Glossary

Speech Signal Processing

1-D

One-Dimensional

2-D

Two-Dimensional

3-D

Three-Dimensional

A/D

Analog-to-Digital

ADPCM

Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation

AFR

Average Firing Rate

AM

Amplitude Modulation

ANF

Auditory Nerve Fiber

AR

AutoRegressive

AWT

Auditory Wavelet Transform

BW

BandWidth

C/D

Continuous-to-Discrete

CELP

Code Excited Linear Prediction

CF

Characteristic Frequency

CMS

Cepstral Mean Subtraction

CWT

Continuous Wavelet Transform

D/A

Digital-to-Analog

DAM

Diagnostic Acceptability Measure

D/C

Discrete-to-Continuous

DCC

Delta Cepstral Coefficients

DET

Detection Error Tradeoff

DFT

Discrete Fourier Transform

DMM

Dynamical Mechanical Model

DPCM

Differential Pulse Code Modulation

DRT

Diagnostic Rhyme Test

EER

Equal Error Rate

EM

Expectation-Maximization

FBS

Filter Bank Summation

FFT

Fast Fourier Transform

FIR

Finite Impulse Response

FM

Frequency Modulation

GFD

Glottal Flow Derivative

GMM

Gaussian Mixture Model

GMM-UBM

Gaussian Mixture Model-Universal Background Model

HMM

Hidden Markov Model

hnorm

handset normalization

ICWT

Inverse Continuous Wavelet Transform

IDFT

Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform

IHC

Inner Hair Cell

IIR

Infinite Impulse Response

KFH

Key, Fowle, and Haggarty (phase function)

LF

Liljencrants-Fant (glottal flow model)

LMAP

Linearized Maximum A Posteriori

LPC

Linear Prediction Coding

LSE

Least-Squared Error

LSF

Line Spectral Frequencies

LTI

Linear Time-Invariant

MAP

Maximum A Posteriori

MBE

Multi-Band Excitation

MELP

Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction

ML

Maximum Likelihood

MMSE

Minimum-Mean-Squared Error

MOS

Mean Opinion Score

MSE

Mean-Squared Error

NL2SOL

NonLinear secant approximation
To the Second Order part of the
Least squared Hessian

OLA

OverLap and Add

PARCOR

PARtial CORrelation

PCM

Pulse Code Modulation

pdf

probability density function

PM

Phase Modulation

PV

Principle phase Value

RASTA

RelAtive SpecTrAl processing

rms

root mean square (square root of mean energy)

ROC

Region Of Convergence

RPELPC

Regular Pulse-Excited Linear
Prediction Coding

SEEVOC

Spectral Envelope Estimation
VOCoder

SNR

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

SPL

Sound Pressure Level (with respect to ambient pressure)

STFT

Short-Time Fourier Transform

STFTM

Short-Time Fourier Transform Magnitude

STU

Secure Terminal Unit

TSM

Time Scale Modification

UBM

Universal Background Model

VOT

Voice Onset Time

VQ

Vector Quantization

Units

bps

bits per second

cm

centimeter

dB

deciBels

gm

gram

Hz

Hertz

kbps

kilobits per second

kg

kilogram

kHz

kilohertz

m

meter

mm

millimeter

ms

milliseconds

μs

microseconds

Rad

Radians

s

seconds

Databases

(see http://www.ldc.upenn.edu)

HTIMIT

TIMIT passed through electret and carbon-button telephone handsets

KING

High-quality and telephone-channel corpus of conversational speech

LDC

Linguistic Data Consortium

NIST

National Institute of Standards and Technology

NTIMIT

TIMIT passed through a telephone channel

TIMIT

High-quality corpus of read speech

TSID

Tactical Speaker Identification corpus of read and conversational (giving directions) speech from radio transmitters and receivers

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