INDEX

  1. Abbreviations and acronyms for chemical ingredients of solid propellants
  2. Ablative cooling and materials
  3. Acceleration of vehicle, terminal
  4. Acoustic velocity, see velocity of sound
  5. Acoustic absorbers, cavities
  6. Action time, see Burning time and action time
  7. Additive manufacturing
  8. Aerodynamic forces, see Drag; Lift
  9. AJ -10- 118I rocket engine, for Delta 2 launch vehicle upper stage
  10. Aerospike engine, see Nozzle, aerospike
  11. Aging of solid propellant
  12. Air launched rocket
  13. Altitude
    1. test facilities
    2. variation of atmospheric air
    3. properties (Appendix 2)
    4. variation of thrust with
  14. Aluminum or aluminum powder
  15. Ammonium nitrate (AN), Tab. 13–19
  16. Ammonium perchlorate (AP), see Particle size.
  17. Apogee, definition
  18. Applications of plume technology
  19. Applications of rocket propulsion
  20. Apsidal drift, Fig. 4–12
  21. Arcjet, see Electric propulsion
  22. Area ratio of nozzle, see Nozzle
  23. Atlas space launch vehicle, Fig. 12–2
  24. Atmospheric properties (see Appendix 2)
  25. Attitude control, see Reaction control
  26. Attitude control rocket propulsion or attitude control systems (ACS), see Auxiliary rockets
  27. Automatic engine controls
  28. Auxiliary rocket propulsion systems
    1. also called: Reaction Control Systems
    2. or Attitude Control Systems, see also
    3. thrusters
    4. for electric propulsion
    5. with liquid propellants
    6. with pulsing
    7. with solid propellants
    8. for orbital maintenance

  30. Back-flow barrier see Thermal shield
  31. Baffles, injector
  32. Ballistic missile (ICBM), Fig. 4–10
  33. Battery, see electric power
  34. Bearings (turbopump)
  35. Bell-shaped nozzle, see Nozzle
  36. Beryllium
  37. Binder, see Solid propellants; Grain
  38. Bipropellant, Fig. 6–6
  39. Blast tube, see Nozzle
  40. Blow-back gas barrier, see thermal shield
  41. Blow-down pressurized gas feed system
  42. Bonding of solid propellant grains, see Grain, solid propellant
  43. Booster pump, see Pump
  44. Boron
  45. Boundary layer
  46. Budget for liquid propellants
  47. Burning rate or burn rate, solid propellant; see also grain; solid propellant rocket motors
    1. burning surface contour
    2. with catalyst or burning rate modifier
    3. with acceleration effect
    4. as function of chamber pressure, Fig. 12–6, Fig. 12–7
    5. with erosive burning
    6. exponent or pressure exponent
    7. temperature sensitivity of
  48. Burning time and action time, Fig. 12–13
  49. Burning surface of grain

  51. c* see characteristic velocity
  52. Carbon-carbon
  53. Carbon deposit in cooling jackets
  54. c" (cee star), see Characteristic velocity
  55. Carbon-carbon
  56. Carbon phenolic
  57. Case or solid rocket motor case; see also Nozzle; Solid propellant rocket motor
    1. case of filament-wound fiber reinforced plastic
    2. loads or forces on case
    3. materials for case, Tab. 15–2
    4. metals of
    5. stresses and elongation of
  58. Cathode, Fig. 17–5
  59. Catalyst, Fig. 8–14, Fig. 17–4, Fig. 17–6
  60. Cavitation, see Pump
  61. Chamber (combustion). see heat transfer; thrust chamber,
  62. chamber pressure, Fig. 2–1 of combustion gas
    1. geometry/volume of
    2. pressure loss in narrow chamber, see Table 3–2
    3. wall loads and stresses of
  63. Characteristic chamber length, (L*)
  64. Characteristic speed (electric propulsion)
  65. Characteristic velocity or characteristic exhaust velocity or c*
  66. c* efficiency
  67. Chemical equilibrium
  68. Chemical reaction:
    1. in chamber or in motor case
    2. free energy or chemical potential
  69. Chemical propellant combustion
  70. Chemical rocket propellant performance analysis
  71. Chemical rocket propulsion systems
  72. Choked flow condition
  73. Chugging combustion instability
  74. Classification of:
    1. electric thrusters
    2. hazards,
    3. liquid propellant feed systems
    4. liquid propellants
    5. rocket propulsion systems,
    6. of solid propellants
    7. turbines (turbopumps)
    8. thrust vector controls
    9. valves
  75. Cold gas propellants and thrusters
  76. Combustion; see also Temperature; Solid propellant rocket motors; thrust chambers, analysis /simulation of
    1. efficiency of
    2. gas processes during,
    3. instability of,
    4. control of instabilities
    5. rating techniques
    6. remedy and design
    7. of hybrid propulsion
    8. of liquid propellants
    9. process of; see Stay time
    10. with solid propellants
    11. stability assessment or rating technique
    12. vibration: longitudinal, radial or tangential
    13. vibration frequency of
  77. Communication signal attenuation
  78. Composite propellant, see Solid propellant(s)
  79. Computers programs for:
    1. combustion analysis
    2. exhaust plume analysis
    3. grain strain analysis
    4. heat transfer
    5. nozzle contour
    6. rocket engine control
  80. Conical/bell shaped nozzle, see also Nozzle
  81. Continuum flow regime
  82. Controls for rocket engines
  83. Conversion factors and constants, (Appendix 1)
  84. Cooling with liquid propellant see also radiation cooling, regenerative cooling, thrust chamber, in cooling jackets
    1. heat transfer
  85. Copper alloy, Table 8–3
  86. Correction factors:
    1. for exhaust velocity
    2. for thrust
  87. Cost savings or reduction
  88. Cracks in grain, see Failure modes
  89. Criteria for selection of optimum propulsion system
  90. Cryogenic liquid propellants
  91. Cumulative damage of solid propellants
  92. Curing agents for solid propellant
  93. Cut-off, see thrust termination

  95. Deep space flight
  96. Deflagration
  97. Delivered performance parameters, four sets of
  98. Delta space launch vehicle, see also RS-68
  99. Density of air at altitude; see Appendix 2, Specific gravity of atmosphere
  100. Density specific impulse see also specific impulse
  101. Desaturation of flywheels (gyroscopes)
  102. Design calculation examples for:
    1. hybrid propellant rocket
    2. liquid propellant thrust chamber
    3. solid propellant motor
  103. Detonation, see Solid propellant, detonation
  104. Discharge:
    1. coefficients for injectors
    2. correction factor for propulsion system
  105. Double base propellant
  106. Drag coefficient
  107. Drag force
  108. Ducted rocket
  109. Duty cycle, see also pulsing

  111. Earth's atmosphere, Appendix 2
  112. Earth's parameters
  113. Effective exhaust velocity: see Exhaust velocity
  114. Electric propulsion, Fig. 2–5, Tab. 2–1, Tab. 17–1. 17–2. 17–7.
    1. applications and missions of, Fig. 17–1
    2. arcjet, Fig. 1–8, Tab. 17–7,
    3. electromagnetic or magnetoplasmadynamic thruster, Tab.2–1, Tab.17–1, Tab 17–7
    4. electrostatic or ion thruster, Fig. 1–9, Tab. 2–1, Tab. 17–1
    5. ionization schemes, Tab. 17–5
    6. electrothermal
    7. flight performance
    8. Hall effects thrusters
    9. performance data
    10. power (magnitude)
    11. power conditioning/conversion
    12. power supply and power sources
    13. pulsed plasma
    14. resistojet
    15. thruster types.
    16. typical propellants for, Tab. 17–1
  115. Electrostatic discharge
  116. Elliptical orbit
  117. Energy and Efficiencies
    1. energy balance, Fig. 2–2
    2. of orbiting satellite
    3. combustion efficiency
  118. Engine, see Liquid Propellant Rocket engine
  119. Engine cycles
  120. Enthalpy, chemical reaction
  121. Environment see Hazards; Rocket exhaust plumes
  122. Equation summary, (Appendix 3)
  123. Erosive burning, see Burning rate
  124. Escape from solar system
  125. Escape velocity from earth
  126. Exhaust gas, exhaust jet, flame, see Rocket
  127. exhaust plume, Chapter 20
  128. Exhaust nozzle, see Nozzle
  129. Exhaust velocity, see Nozzle, effective
  130. exhaust velocity; Nozzle, exit velocity
  131. Expander engine cycle
  132. Expansion-deflection nozzle
  133. Explosive ingredients of solid propellants, see also HMX, Nitrocellulose, Nitroglycerine
  134. Expulsion efficiency
  135. Extendible nozzle

  137. Failure modes of solid rocket motors (cracks and debonding)
  138. Failure sensing
  139. Failures, post-accident procedures
  140. Falcon space launch vehicle, propulsion system see front cover
  141. Feed systems, liquid propellants, see also tanks electric propulsion
    1. gas pressurized, with pressure
    2. regulator; see also blow-down
    3. feed system
    4. turbopump feed system
  142. Filaments for motor cases
  143. Filament wound cases
  144. Film coefficient (heat transfer):
    1. gas
    2. liquid
  145. Film cooling with liquid propellants
  146. Finite element analysis
  147. Flame, see Combustion; Rocket exhaust plume
  148. Flap in liner (also called boot); see also Grain, Solid propellant rocket motors
  149. Flexible nozzle bearing, see Thrust vector control
  150. Flexible pipe joint
  151. Flight; see also Application; Drag; Lift; Spacecraft; Vehicle velocity
    1. ballistic missiles
    2. forces acting on the vehicle
    3. interplanetary
    4. maneuvers
    5. motions
    6. performance, chemical propulsion
    7. performance, electrical propulsion
    8. perturbations to space flight path
    9. propulsion effect on vehicle.
    10. rotation maneuvers
    11. in space
    12. stability of
    13. testing
    14. vehicles
    15. velocity and acceleration at burn-out, Fig. 4–7
  152. Flow, see Flow mass below
  153. Flow diagram or flow sheet: see
    1. of manufacturing process for
    2. composite propellants
    3. preliminary design
    4. propulsion system selection
  154. Flow, see also nozzle gas flow isentropic
    1. fuel mass flow (hybrid)
    2. mass (or weight) flow parameters
    3. multiphase flow (gas with liquid drops and/or solid particles)
    4. supersonic, sonic, subsonic flow, Fig. 3–1, Tab. 3–1
  155. Flywheels
  156. Force; see also Thrust
    1. acting on flight vehicle
    2. measurement of
    3. of solar radiation pressure
  157. Free energy or chemical potential
  158. Free molecular flow
  159. Frozen and shifting chemical equilibrium, Fig. 5–1
  160. Fuel cells
  161. Fuel, hybrid rocket
  162. Fuel, liquid propellants
  163. Fuel pumps
  164. Fuel, solid propellants

  166. Gas constant, Tab. 5–10
  167. Gaseous propellant rocket engine, Fig. 2–5
  168. Gas generator; see also Preburner
    1. in engine cycles
    2. with liquid propellant
    3. with solid propellant
  169. Gas pressurized feed system, see Feed system
  170. Gas propellants (cold)
  171. Geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO), see Orbits
  172. Gibbs free energy, see Free energy
  173. Gimbal, bearing
  174. Grain, solid propellant, see also Solid propellant rocket motor
    1. aging of
    2. binder, propellant
    3. bond strength
    4. burning surface area to nozzle throat
    5. area ratio (K) of
    6. cartridge loaded grain, Fig. 12–14
    7. case-bonded grain, Fig. 12–14
    8. configuration and design of–472
    9. definitions/terminology
    10. design
    11. end burning grain
    12. hybrid fuel grain
    13. inhibitor for
    14. insulator, internal, thermal
    15. liner
    16. multiple grains (restartable), Fig. 12–20
    17. perforation, port, or internal cavity, Fig. 12–16
    18. regressive, neutral, or progressive
    19. burning
    20. requirements for
    21. sagging/slumping of large grains, Tab. 12–6
    22. sliver
    23. stress and strain
    24. cumulative damage
    25. stress relief flap or boot
    26. structural design.
    27. surface cracks
    28. tensile strength
    29. thermal cycling, Tab. 12–6
    30. unbonded area
    31. volumetric loading fraction
  175. Graphite
  176. Gravitational attraction
  177. Gravity gradients

  179. Hall thruster
  180. Hazards:
    1. classification
    2. solid propellant explosion,
    3. detonation
    4. solid propellant, fire, deflagration
    5. health
    6. insensitive munitions
    7. liquid propellants and engines
    8. solid propellant
    9. toxic gas exposure limits
    10. toxicity
  181. Health monitoring system
  182. Heat of formation
  183. Heat of reaction
  184. Heat transfer
    1. analysis of
    2. boundary layer
    3. cooling techniques; see also insulation-thermal; radiation cooling; regenerative cooling, film coefficient, liquid propellant thrust chamber cooling,
    4. film cooling: see RD-191
    5. thrust chamber, Fig. 8–11
    6. radiation from exhaust plume
    7. heat transfer to coolant
    8. to liquid propellants
    9. steady state
    10. transient
  185. Helium
  186. Helmholtz resonator.
  187. Hexanitrohexaasaisowurtzitane or CL-20 explosive
  188. HMX (Cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine)
  189. Hohmann transfer orbit
  190. HTPB or Hydroxyl terminated polybutadeine, Fig. 16–2, Tab.16–1
  191. Hybrid propellant rocket propulsion,
    1. advantages/disadvantages
    2. applications and propellants of
    3. combustion instability of
    4. design example of
    5. fuel regression rate
    6. performance analysis and grain configuration
  192. Hydrazine
  193. Hydrocarbon fuels, liquid; see also RP-l fuel, RP-2, see solid propellant binder, plasticizer
  194. Hydrogen.
  195. Hydrogen, peroxide
  196. Hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene, abbreviated as HTPB; see also Polybutadiene
  197. Hypergolic ignition, see Ignition

  199. Ideal rocket propulsion system
  200. Ignition/igniter: analysis and design
    1. of, Fig. 15–16
    2. starting and ignition
    3. hardware
    4. hypergolic (spontaneous)
    5. inadvertent ignition for liquid propellants
    6. propellants for igniters
    7. pyrotechnic, pyrogen for solid propellants
  201. Impulse, see specific impulse; total impulse
  202. Impulse to weight ratio
  203. Inducer (impeller), see pump
  204. Ingredients of solid propellants
  205. Inhibitor for grain
  206. Injector, liquid propellants; see also thrust chamber
    1. baffles of
    2. effect on heat transfer
    3. platelet injector
    4. pintle injector
    5. pressure drop and flow
    6. factors influencing injector behavior
    7. types of
  207. Insensitive munitions
  208. Instability of combustion, see Combustion Instrumentation
  209. Insulation thermal, external
  210. Insulation thermal, internal
  211. Interfaces between propulsion system and vehicle
  212. Internal ballistics
  213. International rocket effort; see also LE-7; RD-120, RD-170, Vulcain
  214. Interplanetary missions, data on planets, propulsion systems for space maneuvers
  215. Ion propulsion, see Electric propulsion
  216. Isentropic flow through nozzles; see also Flow
  217. IUS (Interim Upper Stage) rocket motor (UTC)

  219. Jet, see Rocket exhaust plume
  220. Jetavator, see Thrust vector control
  221. Jet fuel
  222. Jet power of gas plume
  223. Jet vane, see Thrust vector control

  225. Kerosene; see also RP-1, RP-2 fuels
  226. Kinetic energy rate of exhaust

  228. Launch vehicle, see Space launch vehicle LE-7 and LE-5A rocket engines (Japan)
  229. Latch valve, see footnote on page 209, see diagram on page 210
  230. Life time of propulsion system in space
  231. Life limits for liquid propellant rocket engine feed system
  232. Life of thrust chambers/thrusters
  233. Life limits of solid grain/motor see also aging
  234. Life time of electric propulsion
  235. Lift, aerodynamic, see lift force
  236. Liner, see grain
  237. Liquid oxygen, see Oxygen
  238. Liquid propellants, see also fuels: hydrazine, hydrogen; RP-1, kerosene, methane, see also: oxidizers: nitrogen tetroxide,
    1. oxygen, nitric acid
    2. bipropellant,
    3. budget for,
    4. combustion of,
    5. cryogenic propellant
    6. gelled propellant,
    7. hazards of,
    8. heat transfer of,
    9. ignition/start of
    10. mixture ratio of
    11. monopropellant
    12. performance of several bi-propellant combinations, Fig. 5–1 until Fig. 5–6
    13. properties of
    14. storable propellant
    15. topping off, cryogenic propellants
  239. Liquid propellant rocket engines, see also auxiliary rockets, controls, engine cycles, feed systems, heat transfer, tanks: thrust chambers, turbopumps advantages/disadvantages of boost propulsion
    1. calibration of
    2. chamber pressure of
    3. control of
    4. engine cycles of
    5. engine design
    6. engine design, optimization
    7. engines: multiple systems
    8. engine families
    9. engine support structure
    10. gas generators and preburners of
    11. inert mass and center of gravity
    12. with pressurized gas or pump feed
    13. starting, ignition, and thrust build-up of
    14. shut down or termination of
    15. system integration and engine
    16. optimization of
    17. system performance of
    18. thrust chamber or thrusters of
    19. variable thrust of
  240. Lorentz force, electrical propulsion
  241. Low Earth orbit (LEO)

  243. Mach number
  244. Magnetic field flight perturbation
  245. Mandrel for casting solid propellant grain
  246. Maraging steel
  247. Masses of vehicle, definitions
  248. Mass flow; see also flow of gas; flow of liquid propellant
  249. Mass fraction, see propellant mass fraction
  250. Mass ratio, vehicle
  251. Materials and materials properties
  252. MESSENGER space probe, liquid propellant flow diagram
    1. Metals; see also Niobium; Rhenium; Stainless steel; Titanium
  253. Measurement/sensing of data
  254. Methane
  255. Micrometeorology
  256. Migration in solid propellant grain
  257. Minimum smoke solid propellants
  258. Minuteman rocket motor
  259. Missiles, military
  260. Missions, see also requirements
  261. Mission velocity
  262. Mixing of solid propellant
  263. Mixture ratio, see liquid propellant rocket engine; hybrid propulsion
  264. Molecular mass (or weight), Fig. 3–2
  265. Monomethyl hydrazine (MMH)
  266. Monopropellant, see also Thrust chamber, monopropellant
  267. Motor, see Solid Propellant Rocket Motor
  268. Movable nozzle, see Nozzle, extendible or movable
  269. Multistage or multistep rocket vehicles
  270. Multiple propulsion systems

  272. Net positive suction head
  273. Niobium
  274. Nitric acid, and inhibited red fuming nitric acid (IRFNA)
  275. Nitrocellulose (NC)
  276. Nitrogen tetroxide, N2 O4
  277. Nitrous oxide
  278. Nitroglycerine (NG)
  279. Noise of exhaust plume
  280. Nozzle; see also Flow; Mass flow; Liquid
  281. propellant rocket engine; Solid .propellant rocket motor; Specific impulse
    1. aerospike
    2. alignment of
    3. analysis, thermochemical of
    4. nozzle exit area ratio, Fig. 3–1, Fig. 3–3
    5. with bell shape or contour exit
    6. blast tube of, Fig. 12–4
    7. boundary layer of
    8. change in gas composition of, Fig. 5–2, until Fig. 5–5
    9. classification or type of
    10. cone angle correction factor of
    11. critical pressure, temperature, or velocity of
    12. effective exhaust velocity of
    13. energy and efficiency of
    14. energy losses in
    15. erosion of
    16. exit or exhaust velocity,
    17. exit gas composition
    18. extendible nozzle
    19. flow analysis with computers
    20. flow separation within
    21. Gibb's free energy
    22. gimbal or hinge mounted
    23. illustrations of nozzles, Fig. 12–1
    24. insert in nozzle throat, Fig. 15–7, Fig. 15–9
    25. losses
    26. materials, Fig. 8–13, Tab. 8–3, Fig. 8–16; see also ablative materials
    27. multi-phase flow in
    28. multiple nozzles
    29. optimum expansion thrust
    30. coefficient of
    31. over-expanded nozzle
    32. performance correction of
    33. performance parameters/specified
    34. conditions
    35. effect of altitude
    36. pressure drop or pressure ratio
    37. scarfed nozzle
    38. separation of flow in
    39. shape, length, and configuration of
    40. submerged nozzle
    41. throat condition or diameter of
    42. under-expanded nozzle
    43. supersonic, sonic, and subsonic
    44. flow, Tab. 3–1.
    45. theory
  282. Nuclear power generation
  283. Nuclear rocket propulsion
  284. Nucleate boiling heat transfer

  286. Ohm's law
  287. Optimum expansion, see Nozzle, optimum expansion
  288. Optimization studies
  289. Orbits of satellites and spacecraft:
  290. circular
    1. deorbit
    2. elliptical
    3. energy
    4. low earth orbit (LEO)
    5. orbit maintenance
    6. geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO)
    7. injection into orbit, orbit transfer,
    8. space maneuvers, Tab. 17–8.
    9. Hohmann transfer path
    10. low earth orbit (LEO)
    11. orbit maintenance, station keeping
    12. payloads for different orbits, or
    13. flight paths, Tab. 4–5, Fig. 4–16
    14. period of orbit revolution
    15. perturbations of orbits
    16. raising orbit altitude
  291. Oxidizer(s):
    1. liquid
    2. pump for
    3. solid
    4. particles or particulates, size parameters
    5. vibration damping
  292. Oxygen, Fig. 5–6
    1. performance data with LOX-RP-1, Fig. 5–1 to Fig. 5–6
    2. performance data with hydrogen

  294. Payload, payload mass fraction
  295. Pegasus space launch vehicle, Fig. 4–16
  296. Perfect gas law
  297. Performance; see nozzle, effective exhaust velocity; nozzle exit or exhaust velocity; propellant mass fraction; specific impulse:
  298. theoretical, delivered, standard, and
  299. guaranteed performance
  300. correction factors
  301. Perigee, Fig. 4–8
  302. Perturbation of flight path
  303. Pipes or flow lines
  304. Piston expulsion
  305. Pitch, yaw, and roll maneuvers
  306. Planets, sun and moon data
  307. Plasticizers, for solid propellants, Tab. 13–6 and 13–7
  308. Plume, see Chapter 20
  309. Plume shape versus altitude, Table 20–2
  310. Pogo pulsations or feed system instability
  311. Polybutadiene (various), see HTPB, Tab. 13–7, Tab. 13–8,
  312. Polyether, polyester, polyurethane
  313. Port area or cavity, see Grain
  314. Positive expulsion devices
  315. Power conditioning/conversion, see Electric propulsion
  316. Power of jet or plume.
  317. Preburner, see Liquid propellant rocket
  318. engines, gas generators
  319. Pressure, atmosphere
  320. Pressure balance (turbopump), and (calibration)
  321. Pressure exponent, see burning rate
  322. Pressure oscillations, see Combustion instability
  323. Pressure regulators, Fig. 1–3, Fig. 6–3.
  324. Pressurized gas feed system
  325. Propellant, see Liquid propellant; Solid
  326. propellant; for Ignition; Gaseous propellant
  327. Propellant budget
  328. Propellant mass fraction
  329. Propellant tanks, see Tanks
  330. Propellant utilization
  331. Propulsive efficiency
  332. Pulse modulation or pulsing thruster
  333. Pump, see turbopump, ooster pump
    1. cavitation
    2. desirable propellant properties
    3. dual pump inlet
    4. efficiency of
    5. head and suction head of
    6. inducer pump, impeller of
    7. shrouded impeller of
    8. specific speed of
    9. suction specific speed
    10. type or configuration of
  334. Pyrolytic graphite and other high temperature materials

  336. Qualification of rocket propulsion system:
    1. preliminary flight rating test
    2. qualification test

  338. Radiation heat transfer and cooling, Fig. 8–13, Fig. 8–16
  339. Ramjet
  340. Radiation cooled thrusters
  341. Reaction control system (RCS), see also auxiliary rocket engine, Attitude Control System (ACS)
  342. Reduced smoke solid propellant
  343. Rendezvous or docking in space
  344. Reinforced plastics case, Tab. 15–2, see also Carbon-carbon
  345. Reentry and landing of vehicle
  346. Regenerative cooling; see also Thrust chamber
  347. Requirements and constraints for solid propellant rocket motors
  348. Requirements for mission
  349. Residual propellant:
    1. liquid, item 6 on page 400
    2. solid (see slivers)
  350. Resistojet, Fig. 2–4; see Electric propulsion
  351. Retro firing of Falcon SLV, see front cover story
  352. Reusability of propulsion system
  353. Rhenium, Fig. 8–16
  354. RL 10 rocket engine
  355. Rocket engine, see Liquid propellant rocket engine
  356. Rocket exhaust plume
    1. color, luminosity, and spectral
    2. distribution of
    3. appearance and shape
    4. noise
    5. radio signal attenuation of
    6. smoke of
  357. Rocket motor, see Solid propellant rocket motor
  358. Rocket-assisted gun-launched projectiles
  359. Rocket propulsion:
    1. applications, Fig. 17–1, Tab. 17–1, Fig. 17–2
    2. definition
    3. exhaust gas or flame, see Rocket exhaust
    4. plume, Chapter 20
    5. for certain flight maneuvers
    6. testing
    7. types of
  360. Roll or roll maneuver
  361. RP-l fuel (kerosene), Fig. 5–1 to 5–6
  362. RP-2 fuel (more refined kerosene)
  363. RS-27 rocket engine (Aerojet Rocketdyne)
  364. RS-68 rocket engine, for Delta 4 Space
  365. Launch Vehicle (Aerojet Rocketdyne)
  366. Russian engines RD-120, RD-170,
  367. RD-253, see Tab. 11–3; for RD-191 see; for RD-0124 see

  369. Safe and arm device
  370. Safety, see also Hazards, Insensitive
  371. Munitions
  372. Satellite;
    1. orbits/payloads of
    2. period of revolution of
    3. perturbing forces on
    4. velocity of
  373. Seals of turbopumps
  374. Selection of rocket propulsion systems; see also Interfaces of, criteria for
  375. Separation of nozzle flow
  376. Shrouded pump impeller
  377. Shock wave
  378. Silica phenolic
  379. Single stage to orbit
  380. Sliver, residual solid propellant
  381. Sloshing of liquid in tank
  382. Smoke of plume, see rocket exhaust plume
  383. Solar cells
  384. Solar heating propulsion or solar thermal propulsion, Fig. 2–5
  385. Solar propulsion (by radiation pressure) or solar sail
  386. Solid propellant(s), see burning rate;
    1. combustion of
    2. cumulative damage of, see aging
    3. grain
    4. ignition of, see igniter
    5. abbreviations and acronyms for
    6. grain ingredients
    7. aging of
    8. aluminum in
    9. binder for grain
    10. characteristics and behavior of
    11. chemical gas reaction products,
    12. exhaust plume
    13. with small solid particulates
    14. comparison of different types of
    15. composite and composite modified double base
    16. detonation of; see also
    17. deflagration, explosives
    18. double base propellant
    19. gas generator
    20. hazards of
    21. high energy propellant
    22. ammonium nitrate
    23. ammonium perchlorate
    24. explosives; see HMX, RDX, nitrocellulose; nitroglycerine plateau propellants
    25. material characterization, of
    26. migration of certain ingredients
    27. particle size parameters of
    28. plasticizer for
    29. processing or manufacturing of, cast or extruded
    30. representative formulations
    31. safety
    32. rating
    33. smoky, smokeless, or low smoke
    34. stress relaxation modulus of
    35. testing of
    36. thermal cycling of
    37. typical data regions of propellant
    38. categories, Fig. 13–1, Fig. 13–2, and Tab
    39. upper pressure limit of
  387. Solid propellant rocket motors see burning rate; case; grain; ignition; insulation; liner; nozzle; solid propellants action time and burn time
    1. advantages and disadvantages
    2. basic performance relations and data for, Table 12–3
    3. booster motor, strap-on
    4. chamber pressure
    5. combustion of
    6. combustion instability
    7. components of, Figs. 12–1
    8. design approach for
    9. extinction, thrust termination
    10. insulators, liners, and inhibitors of
    11. loads and failure modes of
    12. materials
    13. nozzles of
    14. performance data of
    15. requirements and constraints of
    16. tactical missile rocket motors
    17. temperature limits of
    18. two-pulse motor (restartable)
    19. vortex shedding instability.
    20. weights/masses (typical)
  388. Spacecraft; see also Orbits, Flight, Satellite, Mission velocity
    1. attitude control of, see reaction control
    2. system
    3. maneuvers of
    4. perturbing forces on spacecraft
    5. surface contamination
  389. Space flight, see Flight, Orbits
    1. Space launch vehicles
    2. boostersst stage.
    3. upper stages
  390. Space Shuttle
    1. flight velocity breakdown
    2. main engine
    3. space shuttle start sequence
    4. nozzle, of strap-on solid propellant
    5. booster
    6. reaction control and orbit maneuver system
    7. solid rocket motor/nozzle of
  391. Specifications for rocket propulsion
    1. system,
    2. for propellants
  392. Specific gravity/density
  393. Specific heat ratio
  394. Specific impulse
    1. density specific impulse
    2. theoretical, actual, reference, and
    3. guaranteed values of
  395. Specific power
  396. Specific speed (pump)
  397. Stability:
    1. of combustion
    2. of flight
    3. liquid propellant storage (chemical stability)
  398. Staged combustion cycle, see RD-191
  399. Stage separation during flight
  400. Staging configurations of vehicles
  401. Stagnation pressure and temperature
  402. Standard atmosphere
  403. Starting, see also Controls for rocket engines, Feed systems, Ignition, Thrust chamber
  404. Static rocket system tests, see Testing
  405. Station keeping, see Auxiliary rocket
  406. Systems, Orbits
  407. Stay time or residence time
  408. Stoichiometric mixture of bipropellant
  409. Stop operations, see Thrust termination
  410. Storable liquid propellants
  411. Strand burner for solid propellants
  412. Strap-on motor/engine
  413. Stresses and strains; see also Case; Grain;
  414. Liquid propellant rocket thrust chamber, Solid
  415. propellant rocket motor, Tanks
  416. Structure; see also Interfaces, rocket engine support structure
  417. Suction specific speed, see pumps
  418. Summary of key equations
  419. Sun, data
  420. Supersonic, sonic, and subsonic nozzles
  421. Surface contamination by exhaust plume
  422. Surface tension screens
  423. Sweat cooling
  424. Synchronous satellite
  425. System Engineering, Ch. 18

  427. Tactical missile rocket motor
  428. Tank(s)
    1. expulsion efficiency
    2. positive expulsion during zero g
    3. pressurization
  429. Tank head start
  430. T-burner, solid propellant
  431. Temperature, combustion
    1. chamber temperature
    2. limits for solid propellant grain
    3. storage
    4. sensitivity of solid propellant
    5. (coefficient)
    6. stagnation
    7. variation of physical properties with
  432. Tensile tests on propellant specimen
  433. Testing of rocket propulsion systems, see Chapter 21
    1. facilities and safeguards
    2. flight testing
    3. instrumentation and data management
    4. post-accident procedures
    5. types of tests
  434. Thermal shield, also called Blow-back Gas Barrier
  435. Thermochemical data for carbon monoxide
  436. Thermodynamic properties of chemical constituents
  437. Thermodynamic relations and nozzle flow
  438. Throttling, see Variable thrust
  439. Thrust
    1. acting on vehicle aerospike, see 8th edition
    2. altitude variation of thrust coefficient
    3. correction factor of
    4. equations termination, see Solid propellant rocket
    5. motors, extinction
    6. thrust level control
    7. theoretical, actual, reference, and guaranteed values of variable thrust
  440. Thrust chamber (small ones are called thrusters), see also Combustion, Heat transfer; Injection; Fig. 1–3, Fig. 1–4
    1. Chamber contraction area ratio of, (A1/At), see also cooling, film cooling Fig. 2–1, Regenerative cooling of
    2. Design of
    3. Equations for ideal
    4. Ignition and start up of
    5. Life of
    6. Low thrust (called thrusters); see also Auxiliary rockets; Electric propulsion Materials and fabrication of
    7. Monopropellant, Fig. 2–4
    8. Pulsed or intermittent operation; see also Duty cycle Sample design analysis of
    9. With cooling jacket, with tubes or milled
    10. channels, Fig. 8–15
    11. Volume and shape of
    12. Wall loads and stresses of
  441. Thruster
    1. divert force and thruster
    2. modules of thrusters
    3. Thrust vector control (TVC)
    4. alignment accuracy of
    5. flexible nozzle bearing for
    6. gimbal or hinge of see RD-0124, SSME with injection of secondary fluid
    7. integration with vehicle
    8. jet tabs, Fig. 18–7
    9. side injection
    10. jet vanes
    11. with multiple thrust chambers or nozzles
  442. Thrust to weight ratio
  443. Time to target
  444. Total impulse
  445. Toxicity, see also Hazards, health
    1. health monitoring
    2. toxic gas exposure limits
  446. Toxic propellants
  447. Turbine(s); see turbopump, turbojet
  448. Turbopump, see Pumps; Turbines
    1. booster pump of
    2. design configurations of
    3. feed system of
  449. Two-phase flow

  451. Ullage, definition
  452. Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine
  453. (UDMH)
  454. Useful life of thrust chamber

  456. Valves
  457. Variable thrust applications
  458. Vehicle; see also Missile; Satellite; spacecraft; space launch vehicle,
    1. military rockets, base
    2. geometry, recirculation of,
    3. plume gas
    4. Earth escape velocity
    5. flight performance
    6. forces on
    7. integration with thrust vector
    8. control
    9. satellite velocity
    10. masses of vehicle, definition
    11. multistage
    12. velocity of flight
  459. Velocity (hot gas); see also Nozzle, exit or exhaust velocity; characteristic velocity; specific impulse.
    1. correction factor for
    2. effective exhaust velocity
    3. at nozzle exist
    4. of sound or acoustic velocity
    5. throat velocity
  460. Venturi in pipe line
  461. Vertical flight, such as sounding rocket
  462. Vibration energy absorption
  463. Vibration frequency (of chamber gas), see Combustion
  464. Volume impulse
  465. Volumetric loading fraction
  466. Vortexing of liquid propellants
  467. Vulcain rocket engine (France)

  469. Warm gas propellant
  470. Water hammer
  471. Web thickness and web fraction of grain, Fig. 12–16

  473. Xenon (Xe)

  475. Yaw maneuver
  476. YF-73, YF-75 rocket engines (China)
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