Luzme. This search engine allows users to compare prices, formats and rights conditions of electronic books. With a crisp, user-friendly interface, Luzme users can search for books by author, title or ISBN. Hits are grouped by book suggestions, authors and series, with price comparisons in euros or dollars. Because Luzme provides information about eBook formats, users can immediately determine if the DRM format allows them to buy the book from the country where they reside. Another useful option on Luzme is the function that allows users to track prices and be notified if they change. http://luzme.com/

 Inkmesh. A search engine for free electronic books, for purchasable books for Kindle, iPhone, Nook and Sony in virtual stores such as Amazon.com, the Sony eBook Store, Barnes & Noble, BooksOnBoard, the Apple iBookStore, Kobo, eBooks.com, Waterstone, and the Diesel eBook Store. Users can also browse by topic, filter search results, and search by language and device type. http://inkmesh.com/

 Neotake. With the capability of searching more than five million books, the Neotake search engine also searches for free eBooks. http://www.neotake.com/

 Project Gutenberg. With thousands of titles in its database, this is one of the oldest OA initiatives. Project Gutenberg (PG) was developed by Michael Hart in 1971 as a way of creating a library of free electronic versions of paper-published books in the public domain. These books are all available at the following Internet address: http://www.gutenberg.org/catalog/

 Miguel de Cervantes Digital Library [Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes]. Especially useful for consulting classic Spanish literature, the digital resource includes many more material types such as videos, doctoral dissertations, facsimiles, essays, studies, and so on. For digitalised classic books, the Cervantes Library only allows on-screen reading, not downloads. In spite of this, it is very interesting, particularly for the constant uploading of new materials. http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/

 Biblioteca Digital Hispánica [Hispanic Digital Library] Inaugurated in 2008 with 10 000 documents, the Hispanic Library currently has double that amount, as it has been enlarged with digital manuscripts, printed books from the fifteenth to the nineteenth centuries, etchings, drawings, posters, photographs, maps and so on. It houses collections from the fields of Art, Astonomy, Botany, Science, Sport, Philosophy, Philology and a remarkable collection of posters from the Spanish Civil War. http://www.bne.es/es/Catalogos/BibliotecaDigital/

 World Digital Library. An International digital library created by the U.S. Library of Congress and UNESCO and inaugurated on 21 April 2009. It aims to promote international and intercultural understanding through an ever-increasing volume and variety of digital cultural content that can be used as a resource for educators, academics, and the general public. Actively seeking the participation of institutions from many countries, it hopes to break down the digital divide among countries and also with individual countries. The material available in the World Digital Library includes manuscripts, maps, rare books, musical scores, recordings, films, photographs, architectural plans, and other cultural materials. http://www.wdl.org/es/

 Gallica. This is a French digital library with more than 300 000 books, and it also contains manuscripts, maps, images, magazines, journals, newspapers and audio documents. http://gallica.bnf.fr

 Europeanna. A European open access digital library inaugurated on 20 November 2008, it is a collection of digitalised contributions from the cultural entities of European Union member states. It has books, films, paintings, periodicals, sound archives, maps, manuscripts and other archives. The archive is currently maintained by the European Commission’s eContentPlus Community programme and coordinated by the European Digital Library Foundation (EDL Foundation). http://www.europeana.eu/portal/

 Athabasca University Press. The AU Press licences its eBooks under a Creative Commons licence. http://www.aupress.ca/

 Authorama. A completely free Collection of eBooks by a variety of authors which can be read on-line. http://www.authorama.com/

 Badosa. http://www.badosa.com

 Bartleby.com.http://www.bartleby.com/fiction/

 Books by CalTech Authors–part of CalTech CODA. http://caltechbook.library.caltech.edu/view/subjects/

 bookboon.com. This initiative from Denmark is provided by the publisher Ventus, founded in 1988. The site allows users to download free textbooks from all areas of the sciences, as well as travel guides and business administration titles. It currently contains more than 10 000 books in five different languages that can be downloaded in PDF format from anywhere in the world. The science textbooks are written by university teachers, whereas the business texts are written by professionals in each field, which increases their reliability.http://bookboon.com/

 calibre – EBook Management. This open-source software program is a document administrator and converter of books to multiple formats. Version 8 includes a meta-search engine for electronic books. http://calibre-ebook.com/

 CIVITAS: Open Access Books. Institute for the Study of Civil Society. http://www.civitas.org.uk/books/openAccess.php

 Ebooks libres et gratuits. The objective of ‘Ebooks libres et gratuits’ is to create and publish copyright-free electronic books in French on an internationally accessible portal. This initiative is supported by many institutions and organisms such as the Bibliothèque électronique du Québec, Efele.net, Et trois sont les vaisseaux …, Feedbooks, La Bibliothèque Russe et Slave, Les Échos du Maquis, Project Gutenberg, Wikilivres, Wikisource. The portal contains a discussion forum, which contributes towards better organisation of the eBooks published here. The site has a search function that allows users to find eBooks by author, title, and subject, and it has an RSS feed that announces new titles. http://www.ebooksgratuits.com

 eScholarship Editions libros de la University of California Press. Some of the books on this site are publicly available while others are exclusive to the UC community. http://texts.cdlib.org/escholarship/

 Free Books – Download & Streaming – Ebook and Texts Archive. http://www.archive.org/details/texts

 Fictionwise. Digital bookshop with some free electronic books. http://www.fictionwise.com/

 Gutenberg Project. This project, already seen above, offers more than 36 000 books for download to PC, Kindle, iPhone and Android phones and other devices. The user can choose between different formats, including ePub, Kindle, mobipocket, HTML and simple text formats. The texts available are mostly in the public domain, or are texts which were never copyrighted or whose copyright was never renewed. There are also copyrighted texts available on Project Gutenberg by express desire of the authors. http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Main_Page

 HEARTH: Home Economics Archive: Research, Tradition, and History. This site has more than 1 000 volumes on home economics published between 1850 and 1950. It also includes magazines. http://hearth.library.cornell.edu/

 HSRC Press: The Human Sciences Research Council. Headquartered in South Africa, this site distributes open access books for the local, regional and continental communities. http://www.hsrcpress.ac.za/

 In Tech Open. Open access project which provides technical texts. http://www.intechopen.com/books

 Internet Archive. This is a digital portal that contains many types of on-line documents, including electronic books. Among the texts availabe here, there are collections from libraries in Canada, including the Library and Archives of Canada, the Toronto Library, the Havergal University Library, and the Ontario Legislative Library, as well as material from U.S. libraries and from Project Gutenberg. It contains a collection of materials from ten natural history museums, a children’s library and many other contents. http://www.archive.org/details/texts

 Libuku. Libuku is a bookshop-sponsored project with free eBooks in ePub formats. http://www.libuku.com/

 Literature.org. Complete texts of classic English-language literature. http://www.literature.org/

 Literature for Children. A collection of books for children published in the U.K. and the U.S. between 1850 and 1950. http://palmm.fcla.edu/juv/

 The US National Academies Press. In 1996, the National Academies Press began to experiment with free publication of its books on its own website, while they charged for print copies of these titles. http://www.nap.edu

 OAPEN (Open Access Publishing in European Networks). A collaborative initiative for the purpose of developing and implementing a model for sustainable open access publication of scientific books in the areas of the Humanities and Social Sciences. The OAPEN library aims to improve author and insititutional visibility and better the user-friendliness of top-quality academic research by openly publishing European peer-reviewed works. http://www.oapen.org

 Open Access Books | InTech. This is an open access publisher of multidisciplinary journals and books in the areas of Science, Technology and Medicine which makes use of semántica web technology. Since its inception in 2004, InTech has published over 1000 eBooks with a view to making high quality research available for free online. InTech publishes three specialised journals and has an overall production rate of 200 books per year; it also has a collection of over 6500 book chapters. The quality of its publications is unquestionable: the books and journal articles are written by well-known researchers, and its editors, peer reviewers, and scientific editorial boards are also highly acclaimed. In order to keep up the standard of quality, InTech only seeks outstanding professionals to collaborate with. The project began in 2004 when two scientists, Vedran Kordic and Lazinica Aleksandar, aimed to change the mind-set of scientific publishers by introducing an open access business model. With its headquarters in Vienna, a city with a large and prestigious scientific community, InTech publishes all its books and journals under Creative Commons licences in which authors hold copyright and can choose which rights they want to protect. All books have ISBN numbers. http://www.intechweb.org/books

 Open Access Books – HEC – National Digital Library Program. http://www.digitallibrary.edu.pk/OAEBooks.html

 Open Access Books from Museu de Prehistòria de València. http://www.museuprehistoriavalencia.es/trabajos_varios.html

 Open Library. With a store of classic world literature, the Open Library has over one million free eBooks available. http://openlibrary.org/

 Online Books Page. This web source has more than one million free electronic books on its list. http://digital.library.upenn.edu/books/

 O’Reilly Open Books Project. Open access computer science and technology books can be found here. http://www.oreilly.com/openbook/

 Perseus Digital Library. Perseus’s flagship collection, started in 1987, covers the history, literature, and culture of the Greco-Roman world. Newer projects include Arabic and German collections, nineteenth-century American history, and Renaissance and non-literary papyri. It includes both primary texts and analytical works.¹ www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper

 Questia Public Domain Library. Though a subscription-based service, Questia offers more than 5000 free public domain eBooks on its website. http://www.questia.com/publicdomainindex

 Renascence Editions. This site contains works in English dating from 1477 to 1799. http://www.luminarium.org/renascence-editions/

 Scribd.com. This is a Web 2.0 resource for sharing text, including eBooks. http://es.scribd.com/

 Southern Connecticut State University. Open access books http://www.library.southernct.edu/openbooks.html

 Terrapub e-Library. The Japan-based Terra Scientific Publishing has a variety of free pdf eBooks in the areas of environmental and computer science. http://www.terrapub.co.jp/e-library

 United Nations University Full-Text Publications. Contains reports from the United Nations University programs on agriculture, development, food and nutrition. http://unu.edu/publications/books

 Universal Digital Library at Carnegie Mellon University. This web library has more than one million free electronic books. http://www.ulib.org/

 University of California Press E-books Collection. With a complete collection of 2000 books from between 1998 and 2004, nearly 500 of them are freely available to the public. http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/

 Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD). http://rocky.dlib.vt.edu/~etdunion/cgi-bin/OCLCUnion/UI/index.pl

 CalTech Electronic Theses and Dissertations. http://etd.caltech.edu/ETD-db/ETD-browse/browse?first_letter=a;browse_by=department

 DART. A European doctoral dissertation harvester. http://www.darteurope.eu/

 OAIster. http://oaister.umdl.umich.edu/o/oaister/

 TDX. Tesis Documentales en Red (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitàries de Catalunya). http://www.tdx.cat/

 Calibre. Calibre is a complete electronic book manager, converter and viewer with a solution for all eBook management needs. It is a free, open-source program that operates on Linux and Windows, and allows users to manage e-libraries, convert files and access news forums. Its eBook viewer functions allow users to synch books to their devices, convert them to most major formats and create a personalised catalogue. Calibre can also search and download books from the Internet using its meta browser function. Users of Calibre can download newspapers through daily RSS feeds and convert them into more convenient reading formats. http://calibre-ebook.com/

 dotEPUB. This is a cloud-based software program that allows users to convert web pages to an eBook reading format. For content consumers (readers), dotEPUB has a bookmarklet which is compatible with Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari and Opera. If you use Google Chrome, there is a dotEPUB extension you can instal.

 ePub. This is the standard open-source code created by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF) in 2007. Based on XML, the code is associated with three standard open-source file types, namely: 1 Open Publication Structure (OPS), which is an XHTML document that determines the structure of a publication, its CSS styles, and so on; 2 the Open Packaging Format (OPF), which determines the structure of the container; and 3 the Open Container Format (OCF), which is a .zip file where the actual publication archives (text, images, and so on) are located. http://idpf.org/epub

 FBReader. This is a simple eReader which contains word search and page rotation functions. With a very simple interface, FBReader offers crisp text type and allows users to scroll forwards and backwards using a bar which indicates the total number of pages in the book and which page is currently being read. FBReader’s search function, which allows users to search by word or expression, is the feature it is best known for. http://www.fbreader.org/

 GrabMyBooks. This is a Firefox add-on that allows users to create personalised documents in ePub format using information found on the Internet, or from books, articles, newspapers and magazines. As you find material, you can use GrabMyBooks to give the person book you are creating the shape that you want in order to read it on an electronic reading device. Using this add-on is very straightforward. Once Mozilla FireFox is installed, you can right-click on what you are reading to create an ePub document, and you can use GrabMyBooks to add text from more than one article or news item. https://addons.mozilla.org/es-es/firefox/addon/grabmybooks/

 Libertexto. Another Mozilla Firefox add-on that allows you to do some of the same things you would do with printed texts or with HTML or pdf files, i.e. highlight, underline, and add notes. Libertexto adds functionality to digital texts that they would otherwise not have. http://www.libertexto.org/

 Lucidor. This is an eBook reader for the EPUB format on Firefox. At the moment of writing, Lucidor can only read the ePub format, although it provides access to others as its built-in search function takes you to pages where you can download eBooks in other formats. http://lucidor.org/lucidor/

 MobileRead Wiki. This Wiki is a compendium of documents on the subject of electronic books, and eBook formats, principles, standards, forums and so on which was created by members of the MobileRead Community. http://wiki.mobileread.com/

 MyScrapbook. With MyScrapbook you can create virtual scrapbooks. It is specially geared towards educational environments, as you can see by looking at the Libro Virtual (My Scrap Book) of the Cavaleri Secondary School, in the Seville (Spain) suburb of Mairena de Aljarafe (http://iescavaleri.com). These virtual scrapbooks can have as many chapters as you want and access can be given to as many other people as you want. You can further specify which users are to write which chapters or what things each user can do within each chapter. You can download from the following link the latest version of the software (4.0). http://phpwebquest.org/my/descargas.htm

 OpenInkpot. OpenInkpot is a free open-source Linux distribution for electronic books, especially for reading devices that use eInk, a format supported by many commercially available eReaders. http://openinkpot.org/wiki/WikiStart/es

 PDF Creator. This open software program allows you to convert documents in .doc, .txt, .rtf and .html into pdf. When installed, it creates a virtual printer. In order to convert files to pdf, the user simply has to chose the print option from whichever program they are using and select the PDF Creator virtual printer from the options. The program will prompt you to choose a file name and location for the newly-created pdf file. http://sourceforge.net/projects/pdfcreator/

 Sigil. This is an electronic book editor which can also be used to create electronic books in ePub, or it can be used simply for format conversions. The program can be used to correct existing problems in texts caused by file conversions from .pdf or .odt, in which case you open the ePub file generated by Calibre and modify whatever is needed. Sigil is a multi-platform eBook editor. http://code.google.com/p/sigil/

 Writer2ePub Open Office. Writer2ePub is an Open Office extension for exporting files from other formats to ePub. Using Writer2ePub is very easy. You simply open the text in OpenOffice and from the tool bar select the ‘Definition for Processor’ option to convert that file to ePUB.