string—Common string operations

The string library contains a number of useful constants and classes, as well as some deprecated legacy functions that are also available as methods on strings.

re—Regular expression operations

The re library provides regular expression matching operations similar to those found in the Perl language. Both patterns and strings to be searched can be Unicode strings as well as 8-bit strings.

StringIO—Read and write strings as files

The StringIO library implements a filelike class that reads and writes a string buffer or memory files (2.x only).

datetime—Basic date and time types

Includes objects such as time, date, timezone, and formatted time/date information.

sets—Extends the set capabilities of Python

Provides classes for constructing and manipulating unordered collections.

pprint—Data pretty printer

Provides the ability to “pretty print” data.

numbers—Numeric abstract base cass

Defines a hierarchy of numeric base classes.

decimal—Decimal fixed point and floating point arithmetic

Offers serveral advantages over the normal ‘float’ datatype.

math—Mathematical functions

Provides functions such as floor, ceil, trigonometric functions, and more.

random—Generate pseudo-random numbers

The random library also provides shuffleing, random sampling functions, and more.

os.path—Common pathname manipulations

Implements useful functions on pathnames.

fileinput—iterate over lines from input streams

Provides helper class and functions to quickly write a loop over standard input or a list of files.

pickle—Python object serialization

Implements powerful algorithm for serializing and deserializing a Python object structure.

anydbm—Generic access to DBM-style databases

Generic interface to varients of the DBM database. This library has been renamed to dbm in Python 3.x.

sqlite3—API interface for SQLite databases

Provides a SQL interface to SQLite databases.

zlib—Compression compatible with gzip

Allows compression and decompression of archives using the zlib library.

gzip—Support for gzip files

Simple interface to compress and decompress files such as the gzip and gunzip programs.

bz2—Compression compatible with bzip2

Provides a comprehensive interface for the bz2 compression library.

zipfile—Work with ZIP archives

Provides tools to create, read, write, append, and list ZIP files.

csv—CSV File Reading and Writing

Implements classes to read and write tabular data is CSV (Comma Seperated Variable) files.

ConfigParser—Configuration file Parser

Implements a basic configuration file parser language, which provides a structure similar to Microsoft Windows INI files. This library has been renamed to configparser in Python 3.x.

hashlib—Secure hashes and message digest algorithm

Implements a common interface to many different secure hash and message algorithms.

md5—MD5 message digest algorithm

Implements an interface to RSA’s MD5 algorithm.

sha—SHA-1 message digest algorithm

Implements an interface to NIST’s Secure Hash Algorithm.

os—Miscellaneous operating system interfaces.

This library provides a portable way of using operating dependent functionality. Provides functions such as chdir, getenv, file open, and file close.

io—Core tools for working with streams

Provides a Python interface to stream handling.

time—Time access and conversions

Provides various time-related functions.

argparse—Parser for commandline options, arguments, and subcommands

Provides an easy method to write command-line interface processing.

curses—Terminal handling for character displays

Provides an interface to the curses library for portable advanced terminal handling. Provides functions such as colored text, positional printing, and screen clearing in a terminal or command window.

logging—Logging library for Python

The logging library provides functions and classes that implement a flexible event logging system. Very useful for debugging.

threading

Provides higher-level threading interfaces.

Multiprocessing—Process-based “threading” interface

Provides support for spawing processing using an API similar to the threading library.

readline—GNU readline interface

Provides a number of functions to facilitate completion and reading/writing history files.

socket—Low-level networking interface

Provides access to the BSD socket interface.

ssl—TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects

Provides access to Transport Layer Security (Secure Sockets Layer) encryption for network sockets.

popen2—Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams

Provides routines to spawn processes and connect to the IO pipes under Unix and Windows.

email—An e-mail and MIME handling package

Library for managing e-mail messages.

json—lightweight data interchange format based on a subset of JavaScript

exposes an API familiar to users of marshal and pickle librarys.

uu—Encode and decode uuencoded files

Provides the ability to encode and decode uuencode format files.

HTMLParser—Simple HTML and XHTML parser

Provides basis for parsing text files formatted in HTML and XHTML. HTMLParser has been renamed to html.parser in Python 3.x.

htmllib—Parser for HTML documents

Provides a class that allows for parsing text files formatted in HTML. Removed in Python 3.

xml.etree.elementtree—ElementTree XML API

Provides a flexable container object that handles XML files.

xml.dom—The Document Object Module API

Provides an easy way to handls DOM XML files.

xml.sax—Support for SAX2 parsers

Provides a number of librarys for SAX.

webbrowser—Convienient Web-browser controller

Provides a high-level interface to allow displaying Web-based documents to users.

cgi—Common Gateway Interface support

Support library for Common Gateway Interface (CGI) scripts.

urllib—Open arbitrary resources by URL

Provides a high-level interface for fetching data across the World Wide Web. Has been split into parts and renamed in Python 3, named urllib.request, urllib.parse, and urllib.error. urllib.urlopen( ) function has been removed in Python 3.x in favor of urllib2.urlopen().

urllib2—extensible library for opening URSs

Provides functions and classes that help opening URLs. Has been split across several modules in Python 3 named urllib.request and urllib.error.

poplib—POP3 protocol client

Provides a class that allows connection to POP3 servers.

audioop—Manipulate raw audio data

Provides useful routines for sound fragments.

wave—Read and write WAV files

Provides a convenient interface to the WAV sound format.

gettext—Multilngual internationalization services

Provides internationalization and localization services with an API.

locale—Internationalization services

Provides access to the POSIX local database and functionality.

Cmd—Support for line-oriented command interpreters

Provides a simple framework for writing line-oriented command intrepers. These are often useful for test harnesses, administrative tools, and prototypes.

shlex—Simple lexical analysis

The shlex class makes it easy to write lexical analyzers for simple syntaxes resembling that of the Unix shell.

Tkinter—Python interface to Tcl/Tk

The Tkinter library is the standard Python to the Tk GUI toolkit.

ttk—Tk-themed widgets

The ttk library provides access to the Tk-themed widget set.

turtle—Turtle graphics for Tk

Turtle graphics is a popular way for introducing programming to kids. It was part of the original Logo programming language developed in 1966 by Wally Feurzig and Seymour Papert.

pydoc—Documentation generator and online help system

Automatically generates documentation from Python librarys. The documentation can be presented as pages of text in a terminal or command window or saved to HTML files.

unittest—Unit testing framework

Supports test automation, aggregation tests into collections.

2to3—Automated Python 2 to Python 3 code translation

A Python program that reads Python 2.x source code and applies a series of “fixers” to transfer it into a valid Python 3.x code set.

pdb—The Python Debugger

This library defines an interactive source code debugger for Python programs. It supports setting breakpoints and single stepping at the source line level.

hotshot—High performance logging profiler

This library provides a nicer interface to the _hotshot C library.

timeit—Measure execution time of small code snippets

This library provides a simple way to time small bits of Python code.

trace—Trace or track Python statement execution

This library allows you to trace program execution, generate annotated statement coverage listings, print caller/callee relationships and list functions executed during a program run.

sys—System-specific parameters and functions

This library provides access to variables and functions that interact with the interpreter.

warnings—Warning control

Supports the use of warning messages in situations in which it is useful to alert the user of some condition in a program where that condition normally doesn’t warrant raising an exception and terminating the program.

codeop

Provides utilities on which the Python read-eval-print loop can be emulated.

code—Interpreter base classes

Provides facilities to implement read-eval-print loops in Python.

zipimport—Import librarys from Zip archives

Adds the ability to import Python librarys and packages from Zip format archives.

runpy—Locating and executing Python librarys

This library is used to locate and run Python librarys without importing them first.

Parser—Access Python parse trees

This library provides an interface to Python’s internal parser and byte-code compiler.

tabnanny—Detection of ambiguous indentation.

This library is intended to be called as a script to check whitespace in a source file.

msilib—Read and write Microsoft installer files

Supports creation of Microsoft Installer (.msi) files.

_winreg—Windows registry access

This library exposes the Windows registry API to Python.

winsound—Sound playing interface for Windows

Provides access to the basic sound-playing functions provided by the Windows platforms.

posix—The most common POSIX system calls

This library provides access to operating system functionality that is standardized by the C Standard and the POSIX standard. Do not import this library directly. Instead, import the os library which provides a portable version of this interface.

pwd—The password database

This library provides access to the Unix user account and password database.

tty -Terminal control functions

This library defines functions for putting the tty into cbrake and raw modes.

MacOs—Access to Mac OS interpreter fetures

This library provides access to MacOS specific functionality in the Python interpreter. Has been removed in Python 3.x.

Easy Dialogs—Basic Macintosh dialogs

Contains simple dialogs for the Macintosh. This library has been removed in Python 3.x.

aetools—OSA Client support

This library contains the basic functionality for the Python AppleScript client. Removed in Python 3.x.

Aepack—Conversion between Python variables and AppleEvent data containers

This library defines functions for converting Python variables to AppleEvent and back. Removed in Python 3.x.

gl—Graphics library interface

Provides access to the Silicon Graphics Graphics library. It is only available on SGI machines and has been removed in Python 3.x.

al—Audio functions on the SGI

Provides access to the audio facilities of the SGI Indy and Indigo workstations. Has been removed in Python 3.x.

sunaudiodev—Access to Sun audio hardware

Provides access to the Sun audio interface. Has been removed in Python 3.x.