Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco
New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid
Capetown • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals.
The .NET logo is either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries and is used under license from Microsoft.
The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein.
The publisher offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk purchases or special sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests. For more information, please contact:
U.S. Corporate and Government Sales
(800) 382-3419
[email protected]
For sales outside the United States please contact:
International Sales
[email protected]
Visit us on the Web: www.informit.com/msdotnetseries
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Calvert, Charles
Essential LINQ / Charlie Calvert, Dinesh Kulkarni. — 1st ed.
p. cm.
ISBN 0-321-56416-2 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Microsoft LINQ. 2. C# (Computer program
language) 3. Query languages (Computer science) 4. Microsoft .NET Framework.
I. Kulkarni, Dinesh, 1968- II. Title.
QA76.7.C35 2009
006.7'882—dc22
2008052508
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, write to:
Pearson Education, Inc
Rights and Contracts Department
501 Boylston Street, Suite 900
Boston, MA 02116
Fax (617) 671 3447
ISBN-13: 978-0-321-56416-0
ISBN-10: 0-321-56416-2
Text printed in the United States on recycled paper at RR Donnelley in Crawfordsville, Indiana.
First printing March 2009
This book is dedicated to my wife Margie. When authors dedicate their books to their wife or parents, I perhaps unfairly suspect them of a failure of imagination or paucity of emotional range. I would have no problem coming up with other worthies to whom I could dedicate this book. My good friends, such as David Intersimone, Lino Tadros, John Kaster, and Steve Teixeira, have been a joy to me for many years. I’m blessed with a wonderful father, and I would be happy to dedicate another book to him. My siblings, nieces, nephews, and other relatives are deserving of a dedication. So are my godparents, George and MaryAnn Kephart. I’ve recently been reintroduced to the Pacific Northwest, and I undoubtedly could never have written a word of this text were it not for the regular support I get from the mountains, forests, and waterways of this wonderful land. My many spiritual mentors—Christian, Buddhist, and Hindu—have been the very air I breathe for many years, and I could do nothing without them. I also lucked into—through no skill of my own, and despite all my best efforts to deny myself the privilege—a wonderful wife to whom I can never sufficiently offer enough thanks. Margie, I once again find myself dedicating a book to you, wishing only that this simple dedication were worthy of even some small portion of all that you have done for me.
—Charlie Calvert
Dedicated to the Lord for all he has given and continues to give.
—Dinesh Kulkarni