In this appendix, many of the parameters that determine how your document is formatted are described. To change the default value of a length parameter, you can use ’s setlength
command. For example, to change the indentation for a paragraph to 2 cm, you would use
setlength{parindent}{2cm}
Some format parameters define a fractional quantity or a scale factor. To change these parameters, use the
enewcommand
. For example, to change the fraction of a page that can be occupied by floats at the top use
enewcommand{ opfraction}{.4}
Finally, some parameters are counters with integer values. Change these counters with the setcounter
command. For example, to change the maximum number of floats allowed at the top of a page to three use
setcounter{topnumber}{3}
Some parameters can be changed only in the preamble. Unless noted to the contrary in the following definitions, a parameter may be changed anywhere in the document.
oddsidemargin
The left indentation of the text relative to one inch from the left margin of the paper. If a twoside document style is specified, it only affects odd-numbered pages. Change in preamble only. Default values: report, 0.29in (2-sided) or 0.55in (1-sided); book, 0.25in; article, 0.29in (2-sided) or 0.55in (1-sided); letter, 0.74in. Change with the setlength
command.
evensidemargin
In twoside style, the left indentation of the text relative to one inch from the left margin of the paper fort even pages. Change in preamble only. Default values: report, 0.82in (2-sided) or 0.55in (1-sided); book, 1.25in; article, 0.82in (2-sided) or 0.55in (1-sided); letter, 0.74in. Change with the setlength
command.
extwidth
The text width between the left and right margins in a normal paragraph. Change only in the preamble. Default: report, 5.42in; book, 5in; article, 5.42in; letter, 5.07in. Change with the setlength
command.
opmargin
The distance between the top of the paper and the top of the page head. Change only in the preamble. Default: 0.38in (book, 0.73in). Change with the setlength
command.
headheight
The vertical space used for a page’s header. Change only in preamble. Default: 0.17in. Change with the setlength
command.
headsep
The vertical distance between the header and the body of the text. Change only in the preamble. Default: report, 0.35in; book, 0.275in; article, 0.35in; letter, 0.63in. Change with the setlength
command.
extheight
Height of the body of the text on a page. Change only in preamble. Default: 7.39in (letter, 7.01in). Change with the setlength
command.
footheight
The height of the footer. Change only in the preamble. Default: Oin (letter, 0.17in). Change with the setlength
command.
footskip
The distance from the bottom of the text body to the bottom of the footer. Change only in the footer. Default: 0.42in (letter, 0.35in). Change with the setlength
command.
parindent
Indentation from the left margin for the first line of a paragraph. Default: 1.5em (letter, Oin). Change with the setlength
command.
aselineskip
The minimum separation between baselines in a paragraph. (Letters without descenders are placed on the baseline.) Only one setting per paragraph is allowed. Default: 0.2in (letter, 0.21in). Change with the setlength
command.
opskip
Distance from the top of the text body to the baseline of the first line in the body. Change only in the preamble. Default: 0.14in. Change with the setlength
command.
aselinestretch
The space between baselines is multiplied by this factor. Default: 1. Change with the
enewcommand
. If changed in the document, it does not take effect until after a change in font size. Change with the
enewcommand
command.
parskip
The vertical separation between paragraphs. This is a rubber length. Default: Oin (letter, O.lin). Change with the setlength
command.
secnumdepth
A counter whose value defines the lowest level of sectional numbering. Set only in preamble. For report and book styles, chapters are level 0 and parts are level -1. Sections are level 1, subsections level 2, subsubsections level 3, and so on. Change with the setcounter
command.
tocdepth
A counter that defines the lowest level of sections to be included in the Table of Contents. Set only in preamble. Change with the setcounter
command.
footnotesep
The extra separation between footnotes. Default: 0.12in (letter, 0.17in). Change with the setlength
command.
columnsep
The separation between the two columns. Default: 0.14in. Change with the setlength
command.
columnseprule
The width of the rule placed between columns. If set to 0 size, then no rule is made. Default: Oin. Change with the setlength
command.
marginparwidth
Width for the marginal notes. Change only in the preamble. Default: report and article, 1.18in (two-sided printing) or 0.94in (one-sided printing); book, l.0in; letter, 1.25in. Change with the setlength
command.
marginparsep
The distance between the edge of the text body and the marginal note. Change only in the preamble. Default: report and article, 0.14in; book, 0.l0in; letter, 0.15in. Change with the setlength
command.
marginparpush
The minimum vertical distance between adjacent marginal notes. Change only in the preamble. Default: report, book, and article, 0.lin; letter, 0.070in. Change with the setlength
command.
All the parameters for the list environment are changed in the list environment. For example, you might have
…egin{list}{}{listparindent .25in leftmargin .5in}...
opsep
Vertical space (in addition to normal paragraph spacing) between the list and surrounding text. It is a rubber length. Default: 0.125in (letter, 0.4em).
partopsep
Extra vertical space between list and surrounding text if a blank line precedes the text. It is a rubber length.
itemsep
Separation (added to parsep
) between list items. It is a rubber length. Default: 0.06in (letter, 0.4em).
parsep
Vertical spacing between paragraphs within an item. It is a rubber length. Default: 0.06in (letter, 0in).
leftmargin
The left margin of an item’s text (not including the label) relative to the left margin of the text. It must be positive or zero. Default: 2.5em.
ightmargin
The right margin of an item’s text (not including the label) relative to the right margin of the text. It must be positive or zero. Default: 0em.
listparindent
The paragraph indentation for all item paragraphs (except the first). Default: 0in.
itemindent
The indentation before each label. Default: 0in (may be negative!).
labelsep
The horizontal separation between a item’s label and the text of the item. Default: 0.5em.
labelwidth
The width of the box for each item’s label in which the label is placed flush left. If the width of the label’s box plus labelsep
equals leftmargin,
then the label will be flush with the left margin of the surrounding text. If the width of the label’s box plus the labelsep
is less than the leftmargin
, then the labels will be indented from the surrounding text. Default: 2em.
jot
The extra vertical space added between rows of lines in an eqnarray environment. Default: 0.04in. Change with the setlength
command.
mathindent
The amount by which the displayed equations are indented from the left margin when fleqn
document style is specified. Default: 0in. Change with the setlength
command.
abovedisplayskip
The extra vertical space left above a long displayed equation (equal to opsep
if fleqn
is used). An equation is considered a long equation if its left end is farther to the left than the end of the last line of text. Default: 0.17in. Change with the setlength
command.
elowdisplayskip
The extra vertical space placed below a long displayed equation (equal to opsep
if fleqn
is used). It is a rubber length. Default: 0in. Change with the setlength
command.
abovedisplayshortskip
The extra vertical space left above a short displayed equation (equal to opsep
if fleqn
is used). An equation is considered a short equation if its left end is farther to the right than the end of the last line of text. Default: 0in. Change with the setlength
command.
elowdisplayshortskip
The extra vertical space placed below a short displayed equation (equal to opsep
if fleqn
is used). It is a rubber length. Default: 0in. Change with the setlength
command.
topnumber
A counter specifying the maximum number of floats that may appear at the top of a text page. Default: 2. Change with the setcounter
command.
opfraction
The fraction of a page allowed for floats at the top of the page. Default: 0.7. The
enewcommand
is used to change its value.
bottomnumber
A counter specifying the maximum number of floats that may appear at the bottom of a text page. Default: 1. Change with the setcounter
command.
ottomfraction
The fraction of a page allowed for floats at the bottom of the page. Default: 0.3. The
enewcommand
is used to change its value.
totalnumber
A counter specifying the maximum number of floats that may appear on a page (in any position). Default: 3. Change with the setcounter
command.
extfraction
The fraction of any page with floats and text that must be occupied with text. Default: 0.2. The
enewcommand
is used to change its value.
floatpagefraction
The fraction of a page that must be occupied with floats. The rest of the page may be occupied with floats or white space. Default: 0.5. The
enewcommand
is used to change its value.
dbltopnumber
A counter specifying the maximum number of double-column floats that may appear at the top of a column in two-column format. Default: 2. Change with the setcounter
command.
dbltopfraction
The fraction of a page allowed for floats at the top of a column in two-column format. Default: 0.7. The
enewcommand
is used to change its value.
dblfloatpagefaction
The fraction of a column that must be occupied with floats in two-column format. The rest of the column may be occupied with floats or white space. Default: 0.5. The
enewcommand
is used to change its value.
floatsep
The separation between adjacent floats on a text page. It is a rubber length. Default: 0.19in (letter, 0.17in).
extfloatsep
The separation between floats and adjacent text. It is a rubber length. Default: 0.28in. Change with the setlength
command.
intextsep
The vertical space between floats in the middle of a page and the surrounding text. This is a rubber length. Default: 0.19in (letter, 0.17in). Change with the setlength
command.
dblfloatsep
The separation between adjacent floats on a text page in two-column format. It is a rubber length. Default: 0.19in (letter, 0.17in). Change with the setlength
command.
dbltextfloatsep
The separation between floats and the adjacent text in two-column format. It is a rubber length. Default: 0.28in. Change with the setlength
command.
abcolsep
The width of the blank space at the right and left of each tabular column. The space between adjacent columns is twice this value. Default: 0.08in. Change with the setlength
command.
arraycolsep
The width of the blank space at the right and left of each array column. The space between adjacent columns is twice this value. Default: 0.07in. Change with the setlength
command.
arrayrulewidth
The width of the vertical rule | in a tabular
or array
environment. It is also the width of the horizontal lines produced with hline
and cline
. Default: 0.006in. Change with the setlength
command.
doublerulesep
The separation between double rule lines in tabular
or array
environments produced with the | | command or two successive hline
or cline
commands. Default: 0.03in. Change with the setlength
command.
arraystretch
The normal spacing between successive lines in the tabular
or array
environments is multiplied by this value. Default: 1. This value is changed with the renewcommand.
fboxrule
The width of the lines produced by a fbox
or framebox
command. (It does not affect framebox
within the picture
environment.) Default: 0.006in. Change with the setlength
command.
fboxsep
The distance between the rule of a box and its contents produced by the fbox
and framebox
commands. (It does not affect framebox
within the picture
environment.) Default: 0.04in. Change with the setlength
command.