Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

1    Introduction

1.1    Mobile Notifications

1.2    Issues with Mobile Notifications

1.3    Solutions for Interruptibility Management

2    Interruptions

2.1    Definitions of Interruptions from Different Research Fields

2.2    Types of Interruptions

2.2.1    Internal Interruptions

2.2.2    External Interruptions

2.3    Definition of Interruptions in Context of this Lecture

2.4    Sources of Interruptions

2.4.1    Interruptions in Human-Human Discourse

2.4.2    Interruptions in Human-Computer Interaction

3    Cost of Interruption

3.1    Impact on Memory

3.2    Impact on Ongoing Task Performance

3.3    Impact on Users’ Emotional State

3.4    Impact on User Experience

3.5    Individual Differences in Perceiving Disruption from Interruptions

3.6    Summary

4    An Overview of Interruptibility Management

4.1    Definition

4.2    Key Dimensions for the Design of Interruptibility Management Systems

4.2.1    Delivering Right Information at the Right Time

4.2.2    Delivering Information Through the Right Medium

5    Interruptibility Management in Desktop Environments

5.1    Interruptibility Management by Exploiting Task-Related Information

5.2    Interruptibility Management by Using Contextual Data

5.2.1    Offline Analysis

5.2.2    On-the-Fly Inference

5.3    Summary

6    Interruptibility Management in Mobile Environments

6.1    Understanding Users’ Perception Toward Interruptions Caused by Mobile Notifications

6.2    Designing Interruptibility Management Systems for Delivering the Right Information at the Right Time

6.2.1    Interruptibility Management by Using Current Activity

6.2.2    Interruptibility Management by Using the Transition Between Activities

6.2.3    Interruptibility Management by Using Contextual Data

6.2.4    Interruptibility Management by Filtering Irrelevant Information

6.3    Designing Interruptibility Management Systems for Multi-Device Environments

6.3.1    Understanding Users’ Perception Toward Interruptions Caused by Notifications in a Multi-Device Environment

6.3.2    Designing Interruptibility Management Systems for Delivering Information Through the Right Medium

6.4    Interruptibility Management—An Alternative Approach for Context-Aware Assistive Apps

6.5    Summary

7    Limitations of the State of the Art and Open Challenges

7.1    Deferring Notifications

7.2    Monitoring Cognitive Context

7.3    Learning “Good” Behavior: Interruptions for Positive Behavior Intervention

7.4    Modeling for Multiple Devices

7.5    Need for Large-Scale Studies

8    Summary

Bibliography

Authors’ Biographies

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