A.3. Chapter 3

  1. What is another way to write the following SQL statement by using another function?

    select empno || lpad(initcap(ename),
    40-length(empno),'.')
    "Employee Directory" from emp;

    Answer: You can rewrite the statement using the CONCAT function:

    select concat(empno, lpad(initcap(ename),
    40-length(empno),'.') "Employee Directory" from emp;

  2. Which function would you use to perform an explicit conversion from a number to a string?

    Answer: You can use the TO_CHAR function to convert a number to a string.

  3. How can you rewrite the function call NUMTOYMINTERVAL(17, 'year') using the function TO_YMINTERVAL?

    Answer: You can rewrite the function call as TO_YMINTERVAL('17-00').

  4. What is the result of a number added to a NULL value?

    Answer: The result of a number added to a NULL is NULL.

  5. What is the result of formatting the number −232.6 using the format mask '9999.99S'?

    Answer: The resulting format is 232.60-.

  6. Rank the following operators or conditionals based on priority, from highest to lowest: *, OR, ||, >=

    Answer: *, ||, >=, OR

  7. The DUAL table has how many rows and how many columns?

    Answer: The DUAL table has one row and one column. The column is named DUMMY and has a value of 'X'.

  8. True or false: Strings and numbers can be concatenated.

    Answer: True, before the number is concatenated with the string, it is implicitly converted to a string.

  9. Write a SELECT statement with a built-in function or functions that will format the string 'Queen' with the '!' character padded for a total of 20 characters on the left side and with the '?' character padded for a total of 30 characters on the right. (Hint: Use nested functions.)

    Answer: SELECT statement:

    select rpad(lpad('Queen',20,'!'),30,'?') from dual;
    
    RPAD(LPAD('QUEEN',20,'!'),30,'
    ------------------------------
    !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Queen??????????

  10. What functionality does the Oracle TIMESTAMP datatype have over the DATE datatype?

    Answer: The TIMESTAMP datatype stores the time in seconds to up to nine digits of precision.

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