- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Citation
- Biography
- Preface to the Third Edition
- Preface to the Second Edition
- Preface to the First Edition
- Part 1: Technology Basics
- Chapter 1: What is Nanotechnology?
- Abstract
- 1.1. Nanotechnology as Process
- 1.2. Nanotechnology as Materials
- 1.3. Nanotechnology as Devices and Systems
- 1.4. Direct, Indirect, and Conceptual Nanotechnology
- 1.5. Nanobiotechnology and Bionanotechnology
- 1.6. Nanotechnology—Toward a Definition
- 1.7. The Nanoscale
- 1.8. Nanoscience
- References
- Further Reading
- Chapter 2: Science, Technology, and Wealth
- Chapter 3: Innovation
- Chapter 4: Why Nanotechnology?
- Chapter 1: What is Nanotechnology?
- Part 2: Nanotechnology Products
- Part 3: Organizing Nanotechnology Business
- Chapter 11: The Realization of Nanotechnology
- Chapter 12: The Business Environment
- Abstract
- 12.1. The Universality of Nanotechnology
- 12.2. The Radical Nature of Nanotechnology
- 12.3. Intellectual Needs
- 12.4. Company–University Collaboration
- 12.5. Clusters
- 12.6. Assessing Demand for Nanotechnology
- 12.7. Technical and Commercial Readiness (Availability) Levels
- 12.8. Predicting Development Timescales
- 12.9. Patents
- 12.10. Generic Business Models
- 12.11. Why Nanotechnology Companies Often Fail
- References
- Further Reading
- Chapter 13: The Fiscal Environment of Nanotechnology
- Chapter 14: The Safety of Nanofacture and Nanomaterials
- Abstract
- 14.1. Public Perception of the Safety of Nanoproducts
- 14.2. Evaluating Risk
- 14.3. Evaluating the Toxicity of Nanomaterials
- 14.4. Characteristic Features of Nano-Objects
- 14.5. Exposure
- 14.6. Penetrability and clearance
- 14.7. Hazard
- 14.8. Variability of Individual Response
- 14.9. Risks to Vital Ecosystems
- 14.10. “Natural” Exposure to Nanoparticles
- 14.11. A Rational Basis for Safety Measures
- 14.12. Bow Tie Diagrams
- References
- Further Reading
- Chapter 15: Regulation
- Chapter 16: Some Successful and Unsuccessful Nanotechnology Companies
- Chapter 17: Global Nanotechnology
- Part 4: Wider and Longer-Term Issues
- Index
Applied Nanotechnology
The Conversion of Research Results to Products
Third edition
Jeremy J. Ramsden
University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK
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