Index
A
78XX series of voltage regulator,
609
79XX series voltage regulator,
609
Active and passive solar energy systems,
1299
control loop design,
1208
impact on inverter power,
1215
technical specifications,
1210
Activated silicon controlled rectifier,
676
electromagnetic actuators,
650
piezoelectric ultrasonic,
650
Adaptive control law,
1125
Adjustable speed synchronous condenser,
869
Antilock breaking system,
649
Application specific integrated circuits (ASIC),
261
Applications of DC transmission,
827
Artificial intelligence-based controllers,
1139
Ann-based controls in power converters,
1149
estimation in induction motor drives,
1141–1149
Asea Brown Boveri (ABB),
240
Automatic circuit recloser (ACR),
1181
Auxiliary inert gases,
576
Axial-airgap/axial-flux machine,
659, 660
B
Back-to-back diode-clamped converter,
462
Ballast,
201, 552, 562, 573, 578, 579, 594, 649, 1179, 1183
factors affecting design,
580
Base resistance-controlled thyristor (BRT),
129
Basic converter topologies,
528
correction capabilities,
537
Batteries,
4, 455, 457, 597, 629, 638, 662, 718, 719, 727, 1331–1355
comparison among types,
639
Bell Telephone Laboratories,
29
Bi-phase half-wave rectifier,
183, 184
Bipolar drive circuits,
970
collector–base junction,
32
Darlington connection,
32
Bipolar mode operation of SIT (BSIT),
137
Bonneville power administration (BPA),
847
Brushless DC machines,
1307
C
Capacitor–inductor stored energy ratio (CIR),
350, 351
Carrier frequency gating,
490
CBEMA tolerance curves,
1181
Characteristic harmonic frequencies,
505
Chopper devices,
39, 41, 113, 128, 250, 251, 262, 323, 345, 492, 504, 763, 886, 896, 920
Chopping-mode control method,
980
Closed-loop operation of inverters,
383
feedback techniques in current source inverters,
389
feedback techniques in voltage source inverters,
386
feedforward techniques in current source inverters,
386
feedforward techniques in voltage source inverters,
383
Color rendering index (CRI),
577
Combining commutation and PWM current control,
955
Comitè Europèen de Normalization (CEN),
1244
Comitè Europèen de Normalization Electro-Technique (CENELEC),
223, 1244
Comité International Special des Perturbations Radioelectriques (CISPR),
1229
Common control techniques,
570
Common source level shifters,
554
Communication principles,
504
commutation failure (CF) or misfire,
838
electronic commutation,
951
Company business cost,
1282
Comparison of CCM shaping techniques,
537
Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor,
1281
Component characteristic map,
1284
Continuously variable speed systems,
759–760
Control schemes
Controllable displacement factor frequency changer,
507
Controller,
718, 727, 728, 734, 736, 737, 755, 799, 800, 955, 959, 1010, 1011, 1013, 1021, 1028, 1262
Controller area network (CAN) IC,
652, 653
Conventional approximator,
1140
Converter arrangements,
4,
Converter group selection and blanking circuit,
503
Converters, resonant, soft-switching,
409–451
converter, active-clamp flyback,
425, 428
converters, power width modulated (PWM),
409
DC–AC power inverters, soft-switching,
440–451
digital signal processor (DSP),
449
intensity pulse density modulation (IPDM),
441
inverter, quasi-resonant soft-switched,
446–449
inverter, resonant dc link,
442, 443
inverter, resonant dc link, active clamped,
443
inverter, resonant dc link, low voltage stress,
444–446
resonant pole inverter (RPI),
449–451
uninterrupted power supplies (UPS),
442
electromagnetic interference (EMI),
410
EMI suppression, soft-switching,
438, 439
extended-period quasi-resonant (EP-QR) converters,
431–438
DC–DC bidirectional flyback converter,
438, 439
DC–DC flyback converter, soft-switched,
438, 439
PFC converter, hard-switched boost type,
431, 435
high power devices, soft-switching, snubbers,
439, 440
safe operating area (SOA),
439
snubber circuits, Mcmurray,
439–441
ICs, customized control,
410
load resonant converters (LRCS),
425–429
parallel resonant converters (PRCS),
429
series resonant converters (SRC),
425, 429
series-parallel resonant converters (SPRC),
429, 433
constant-frequency multi-resonant (CF-MR),
424, 425
zero-current multi-resonant (ZC-MR),
422
zero-voltage multi-resonant (ZV-MR),
422
resonant converters, control circuits,
429–431
insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT),
411
zero-current switching (ZCS),
410, 411
zero-voltage switching (ZVS),
410, 411
ZVS, high frequency, applications,
416–419
Correlated color temperature (CCT),
577
Cost-driven partitioning,
1281
CSI-driven synchronous motor,
938, 942
brushless dc operation of,
939
Cu plated on ceramic (CuPC),
1279
Current distortion limits –subtransmission systems,
1191
Current distortion limits –transmission systems,
1191
Current mode control techniques,
532–535
Current rating of active devices,
3, 20, 29, 31, 50, 181, 447, 457, 477, 1238
normalized sampling frequency,
373, 383
selective harmonic elimination (SHE) in three-phase CSIs,
380, 456
square-wave operation of three-phase CSIs,
368, 380, 383
Current-based maximum power point tracker (CMPPT),
716
circulating-current mode operation,
499
operation with RL load,
498
operation with R-load,
497
single-phase to single-phase,
497
three-phase six-pulse,
501
three-phase twelve-pulse,
501
Cycloconverter drive,
928
D
Darlington pair output stage,
604
converter-dc drive system considerations,
923
representation and characteristics of,
917
DC ripple reinjection,
218
DC–DC converters,
1, 251, 252, 257, 258, 260, 261, 263, 422, 557, 728, 920
converter family tree,
268
hard-switching PWM converters,
249
resonant and soft-switching converters,
249
seven self-lift dc/dc converters,
273, 274
synchronous and bidirectional converters,
258
Dead time,
223, 259, 431, 556, 956, 959, 1055, 1074, 1077, 1086, 1156, 1159
Delayed Ionization Device,
672
Delta modulation control,
536
Device static ratings,
31
Digital signal processors (DSP),
449, 511, 949, 1142, 1155, 1156, 1157, 1158, 1160, 1164, 1168, 1202, 1205, 1280
DSP-based control of permanent magnet synchronous machines,
1161
DSP-based vector control of induction motors,
1170
Diode clamp converter (DCC),
811, 812
Diode-clamped multilevel inverter,
458, 1081
advantages and disadvantages of,
459
ratings
series and parallel connection,
21
standard datasheet for selection,
26
Direct bonded aluminum (DBA),
1279
Direct bonded copper (DBC),
1279
Direct transfer function (DTF) approach,
510
Direct vector control method,
934, 935
Direct vector control with airgap flux sensing,
935
Discretely variable speed systems,
759, 760
Distributed energy resource (DER),
767
Drive circuits for bifilar wound motors,
970, 971
E
Electric machine operation,
950, 951
Electric power conversion,
Electric power steering (EPS) system,
651
Electric power transmission,
1357
Electrohydraulic power steering (EHPS) system,
651
Electromagnetic actuators,
650
factors influencing design,
580
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC),
198, 266, 328, 643, 644, 883, 906, 1229, 1232, 1243
Electromagnetic interference (EMI),
83, 88, 89, 97, 266, 311, 331, 340, 438, 449, 528, 1229, 1230, 1234
Electromagnetic transients program (EMTP),
847, 848
Electromechanical power conversion system,
654
Electronic gate drivers,
559
Electronic power supplies
high ends,
low ends,
switch-mode power supply,
Emission standards for low frequency harmonics,
1244
Emitter Turn-off Thyristor,
677
EnergyStar® program,
European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI),
1244
Extended Kalman Filter,
1116
F
Ferroresonant standby UPS system,
629
implementation of field-oriented speed control of induction motor,
1172
capacitive-input dc filters,
164–166
inductive-input dc filters,
162–164
Finite element models,
85–87
Fixed-frequency PWM controllers,
623, 625
methods of generation,
558
Fluorescent lamps,
201, 549, 573, 576, 577, 578, 580, 582, 593, 598, 1179, 1183, 1187
Flyback converter,
39, 166, 176, 255, 256, 262, 425, 438, 539, 541, 542, 571, 649, 743
operating properties,
615
Flying-capacitor multilevel inverter,
459, 460
advantages and disadvantages,
460
Flywheel,
41, 166, 169, 171, 631, 638, 639, 657, 664, 278, 739, 1261
Force-commutated pulse width modulated (PWM) rectifiers,
205
frequency link systems,
237
topologies for high power applications,
237
Forced commutated inverter (FCI),
891, 892
Forward two-quadrant (F 2Q) Luo-converter,
306
Four-quadrant dc/dc Luo-converter,
309, 326
Four-quadrant ZVS quasi-resonant dc/dc Luo-converter,
331, 335
Freewheeling diode,
21, 78, 80, 127, 128, 164, 446, 450, 492, 512, 970, 976, 1164
Fuel cell,
2, 262, 263, 455, 457, 482, 484, 639–640, 663, 764, 767–769, 771, 774, 779, 785
Fuel-cell based energy systems for DG,
767, 785
Fuel cell power plants,
1322
Full-bridge based topology,
743
Full-bridge resonant inverter,
582
Fuzzy inference system (FIS),
1117
steps in development of,
1125
Fuzzy logic control of switching converters,
1106
fuzzy logic controller synthesis,
1108
G
Gate control Luo-resonator,
346
Gate-controlled series capacitor,
816
Gate controlled thyristor,
670, 676
Gate drive circuit,
82–84, 95, 103, 107, 200, 416, 454, 549, 551, 552, 553, 555, 559, 564, 729, 1172, 1250, 1251, 1254
new gate drive circuits,
83
Gate turn-off (GTO) thyristor,
10, 11, 13, 84, 87, 92, 94, 95, 98, 101, 103–105, 111, 120, 121, 128, 487, 550, 670, 676, 794, 798, 916, 938, 1082
basic structure and operation,
117, 118
power devices used in the VSD converters,
889
SPICE sub-circuit model,
123
static characteristics
gate triggering characteristics,
120
off-state characteristics,
120
on-state characteristics,
119
rate of rise of off-state voltage,
120
turn-off circuit arrangement,
122
General structure of a three-phase ac motor controller,
1156
General Trade Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT),
1243
analog tachogenerators,
962
constant frequency generators,
244
conventional fuel generators,
723
high slip induction generator,
761
permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG),
762
squirrel-cage induction generator,
762
tandem induction generator,
761
wound rotor induction generator (WRIG),
754, 762
Geothermal energy systems,
1318
Glass-epoxy with plated through holes (FR-4, PTH),
1279
Glass-epoxy with surface mount pads (FR-4, SMT),
1279
Green technology,
993, 1002, 1007, 1009, 1011, 1020, 1025, 1026, 1032, 1033
Grid-compatible inverters,
748
Grid-controlled mercury-arc rectifiers,
495
Grounding,
35, 621, 648, 740, 816, 1180, 1181–1183, 1192, 1241, 1242
GTO thyristor-controlled series capacitor (GCSC),
870, 871
H
H-bridge,
8, 240, 245, 246, 456–458, 461, 513, 649, 650, 903, 911, 919, 951, 992–994, 960
high efficiency method,
955
Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL),
518
recommended practices,
1190
special configurations,
217
Harmonics,
1090, 1104, 1105, 1193–1197, 1200, 1202, 1204, 1210–1213, 1216, 1218–1220
Harris semiconductors (Intersil),
126, 129
High frequency inverter,
787
High power factor electronic ballasts,
594, 595
High temperature (HT) packaging,
1285
High voltage dc power supply,
568
High voltage direct current (HVDC) systems,
756, 819, 823, 824, 828–832, 834, 835, 837, 839, 842, 843, 846, 848
High-frequency current-ripple reduction,
775
High-frequency diode rectifier circuits
design consideration,
176
guidelines, selection of diodes,
181
High-pressure mercury vapor lamps,
577
High-pressure sodium lamps,
577, 578
Home and industrial lighting,
598
main components of HVDC converter station,
829–832
effects of the passive filter quality factor,
1224
effects of the passive filter tuned factor,
1225
influence of the power system equivalent impedance on,
1224
principles of operation,
1211
Hydroelectric energy,
1298
Hydrogen-based fuel-cell energy,
785
Hysteresis band current control (HBCC),
954, 959
I
Incremental conductance technique (ICT),
715
Indirect rotor flux oriented control (IFOC) method,
934
Indirect transfer function (ITF) approach,
510
characteristics and methods of control,
924–931
steady-state representation,
923
Injection enhanced gate transistor,
670, 676
Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT),
10, 11, 13, 29, 30, 43, 73–75, 125, 550–551, 670, 675
basic structure and operation,
74
dynamic switching characteristics,
78
turn-off characteristics,
78, 79
turn-on characteristics,
78
forward conduction characteristics,
75, 76
performance parameters,
80–82
clamped inductive load current,
80
collector–emitter blocking voltage,
80
collector–emitter leakage current,
81
collector–emitter saturation voltage,
81
continuous collector current,
80
emitter–collector blocking voltage,
80
forward transconductance,
81
gate–emitter threshold voltage,
81
junction temperature,
19, 26, 31, 52, 80, 94, 98, 102, 104–106, 119, 120, 1285
maximum power dissipation,
80, 102
output capacitance,
53, 55, 81, 86, 258, 416, 419, 422, 555, 779, 780
peak collector repetitive current,
80
reverse transfer capacitance,
53, 81
rise time (
tr),
34, 78, 81, 106, 128, 497, 562, 905, 906, 970, 980, 1012, 1015, 1016
Insulated metal substrate –polymer on metal (IMS-PM),
1276
Insulated metal substrate –steel corded (IMS-PS),
1276
Insulation test bench,
347
Integrated gate commutated thyristor,
670, 677
Intelligence-based systems
Interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines,
658, 659
Interline power flow controller (IPFC),
873
Internal combustion engine (ICE) automobiles,
644, 660
International Commission on Illumination,
574
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC),
1229, 1243
INTERSIL's HIP2500 bridge driver,
562
Inverse Recovery Diode,
672
Inverters,
582, 589, 593, 598, 723, 726, 730, 731, 733, 740, 741, 748–750, 767
battery-less grid-connected PV system configurations,
747
other PV inverter topologies,
742
ITIC tolerance curves,
1182
J
Junction field effect transistor (JFET),
77, 135
K
Kirchhoff’s voltage law,
L
Latching,
10, 52, 78, 83, 91, 94, 95, 100, 109, 127, 128
Lateral punch-through transistor (LPTT),
135, 140
Level-shifting circuit,
552
Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm,
1141
Light-Triggered Thyristor,
676
Lighting control circuits,
116
Line-commutated controlled rectifiers (thyristor rectifiers),
205
Line impedance stabilization network (LISN),
647, 1233
types of compensation,
1045
compensator selection and design,
1046
Linear IC voltage regulators,
608
Linear vs switching regulators,
610, 611
Lithium-ion batteries,
639
Load commutated inverter (LCI),
885, 891
Logic and trigger circuit,
503
Low drop-out voltage (LDO) regulators,
249
Low-pressure sodium lamps,
577, 578
The Lundell/claw-pole alternator,
654
Luo-converter triplelift circuit,
347
M
Matrix converter motor (MCM),
515
Matrix converters,
8, 487, 488, 507–514, 517, 518, 889, 891, 902, 1062, 1091, 1092, 1097
Medium voltage PWM-VSI,
902
Metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET),
3, 4, 10, 12, 13, 29, 30, 43, 50–58, 60–71, 73–78, 80–82, 84–87, 92, 97, 106, 109, 110, 125–132, 236, 250, 259, 310, 311, 336, 347, 351, 416, 431, 476, 508, 549–551, 552, 557, 559, 562–564, 571, 573, 580, 593, 601, 611, 650–654, 662, 728, 730, 731, 735, 741, 888, 889, 916, 919, 955–957, 962, 970, 1074, 1076, 1077, 1156, 1250–1255, 1280
current MOSFET performance,
68
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor,
670, 673
MOS Controlled Thyristor,
677
MOS Turn-Off Thyristor,
677
MOSFET large-signal model,
67
regions of operation,
50, 53
turn-off characteristic of,
57, 63
Method of energy balance,
6,
Mixed-level hybrid multilevel converter,
461
Mixed mode circuit simulators,
74
Modulating techniques,
357–359, 361, 363, 364, 368, 372, 376, 380, 384, 386, 394, 395, 398, 400–402, 404, 405
MOS controlled thyristor (MCT)
comparison of MCT with other power devices,
127
MOS turn-off (MTO) thyristor,
130, 889
MPPT controller algorithm,
715
Multi stack variable-reluctance motor,
967
Multicell topologies,
395
Multichip modules (MCMs),
1275
bipolar current voltage sources,
345, 346
four energy-storage elements resonant power converters,
340
three energy-storage elements resonant power converters,
340
two energy-storage elements resonant power converters,
339
Multifunction ceramic (MFC) capacitors,
1234
Multilayer feedforward ANN,
1144
Multilevel cascaded H-bridge converters
advantages and disadvantages of,
457, 458
Multilevel converter design example,
474
Multilevel converter PWM modulation strategies,
463
Multilevel converters,
455, 456, 460–463, 474, 482, 484, 742, 812, 1082, 1085
Multilevel inverter drive (MLID),
482
Multi-quadrant ZCS quasi-resonant Luo-converters,
267, 327, 328
four-quadrant ZCS quasi-resonant Luo-converter,
331
two-quadrant ZCS quasi-resonant Luo-converter in forward operation,
328
two-quadrant ZCS quasi-resonant Luo-converter in Reverse Operation,
329
Multi-quadrant ZVS quasi-resonant Luo-converters,
267, 331
two-quadrant ZVS quasi-resonant DC/DC Luo-converter in forward operation,
331, 332
Multistage inverters,
394
Multiple-lift push–pull switched-capacitor Luo-converters
P/O multiple-lift (ML) push–pull (PP) switched capacitor
N/O multiple-lift push–pull switched-capacitor DC/DC Luo-converter,
321, 322
Multiple-quadrant operating Luo-converters,
305
N
National electric code (NEC),
1182
Naturally commutated cycloconverter (NCC),
506, 516
Near-shore ocean wave energy harvesting,
1314
Necessary distortion terms,
505
Neodymium–iron-boron magnetic materials,
943, 949
Neural function approximator,
1140
Neutral-point-clamped PWM inverter (NPC-PWM),
811
Non-isolated electronic level shifted drivers,
549, 561–562
O
Off-line trained ANN,
1143
Off-shore ocean wave energy harvesting,
1313
On-line output current control in multilevel inverters,
1090
Overmodulation,
235, 359, 361, 364, 368, 379, 380, 400, 403, 466, 468, 518, 1154
P
Pancake ironless armature,
943, 961
Parallel hybrid energy systems,
736, 738
Parallel inverter power rating,
478
Parasitic capacitance,
52, 53, 67, 140, 142, 166, 171, 422, 578, 1230, 1231
Passive power factor corrector,
527
Peak current-mode control,
625
Peak inverse voltage (PIV),
19, 150
Performance evaluation,
634
Permanent dc magnet motors without brushes,
733
Permanent-magnet ac synchronous motor drives,
943
Permanent magnet alternating current (PMAC) motors,
1161
Permanent-magnet brushless dc (PM BLDC) motor,
945, 949, 950
permanent-magnet ac machines,
949
sensorless operation of,
946
Permanent magnet dc motors with brushes,
733
Permanent-magnet stepper motors,
968
Permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM),
658, 659, 753, 758, 761, 762, 898, 949, 984, 1155, 1165, 1307, 1308
implementation of the PMSM algorithm using the LF2407,
1169
PMSM control topology,
1168
Perturb and observe (PAO) method,
715
Photovoltaic cell, module, and arrays,
1299
Piezoelectric ultrasonic motors,
650
surface-magnet motors,
944
p–n junctions,
51, 91, 92, 96, 103, 140, 724, 1230, 1250, 1280
Point of common coupling (PCC),
524, 1191
Poly-phase diode rectifiers,
154, 159
poly-phase design parameters,
159
six-phase parallel bridge rectifier,
160, 161
six-phase series bridge rectifier,
160, 161
Power conditioning units (PCU),
734
Power devices,
10, 11, 43, 50, 71, 85, 89, 96, 107, 114, 125, 127, 409–411, 416, 439–444, 447, 450, 524, 552, 726, 888, 1159
maximum switching frequency,
975
power devices available,
888
Power electronic circuits,
8, 74, 84, 88, 261, 456, 645, 647, 649, 650, 658, 662, 762, 1192, 1256
classification,
key characteristics,
method of energy balance,
reliability objective,
3,
Power electronic conditioner,
794
Power electronic converter block,
916
Power electronic converters,
17, 549–551, 563, 573, 723, 754, 797, 847, 848, 916, 1192, 1229–1231, 1235, 1238, 1241, 1244
Power electronic interfaces for ocean energy harvesting,
1311, 1318
Power electronic system,
2, 3, 8, 13, 38, 44, 74, 84, 87, 88, 524, 525, 544, 549, 550, 645, 648, 665, 732, 1192, 1232, 1234, 1235, 1269
Power electronics,
749, 750, 753, 756, 759, 760, 761, 763, 843, 844, 851, 853, 892, 895, 911, 984, 1234, 1250, 1333, 1345
characteristics,
definitions,
Power electronics for photovoltaic power systems
basics of photovoltaics,
724
types of PV power systems,
726
Power electronics laboratory,
503
Power factor (PF),
130, 153, 164, 165, 183, 216, 225, 226, 228, 231, 234, 263, 363, 374, 394, 402, 433, 435, 436, 492, 498, 499, 502, 506, 507, 511, 524, 578, 579
grid connection conditioning system,
803
harmonic limiting standards,
595
improved electrical system power factors,
883
power factor and harmonics,
491
Power factor correction (PFC) technique,
184, 196, 200, 263, 433, 435, 436, 524, 526, 527, 528–531, 532, 533, 535, 536, 537, 541
Power junction field effect transistor,
670, 677
Power quality,
630, 634, 717, 741, 749, 750, 791, 809, 831, 1009, 1180, 1182, 1183
power quality analyzers,
1186
Power rectifiers using multilevel topologies,
244
Power semiconductors,
550, 661, 669, 670, 679, 680, 682, 687, 798, 1038, 1055, 1058, 1061, 1206, 1250, 1275, 1280
diepower semiconductors,
563
power losses in power semiconductors,
197
sliding-mode control,
1058
POWEREX's M57959L bridge driver,
517, 562
Power supply,
165, 193, 202, 205, 444, 524, 530, 541, 553, 555, 567, 568, 570, 601, 603, 627, 740, 755, 887
Public utility board (PUB),
349
Pulse density modulation (PDM),
132, 1205
Pulse width modulation (PWM),
12, 357, 359, 361, 363, 364, 368, 369, 383, 397, 1159, 1194–1197, 1211, 1213
Pulse width modulator transfer functions,
1044
Pulsed Power,
669, 670, 673, 674, 676, 678, 681, 682, 683, 684, 686, 687, 689, 690, 702
Punch-through emitter (PTE),
135, 140
Push–pull based topology,
720
PV charge controllers,
727
PWM flyback converter,
255
PWM phase-to-phase voltages,
227–228
PWM switching converter drive/choppers,
920, 921
PWM techniques,
373, 376, 400, 403, 443, 444, 463, 466, 468, 510, 636, 740, 846, 904, 1153
R
Rectification, filtering, and regulation in a dc power supply,
601
Regenerative braking,
41, 114, 202, 219, 243, 311, 323, 328, 331, 457, 657, 895, 908, 922, 928
Remote area power supplies (RAP),
735, 738
Renewable energy interface,
482
Resonance,
581, 591, 649, 650, 859, 870, 891, 962, 970, 1046, 1187–1189, 1193, 1225, 1234
Resonance charging technique,
569
Reverse recovery process,
21
Reverse two-quadrant operating (R 2Q) Luo-converter,
307, 308
Ripple-mitigating power conditioner,
768
Rotor connected power conditioner,
804
Rotor flux oriented control (RFOC) induction motor drive,
934, 1139
S
SAE standards J1113/41 and J1113/42,
647
Sawtooth carrier wave,
514
Scalar control methods,
931
Schmitt trigger comparator,
128
basic structure and operation,
92
static characteristics,
94–97
Secondary ripple filter,
1213
Semi-autogenous (SAG) grinding mills,
516
Semiconductor opening switch,
671
Semiconductor power integrated circuits,
1279, 1280
Semiconductor series stacks,
679
Semiconductor-switching network,
44
Semiconductors,
10, 951, 956, 957, 1038, 1054, 1055, 1058, 1060, 1061, 1062, 1064, 1065, 1067, 1195, 1275, 1280
characteristics of power devices,
10
Semiconductors switches,
29, 703
operating regions,
30, 31
compensation characteristics,
1212
power circuit structure,
1211
power circuit topology,
1212
principles of operation,
1211
Series hybrid energy systems,
736
Series-parallel/delta conversion UPS,
630
Silicon avalanche sharpener,
672
Silicon carbide technology,
550
Silicon control rectifier (SCR),
144, 487–491, 493, 495, 497, 500, 501, 506, 514, 549, 550, 888
Silicon semiconductor material,
725
Simulation of sensorless vector control using PSpice
®,
1263
Simulation tools for design and analysis,
1249
Simulations of power electronic circuits,
1256–1259
Simulations using Simplorer
®,
1269
Single-ended isolated flyback regulator,
611
Single-ended isolated forward regulators,
615
Single-phase ac–ac voltage controller,
488, 491
Single-phase diode rectifiers,
149
full-wave rectifiers,
149
half-wave rectifiers,
150
performance parameters
current relationships,
152
transformer utilization factor,
153
voltage relationships,
151
Single-phase voltage source inverters,
359
Single-pulse mode of operation,
982, 983
Sinusoidal pulse width modulation,
233
Sliding-mode control of switching converters,
1038, 1058
Slow switching frequency changer (SSFC),
506
Soft starters for induction generators,
756
Soft-switched multilevel converter,
461
Solar energy constant,
724
Solar energy conversion,
1298
Space charge limiting load (SCLL),
142, 144
Space vector modulation (SVM),
373, 382, 456, 464, 509–511, 815, 1054, 1055, 1153, 1154, 1156
Speed control algorithm,
1169
Squirrel cage induction motor,
882, 888, 890, 896, 897, 931, 1001, 1144, 1170, 1307, 1309
Staircase waveform quality,
455
Standby/emergency generation,
627–629
STATCOM control techniques,
863, 864
Static induction diode (SID),
139
Static induction MOS transistor (SIMOS),
141, 142
short switching time,
139
bipolar mode operation of SI devices (BSIT),
137
junction field effect transistor (JFET),
135
Static induction transistor logic (SITL),
135, 140, 144
Static Scherbius system,
763
Static switching systems,
114
Static synchronous compensator,
861
Static synchronous series compensator,
869
Static var compensators (SVC),
523
Static var compensators STATCOM,
818
Steady-state frequency regulation,
1180
Steady-state voltage regulation,
1180
Step-down (buck) converter
transformer versions of
full-bridge converter,
253
half-bridge converter,
253
Step-up (boost) converter,
254
Super-lift (SL) Luo-converters,
292
N/O cascade boost-converters (CBC),
301
N/O super-lift Luo-converters,
296
P/O cascade boost-converters (CBC),
298
P/O super-lift Luo-converters,
292
Surface-magnet synchronous motor,
944
Switch,
power handling rating,
real switches,
Switch matrices,
Switch-mode converter,
715
Switched-capacitor converters,
322, 326
Switched-capacitor (SC) DC/DC converters,
266
Switched-capacitor multi-quadrant Luo-converters,
310, 311
Switched hybrid energy systems,
737
Switched-inductor (SI) DC/DC converters,
266
Switched mode power supply (SMPS),
127, 1187
advantages and disadvantages of,
974
principle of operation,
973
linearized state-space averaged model,
1041
switched state-space model,
1039
Synchronizing circuit,
503
Synchronous link reactor,
1210
Synchronous motor (excited),
916
Synchronous motor (PM),
916
steady-state equivalent-circuit representation,
936
Synchronous-rectifier (SR) DC/DC converters,
266, 335
Synchronous reluctance motor drives,
984
basic mathematical modeling,
987
Syncrel drive system,
989
System in package (SIP),
1275
System on chip (SOC),
1275
System on package (SOP),
1275
T
Tail-current amplitude,
131
Tapped inductor (Watkins–Johnson) converters,
275
Techniques of level shifting,
552
TelCom Semiconductor Inc.,
562
Thermoelectric energy,
1296
Thick film on ceramic (TFC),
1279
Three-phase ac–ac voltage controllers,
492
fully controlled three-wire,
493
Three-phase diode rectifiers,
154
bridge rectifiers
high power applications,
157
double-star rectifier,
157
inter-star or zig-zag rectifier circuit,
156
Three-phase voltage source inverters,
367, 1054
DC Link current in three-phase VSI,
373
load-phase voltages in three-phase VSI,
375
selective harmonic elimination,
371
sinusoidal PWM with zero sequence signal injection,
368, 369
space-vector (SV)-based modulating techniques,
372
square-wave operation of three-phase VSI,
368
Thyristor-controlled inductor (TCI),
115
Thyristor-controlled phase angle regulator (TCPAR),
859, 861
Thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR),
527, 857
Thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC),
859, 870
Thyristor converter drive,
919
Thyristor-switched series capacitor (TSSC),
858
Topologies converter,
1277
Total harmonic distortion (THD),
164, 188, 192, 194, 225, 266, 350, 457, 466, 473, 502, 506, 524, 627, 634, 798, 811, 817, 863, 1200
Transients,
861, 1179, 1180, 1182, 1185, 1186, 1193, 1229, 1240, 1256
Transistors,
3, 10, 13, 29, 30, 32, 34, 35, 38, 39, 73, 140, 142, 143, 231
dynamic switching characteristics,
34, 78, 97
power-npn and -pnp bipolar transistors,
29–30
SPICE simulation of,
38, 39
Trapezoidal back-emf waveform,
944, 945
U
continuous conduction mode,
303
discontinuous conduction mode,
305
negative output Luo-converters
positive output Luo-converters,
275
simplified positive output Luo-converters
Unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) topology,
630
performance comparison of,
634
Unipolar drive circuits,
970
Unity displacement factor frequency changer (UDFFC),
506
Universal power converter,
509
Unnecessary distortion terms,
505
Unrestricted frequency changer (UFC),
506
V
VAR compensators,
29, 103, 107, 114, 357, 358, 523, 740, 764, 827, 1179
Variable ratio transmission (VRT),
760
Variable speed control of AC machines,
1156
Variable speed drive (VSD),
222, 459, 562, 762, 881–883, 885, 895, 900, 910, 917, 923, 936, 946, 974, 989, 1155, 1161
classification by applications,
888
classification by the type of converter,
888
classification by type of power device,
888
drive classifications and characteristics,
887
drive specifications,
887
improved process control,
883
Venturini vs SVM method,
511
Voltage–current characteristic curves,
32
Voltage distortion limits,
1191
Voltage lift Luo-converters,
275
Voltage source inverter (VSI),
357–361, 364, 368, 371, 373, 380, 383, 386, 390, 394, 740, 741
Voltage-source voltage-controlled PWM rectifier,
229, 232, 233
W
Wave energy harvesting,
1295
West German Standards (VDE),
223
Wind energy conversion systems,
1305
basics of wind power,
751
control of wind turbines,
757
electrical system of a wind farm,
815, 816
horizontal-axis wind turbine,
791
offshore and onshore wind turbines,
818
types of wind generators,
753
types of wind power systems,
755
types of wind turbines,
751
variable speed pitch wind turbine,
796
X
Z
Zener diode regulator,
19, 603