Time-Scoping
- 8.1.6. Susceptibility to Overflow and Other Errors
- 8.1.7. Lack of Database Call Duration Data
- 8.1.8. Lack of Read Consistency
- 8.2. Fixed View Reference
- 8.3. Useful Fixed View Queries
- 8.4. The Oracle “Wait Interface”
- 8.5. Exercises
- 8.1. Deficiencies of Fixed View Data
- 9. Queueing Theory for the Oracle Practitioner
- 9.1. Performance Models
- 9.2. Queueing
- 9.3. Queueing Theory
- 9.4. The M/M/m Queueing Model
- 9.5. Perspective
- 9.6. Exercises
- 5. Interpreting Extended SQL Trace Data
- III. Deployment
- 10. Working the Resource Profile
- 11. Responding to the Diagnosis
- 12. Case Studies
- IV. Appendixes
- Index
- About the Authors
- Colophon
- Copyright
Appendix C. M/M/m Queueing Theory Formulas
Table D-1 provides a convenient summary of the M/M/m queueing theory formulas described in Chapter 9.
Table C-1. M/M/m queueing theory formulas
Definition | Formula |
Average number of arrivals | A |
Average number of completed requests | C |
Measurement period | T |
Average busy time | B |
Number of parallel service channels | m |
Average arrival rate | |
Average interarrival rate | |
Average system throughput | |
Average service time | |
Average service rate | |
Average total utilization | |
Average server utilization or load (m servers) | |
Probability that arriving request will be enqueued (ErlangC) |
|
Average queueing delay | |
Average response time | |
Cumulative distribution function of response time |
|
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