Endnotes

  1. Di'Tomaso, Nancy, Daria Kirby, Frances Milliken and Harry Triandis. “Effective and Inclusive Learning Environments.” A Report Commissioned by the International Association for Management Education (AACSB), AACSB, St. Louis, 1998, p. 16.

  1. “Survey Shows Many Companies Have Diversity Programs, Changes in Affirmative Action Perspectives,” Mosaics: Society of Human Resources Focus on Workplace Diversity, 1, No. 1, March 1995, pp. 1, 5.

  1. Di'Tomaso, Nancy, Daria Kirby, Frances Milliken and Harry Triandis. “Effective and Inclusive Learning Environments.” A Report Commissioned by the International Association for Management Education (AACSB), AACSB, St. Louis, 1998, p. 17.

  1. Woodford, John. “Seeing Race: A New Look at an Old Notion,” Michigan Today, June 1996, p. 2.

  1. West, Candace and Don H. Zimmerman. “Doing Gender,” Gender & Society, 1, No. 2, June 1987, pp. 125–151.

  1. Sowell, Thomas. “Effontery and Gall, Inc.,” Forbes, 27, September 1993, p. 52; cited in Litvin, Deborah, R. “The Discourse of Diversity: From Biology to Management,” Organization (1997): 4, No. 2, pp. 187–209.

  1. Litvin, Deborah, R. “The Discourse of Diversity: From Biology to Management,” Organization (1997): 4, No. 2, pp. 187–209.

  1. Gilbert, Matthew. “Gish Jen, All-American,” The Boston Globe, 4, June 1996, pp. 53, 58; quoted in Litvin, Deborah, R. “The Discourse of Diversity: From Biology to Management,” Organization (1997): 4, No. 2, pp. 187–209.

  1. “Increasing Diversity Creates Definition Issues,” Mosaics Society of Human Resources Focuses on Workplace Diversity, 1, No. 1, March 1995, pp. 3, 7.

  1. Alderfer, Clayton. “Intergroup Relations and Organizations,” in Hackman, Richard J., Ed Lawler and Lyman Porter (eds.) Perspectives on Behavior in Organizations. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1983.

  1. Ibid.

  1. Wells, Leroy, Jr. “Misunderstandings of and among Cultures: The Effects of Transubstantiative Error,” in D. Vails-Weber and J. Potts (eds.) Sunrise Seminars, Vol. 2, NTL Institute, Arlington, VA, 1985, pp. 51–57.

  1. Earley, Christopher and Miriam Erez. The Transplanted Executive: Why You Need to Understand How Workers in Other Countries See the World Differently. Oxford, New York, 1997.

  1. Schein, Edgar. Organizational Culture and Leadership, 2d ed., Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 1992.

  1. Brake, Terrance and Danielle Walker. Doing Business Internationally: A Workbook to Cross-Cultural Success. Princeton Training Press, New Jersey, 1995.

  1. Gilligan, Carol. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1993.

  1. Brake, Terence, Danielle Medina Walker and Thomas Walker. Doing Business Internationally: The Guide to Cross-Cultural Success. McGraw-Hill, Princeton, NJ, 1995.

  1. Ibid.

  1. Trompenaars, Fons. Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business. Irwin, New York, 1994.

  1. Ibid.

  1. Hofstede, Geert. Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Sage, Newbury Park, 1984; Geert Hofstede. “Cultural Constraints in Management Theories,” Academy of Management Executive (1993): 7, No. 1, pp. 81–94.

  1. Trompenaars, Fons. Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business. Irwin, New York, 1994.

  1. Gilligan, Carol. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1993.

  1. Copeland, Lennie and Lewis Griggs. Going International, How to Make Friends and Deal Effectively in the Global Marketplace. Plume Books, New York, 1985.

  1. Kennedy, Jim and Anna Everest. “Put Diversity in Context,” Personnel Journal, September, 1991, pp. 50–54.

  1. Tannen, Deborah. You Just Don't Understand: Women and Men in Conversation, Ballentine Books, New York, 1990.

  1. Gardenswartz, Lee and Anita Rowe. Managing Diversity: A Complete Desk Reference and Planning Guide. Pfeiffer and Company, San Diego, CA, 1993.

  1. Copeland, Lennie and Lewis Griggs. Going International, How to Make Friends and Deal Effectively in the Global Marketplace. Plume Books, New York, 1985.

  1. Lewis, Richard. When Cultures Collide. Nicholas Brealey Publishing, London, 1996.

  1. Bluedorn, Allen C., Carol Felker Kaufman and Paul M. Lane. “How Many Things Do You Like to Do at Once? An Introduction to Monochronic and Polychronic Time,” Academy of Management Executive (1992): 6, No. 4, pp. 17–26.

  1. Stone, Nan. “The Globalization of Europe: An Interview with Wisse Dekker,” Harvard Business Review, May–June 1989, 67, No. 3, pp. 90–96.

  1. U.S. News and World Report, December 1, 1997, p. 6.

  1. Belenky, Mary Field, Blythe McVicker Clinchy, Nancy Rule Godberger and Jill Mattuck Tarule. Women's Ways of Knowing. Basic Books, New York, 1986.

  1. Brake, Terrance and Danielle Walker. Doing Business Internationally: A Workbook to Cross-Cultural Success. Princeton Training Press, New Jersey, 1995.

  1. Brake, Terance, Danielle Walker, and Thomas Walker. Doing Business Internationally: The Guide to Cross-Cultural Success. McGraw-Hill, Princeton, NJ, 1995.

  1. Di'Tomaso, Nancy, Daria Kirby, Frances Milliken and Harry Triandis. “Effective and Inclusive Learning Environments.” The International Association for Management Education (AACSB), St. Louis, 1998, p. 57; citing Triandis, Harry. Culture and Social Behavior. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1994.

  1. Trompenaars, Fons. Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business. Irwin, New York, 1994.

  1. Hofstede, Geert. Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Sage, Newbury Park, 1984; Geert Hofstede. “Cultural Constraints in Management Theories,” Academy of Management Executive (1993): 7, No. 1, pp. 81–94.

  1. Sethi, Sheena and Mark Lepper. “Rethinking the Role of Choice in Intrinsic Motivation: A Cultural Perspective on Intrinsic Motivation,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, No. 3, March 1999, pp. 349–366.

  1. Schor, Juliet. The Overworked American. Basic Books, New York, 1991.

  1. Cox, Taylor, Jr. “Distinguishing Valuing Diversity from Stereotyping,” in Taylor Cox, Jr. and Ruby L. Beale (eds.) Developing Competency to Manage Diversity: Readings, Cases, Activities. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, San Francisco, 1997.

  1. Ibid.

  1. Hamilton, Edith. Mythology. Little Brown, Boston, 1942.

  1. Wright, Peter, Stephen Ferris, Janine S. Hiller and Mark Kroll. “Competitiveness through the Management of Diversity: Effects on Stock Price Valuation,” Academy of Management Journal (1995): 38, No. 2, pp. 272–287.

  1. Ibid.

  1. Fisher, George. “Foreword,” in Morrison, Ann. The New Leaders: Leadership Diversity in America. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 1996.

  1. Thomas, David and Robin Ely. “Making Differences Matter: A New Paradigm for Managing Diversity,” Harvard Business Review, 74, No. 5, September–October, 1997, pp. 79–90.

  1. Cox, Taylor, Sharon Lobel and Poppy McLeod. “Effects of Ethnic Group Cultural Difference on Cooperative versus Competitive Behavior on a Group Task,” Academy of Management Journal (1991): Vol. 34, 4, pp. 827–847.

  1. Thomas, David C., Elizabeth C. Ravlin and Alan W. Wallace. “Effect of Cultural Diversity in Work Groups,” Research in the Sociology of Organizations (1996): Vol. 14, pp. 1–33.

  1. Ibid., p. 26

  1. Faircloth, Anne. “Guess Who's Coming to Denny's,” Fortune, August 3, 1998, pp. 108–110.

  1. Cohen-Van Pelt, Elizabeth. “Lawyer Loot,” Working Woman, November 1998, p. 20.

  1. Barrier, Michael. “Sexual Harassment,” Nation's Business, December 1998, pp. 13–19.

  1. Cox, Taylor H. and Stacy Blake. “Manag-ing Cultural Diversity: Implications for Organizational Competitiveness,” Academy of Management Executive (1991): 5, No. 3, pp. 45–56.

  1. Morrison, Ann. The New Leaders. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 1996.

  1. Thomas, Kecia M. “Psychological Privilege and Ethnocentrism as Barriers to Cross-Cultural Adjustment and Effective Intercultural Interactions,” Leadership Quarterly (1996): 7, No. 2, pp. 215–228.

  1. Black, Stewart J. and Hal B. Gregersen. “Antecedents to Cross-Cultural Adjustment for Expatriates in Pacific Rim Assignments,” Human Relations (1991): 44, No. 5, pp. 497–515.

  1. Stone, Nan. “The Globalization of Europe: An Interview with Wisse Dekker,” Harvard Business Review, 91–96, p. 92.

  1. Jones, Del. “Setting Diversity's Foundation in the Bottom Line,” USA Today, October 15, 1996, p. 4B.

  1. Copeland, Lennie. “Valuing Workplace Diversity: Ten Reasons Employers Recognize the Benefits of a Mixed Work Force,” Personnel Administrator, November 1988, pp. 38–40.

  1. “Can America's Workforce Grow Old Gainfully?” The Economist, July 25, 1998, pp. 59–60.

  1. Urresta, Lixandra and Jonathan Hickman. “The Diversity Elite,” Fortune, August 3, 1998, pp. 114–122.

  1. Morrison, Ann. The New Leaders. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 1996.

  1. Ibid.

  1. Watson, W.E., K. Kumar and L.K. Michaelson. “Cultural Diversity's Impact on Interaction Process and Performance: Comparing Homogeneous and Diverse Task Groups,” Academy of Management Journal (1993): 36, pp. 590–602.

  1. Thomas, David and Robin Ely. “Making Differences Matter: A New Paradigm for Managing Diversity,” Harvard Business Review, 74, No. 5, September–October 1996, pp. 79–90.

  1. Ibid., p. 82.

  1. Huey, John. “Here We Go Again,” Fortune, October 12, 1998, p. 26.

  1. Andre, Rae. “Diversity Stress as Moral Stress,” Journal of Business Ethics (1995): 14, pp. 489–496.

  1. Jackson, Susan, Joan Brett, Valerie Sessa, Dawn Cooper, Johan Julin and Karl Peyronnin. “Some Differences Make a Difference: Individual Dissimilarity and Group Heterogeneity as Correlates of Recruitment, Promotion, and Turnover,” Journal of Applied Psychology (1991): 76, No. 5, pp. 675–689; O'Reilly, Charles, David Caldwell and William Barnett. “Work Group Demography, Social Integration, and Turnover,” Administrative Science Quarterly (1989): 34, pp. 21–37; Jackson, Susan E. “Team Composition in Organizational Settings: Issues in Managing an Increasingly Diverse Work Force,” in S. Worchel, W. Wood and J. Simpson (eds.) Group Process and Productivity. Sage, Beverly Hills, 1991.

  1. Jackson, Susan E. “Team Composition in Organizational Settings: Issues in Managing an Increasingly Diverse Workforce,” in S. Worchel, W. Wood and J. Simpson (eds.) Group Process and Productivity. Sage, Beverly Hills, 1991.

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  1. Finley, Joycelyn. “Communication Double Binds: The Catch-22 of Conversations about Racial Issues in Work Groups.” Dissertation Submitted to the University of Michigan, 1996.

  1. Nemetz, Patricia and Sandra Christensen. “The Challenge of Cultural Diversity: Harnessing a Diversity of Views to Understand Multiculturalism,” Academy of Management Review (1996): 21, No. 2, pp. 434–462.

  1. Mulvaney, Tim. “Why Diversity Becomes Irrelevant,” Managing Diversity, Vol. 7, No. 6, p. 6.

  1. Cox, Taylor. Cultural Diversity in Organizations: Theory, Research, and Practice. Berrett-Koehler, San Francisco, 1993; Cox, Taylor and Ruby Beale. Developing Competency to Manage Diversity: Readings, Cases, and Activities. Berrett-Koehler, San Francisco, 1997.

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  1. Harragan, Betty Lehan. Games Mother Never Taught You. Warner Books, New York, 1977.

  1. Kelly, Colleen and Judith Meyers. Cross-Cultural Adaptability Inventory. National Computer Systems, Minneapolis, MN, 1995.

  1. Fitzgerald, Thomas. “Understanding Diversity in the Workplace: Cultural Metaphors or Metaphors of Identity?” Business Horizons, 40, No. 4, July–August 1997, pp. 66–70.

  1. Lancaster, Hal. “Learning to Manage in a Global Workplace (You're on Your Own),” The Wall Street Journal, June 2, 1998, p. B1.

  1. Tung, Rosalie. “Expatriate Assignments: Enhancing Success and Minimizing Failure,” Academy of Management Executive (1987): 1, No. 2, pp. 117–126; Kelly, Colleen and Judith Meyers. Cross-Cultural Adaptability Inventory. National Computer Systems, Minneapolis, MN, 1995.

  1. Kelly, Colleen and Judith Meyers. Cross-Cultural Adaptability Inventory. National Computer Systems, Minneapolis, MN, 1995.

  1. Laurent, Andre. “The Cross-Cultural Puzzle of International Human Resource Management,” Human Resource Management, Vol. 25, No. 1, Spring 1986, pp. 91–102.

  1. Stewart, Rosemary. “German Management: A Challenge to Anglo-American Managerial Assumptions, Business Horizons, May–June, 1996, pp. 52–54.

  1. Kennedy, Jim and Anna Everest. “Put Diversity in Context,” Personnel Journal, September, 1991, pp. 50–54.

  1. Trompenaars, Fons. Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business. Irwin, New York, 1994.

  1. Kelly, Colleen and Judith Meyers. Cross-Cultural Adaptability Inventory. National Computer Systems, Minneapolis, MN, 1995.

  1. Ibid.

  1. McGill, Andrew, Michael Johnson and Karen Bantel. “Cognitive Complexity and Conformity: Effects on Performance in a Turbulent Environment,” Psychological Reports (1994): 75, pp. 1451–1472.

  1. Kelly, Colleen and Judith Meyers. Cross-Cultural Adaptability Inventory. National Computer Systems, Minneapolis, MN, 1995.

  1. Hodgetts, Richard. “A Conversation with Geert Hofstede,” Organizational Dynamics, 57, Spring 1993, pp. 53–61.

  1. Kelly, Colleen and Judith Meyers. Cross-Cultural Adaptability Inventory. National Computer Systems, Minneapolis, MN, 1995.

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  1. Adler, Nancy and Susan Bartholomew. “Managing Globally Competent People,” Academy of Management Executive (1992): 6, No. 3, pp. 52–65.

  1. Cox, Taylor and Stacy Blake. “Managing Cultural Diversity: Implications for Organizational Competitiveness,” Academy of Management Executive (1991): 5, No. 3, pp. 45–56.

  1. Herr Van Norstrand, Catherine. “Leaders in Collusion: How Leaders Perpetuate Male Privilege,” Gender Responsible Leadership, Sage, Newbury Park, 1993, pp. 3–29.

  1. Urresta, Lixandra and Jonathan Hickman. “The Diversity Elite,” Fortune, August 3, 1998, pp. 114–122.

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  1. Van Velsor, Ellen and Martha W. Hughes. Gender Differences in the Development of Managers: How Women Managers Learn from Experience. Center for Creative Leadership, Greensboro, NC, 1990.

  1. Beirman, Leonard. “Regulating Reindeer Games,” Academy of Management Executive (1997): 11, No. 4, pp. 92–93; citing Beiner, Theresa A. “Do Reindeer Games Count as Terms, Conditions, or Privileges of Employment under Title VII?” Boston College Law Review (1996): 37, pp. 643–690.

  1. Ibid.

  1. Friedman, Raymond A. “Defining the Scope and Logic of Minority and Female Network Groups,” Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management (1996): 14, pp. 307–349.

  1. Cox, Taylor. Cultural Diversity in Organizations: Theory, Research, and Practice. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, San Francisco, 1994.

  1. Cox, Taylor and Stacy Blake. “Managing Cultural Diversity: Implications for Organizational Competitiveness,” Academy of Management Executive (1991): 5, No 3, pp. 45–56.

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  1. Dovidio, John, Ana Validzic and Samuel Gaertner. “Intergroup Bias: Status, Differentiation, and a Common Ingroup Identity,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (1998): Vol. 75, pp. 109–120.

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  1. Meyerson, Debra and Joyce Fletcher. “A Modest Manifesto for Shattering the Glass Ceiling, Harvard Business Review, January–February, 2000, pp. 126–136.

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