Picture credits

Front cover: Courtesy of iStockphoto.com/hougaardmalan #9912085

Figure 1.2 ©iStockphoto.com/AndreasReh # 2583291. 1.3 (image of spectrum) Reprinted with permission from The Colour Group (GB) 1.8 ©iStockphoto.com/johan63 # 5392161. 1.13 ©iStockphoto.com/ Nikada # 9410711. 1.16 Image courtesy of Gossen Foto-und Lichtmesstechnik GmbH. 1.21 Reprinted with permission from The Colour Group (Great Britain). 1.25 ©iStockphoto. com/ syagci # 9248138. 1.27 ©iStockphoto.com/ Zocha_K # 3912423. 1.29 ©iStockphoto.com/ Enjoynz #10814645. ©iStockphoto.com/Jangeltun #10009077. 2.1 (a) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, KjellBrynildsen, image# 3070189, (b) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, LongHa2006, # 2157020, (c) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, ZoneCreative, image# 3568468, (d) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, hartcreations, image# 1873049, (e) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, fabphoto, image# 2958829. 2.2 (a) ©iStockphoto.com/bbee2000 # 2554348 (b) ©iStockphoto.com/Ronen #3194711 (c) ©iStockphoto. com/hayesphotography # 750925 (d) ©iStockphoto.com/Joss #1189476 (e) ©iStockphoto/Nikada #1191476. 2.6 8.4, 8.5, 8.9, 8.10, 8.26, 8.28, 8.30, 8.32 image © Elizabeth Allen image 2.10 ©iStockphoto.com/xxmmxx #14071097 2.13 ©iStockphoto.com/largeformat4x5 2.16 Image courtesy of Better Light Inc. 3.14 Courtesy of Carl Zeiss. 3.18 Courtesy Rodenstock Photo Optics. 3.21 The terms and defnitions taken from ISO 12233:2000 Photography – Electronic still-picture cameras – Resolution measurements, Figure 1, are reproduced with permission of the International Organisation for Standardization, ISO. This standard can be obtained from any ISO member and from the Web site of ISO Central Secretariat at the following address: www.iso.org. Copyright remains with ISO. 3.25 Courtesy of Canon. 3.27 Samyang Optics South Korea http://www.samyang. pl 3.28 From: http://www.fickr.com/photos/robsinclair/515407474/ Image by Rob Sinclair, made available under the terms of the Creative Commons, Attribution 2.0 license. 3.29 From: http:// www.fickr.com/photos/geishaboy500/469965020/ Image by Thor, made available under the terms of the Creative Commons, Attribution2.0 license. 3.30 ©iStockphoto.com/dave9296, #13631888. 3.31 ©iStockphoto.com/Xseon#13821355.3.32 © Dr Schmitt, Weinheim, www.uvir.eu. 3.35 ©iStockphoto.com/andipantz#10628378. 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.5, 4.7, 4.13, 4.15, 4.16, 4.18, 4.19 Images by Andy Golding. 4.4, 5.12, 5.14, 5.15, 5.17, 5.19, 9.4, 9.9, 10.31, 11.26, 14.4 Michael Langford 4.8 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, jimbycat, image # 3628315 5.10 ©iStockphoto.com/tfrisch99 #8682716. 5.11 Image created by Andrew Schonfelder. 6.1 ©iStockphoto.com/TonisPan #7658036. 6.3 ©iStockphoto.com/DeadDuck # 8894738. 6.9 Reprinted with permsion from Eastman Kodak Company. 6.12, 6.20, 6.21, 6.22 © Hani Muammar 6.14 Image courtesy of Olympus Cameras. 7.1 Top row (left to right) ©iStockphoto.com/AndryTTL #3322583; ©iStockphoto.com/-MG-#12808470; ©iStockphoto.com/rjp85#12682317; ©iStockphoto.com/jeffstrauss #4807221; ©iStockphoto.com/ jsemeniuk#5816334; ©iStockphoto.com/jsemeniuk#4556481; ©iStockphoto.com/deliormanli #5539388; ©iStockphoto.com/wwing#11277658. 7.2 ©iStockphoto.com/ WoRkZ # 56350. 7.3 ©iStockphoto.com/ podgorsek # 3192314. 7.7 ©iStockphoto.com/krzysiek_z_poczty #2025909. 7.10 ©iStockphoto.com/olerosset # 2160564. 7.12 © Efthimia Bilissi 7.13 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, eyedias, image# 290020 7.14 ©iStockphoto.com/ thumb # 2055933. 7.16 ©iStockphoto. com/ RapidEye # 5542934. 7.20 ©iStockphoto.com/Lebazele #7982316 7.22 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, gmnicholas, image #2206249 7.23 ©iStockphoto.com/krzysiek_z_poczty #266774. 7.25 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, BirdofPrey, image# 1412955. 8.13 (a) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, Casarsa, image# 1057009, (b) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, duncan1890, image# 1881060, (c) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, naphtalina, image# 2145930, (d) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, Ladida, image# 2748092, (e) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, philipdyer, image # 3254640, (f) Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, BirdofPrey, image# 981783. 8.14 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, cworthy, image# 3201816 8.15 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, photomorphic, image# 2694933. 8.16 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, shoobydoooo, image# 2467700.8.20 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, philipdyer, image # 3254640. 8.24 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, ferrantraite, image# 2601236. 8.35 ©iStockphoto/ rszajkow #7162669. 8.36 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, photomorphic, image# 2663993. 9.2 Courtesy of Kodak Ltd. 9.3 Photos by Mark Chappell. 9.6 Reprinted with permission from Eastman Kodak Company. 9.10, 9.12, 9.22,13.5,13.8,13.11,13.15,13.16,13.17 © Sophie Triantaphillidou. 9.13 Top: reprinted with permission from Eastman Kodak Company. Bottom: reprinted with permission from Fujifilm UK Ltd. 9.16 Diagrams (a) and (b) reprinted with permission from Ilford Photo/Harman Technology Limited. Diagrams (c) and (d) reprinted with permission from Eastman Kodak Company. 9.17 Reprinted with permission from Fujifilm UK Ltd. 9.32, 11.1, 11.3, 11.3 © Andy Finney. 10.9 ©iStockphoto.com/itographer #11035080.10.25, 10.26 © Andrew Schonfelder. 10.27 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, wolv, image #133276.10.29 By Tim Stephens, courtesy Faber & Faber. 11.6 (a) Schneider Kreuznach (b) Image from „Sam’s Laser FAQ“, © Samuel M. Goldwasser, www.repairfaq.org. 11.7 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, Skyak, image# 3532524. 11.9, 11.11 © Dr Klaus Schmitt, Weinheim, (www.uvir.eu). 11.10 © J.R.A. Smith. 11.12 © Bjørn Rørslett/NN/ Samfoto. 11.14 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, rsallen, image# 1301295. 11.15 © Dr Klaus Schmitt, Weinheim, (www.uvir.eu); Collection Kersten Kreiner. 11.16 Chris Smith/Sunday Times. 11.17 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, Tammy616, image# 4371980. 11.20 © Ken MacLennan Brown. 11.21 © Muna Muammar. 11.22 ©iStockphoto.com/ramihalim #12872869.11.23 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, kickstand, image# 139527.11.25 Image by Seitz Roundshot, www.roundshot.ch 11.27 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, kickstand, image #93626. 11.28 ©iStockphoto.com/Moose2000 #1376164. 11.30 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, timstarkey, image# 3790960.11.32 Image courtesy ofLedametrix.com. 11.34 © 2005 Aran D. Kessler. 11.38, 11.39 Photograph by Alastair Laidlaw. 12.1 ©iStockphoto.com/track5 #2297391. 12.2 ©iStockphoto.com/ technotr # 5322342. 12.3 Monique Cabral, London. 12.4 Sue Packer, Tintern, Gwent. 12.5 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, LyleGregg, image # 3322295.12.6 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, Xaviarnau, image# 3938699.12.7 ©iStockphoto.com/pkline#3248305. 12.8 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, antb, image# 2438549. 12.9 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, compassandcamera, image# 2336293. 12.10 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, alaincouillaud, image# 3240665. 12.11 ©iStockphoto.com/fotogaby#9053672.12.13 Philip Fraser-Betts, Centremark Design and PhotographyChelmsford. 12.14 iStockphoto.com/ SoopySue#4046060. 12.16 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, PaulTessier, image# 3438963. 12.17 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, rpbirdman, image# 3725313. 12.20 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, texasmary, image #4310461. 12.21 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, freezingtime, image# 2043824. 12.22 Photo courtesy of iStockphoto, kickstand, image# 93704. 12.23 ©iStockphoto.com/piskunov #13525371. 12.24 ©iStockphoto.com/antonyspencer #12205718. 13.7 © Olivier Moullard. 13.12, 15.4, 15.6 © Ulrike Leyens (www.leyens.com). 14.1 Bert Hardy/Hulton Getty Picture Library. 14.2 ©iStockphoto.com/olikim # 2936959. 14.3 ©iStockphoto.com/ kryczka # 11920595. 14.5 By John Downing/Daily Express. 14.6 ©iStockphoto.com/o-che # 12965930. 14.7 ©iStockphoto.com/gpf man # 258050. 15.1, 15.7 © James Boardman Press Photography (www.boardmanpix.com). 15.2, 15.3 © Association of Photographers. Forms reproduced courtesy of the AOP (UK), from Beyond the Lens, 3rd edition, www.the-aop.org). 15.5 Image © Ulrike Leyens (www.leyens.com) and Andre Pinkowski (www.oniimage.co.uk).