List of Constants

Constant	Explanation	Value
₀	electric permittivity in a vacuum	8.854 187 817 × 10⁻¹² F m⁻¹
π	ratio of the circle’s circumference to its diameter	3.141 592 653 59
e	Euler’s number	2.718 281 828 459 045
e	elementary charge	1.602 176 565 × 10⁻¹⁹ C
F	Faraday constant	96 485.3365 C mol⁻¹
g, $\vec{g}$ $\vec{g}$	earth gravitation factor, strictly speaking, this is not a constant but a derived value from the earth gravitational constant G	9.806 65 m s⁻²
G	earth gravitational constant	6.673 84 × 10⁻¹¹ m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻²
R	universal gas constant	8.314 462 1 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹
i	imaginary number	$\sqrt{- 1}$ $\sqrt{- 1}$
k_B	Boltzmann constant	1.380 648 8 × 10⁻²³ J K⁻¹
m_e	electron mass	9.109 382 91 × 10⁻³¹ kg
m_n	neutron mass	1.674 927 351 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
m_p	proton mass	1.672 621 777 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
u	molecular atomic mass	1.660 538 921 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
N_A	Avogadro constant, number of atoms or molecules in one mole	6.022 × 10²³ mol⁻¹
N_L	Loschmidt constant, in an ideal gas the number of atoms or molecules in a given volume	2.687 × 10²⁵ cm⁻³
V_M,0, V	molar volume of an ideal gas at standard conditions	22.414 L

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