Monitoring basic system performance
by Uday R. Sawant, William Leemans, Jonathan Hobson, Oliver Pelz
Linux: Powerful Server Administration
- Linux: Powerful Server Administration
- Table of Contents
- Linux: Powerful Server Administration
- Linux: Powerful Server Administration
- Credits
- Preface
- 1. Module 1
- 1. Managing Users and Groups
- 2. Networking
- Introduction
- Connecting to a network with a static IP
- Installing the DHCP server
- Installing the DNS server
- Hiding behind the proxy with squid
- Being on time with NTP
- Discussing load balancing with HAProxy
- Tuning the TCP stack
- Troubleshooting network connectivity
- Securing remote access with OpenVPN
- Securing a network with uncomplicated firewall
- Securing against brute force attacks
- Discussing Ubuntu security best practices
- 3. Working with Web Servers
- Introduction
- Installing and configuring the Apache web server
- Serving dynamic contents with PHP
- Hosting multiple websites with a virtual domain
- Securing web traffic with HTTPS
- Installing Nginx with PHP_FPM
- Setting Nginx as a reverse proxy
- Load balancing with Nginx
- Setting HTTPs on Nginx
- Benchmarking and performance tuning of Apache
- Securing the web server
- Troubleshooting the web server
- 4. Working with Mail Servers
- 5. Handling Databases
- Introduction
- Installing relational databases with MySQL
- Storing and retrieving data with MySQL
- Importing and exporting bulk data
- Adding users and assigning access rights
- Installing web access for MySQL
- Setting backups
- Optimizing MySQL performance – queries
- Optimizing MySQL performance – configuration
- Creating MySQL replicas for scaling and high availability
- Troubleshooting MySQL
- Installing MongoDB
- Storing and retrieving data with MongoDB
- 6. Network Storage
- 7. Cloud Computing
- 8. Working with Containers
- Introduction
- Installing LXD, the Linux container daemon
- Deploying your first container with LXD
- Managing LXD containers
- Managing LXD containers – advanced options
- Setting resource limits on LXD containers
- Networking with LXD
- Installing Docker
- Starting and managing Docker containers
- Creating images with a Dockerfile
- Understanding Docker volumes
- Deploying WordPress using a Docker network
- Monitoring Docker containers
- Securing Docker containers
- 9. Streaming with Ampache
- 10. Communication Server with XMPP
- 11. Git Hosting
- Introduction
- Installing Git
- Creating a local repository with Git CLI
- Storing file revisions with Git commit
- Synchronizing the repository with a remote server
- Receiving updates with Git pull
- Creating repository clones
- Installing GitLab, your own Git hosting
- Adding users to the GitLab server
- Creating a repository with GitLab
- Automating common tasks with Git hooks
- 12. Collaboration Tools
- 13. Performance Monitoring
- 14. Centralized Authentication Service
- 2. Module 2
- 1. Installing CentOS
- Introduction
- Downloading CentOS and confirming the checksum on Windows or OS X
- Creating USB installation media on Windows or OS X
- Performing an installation of CentOS using the graphical installer
- Running a netinstall over HTTP
- Installing CentOS 7 using a kickstart file
- Getting started and customising the boot loader
- Troubleshooting the system in rescue mode
- Updating the installation and enhancing the minimal install with additional administration and development tools
- 2. Configuring the System
- Introduction
- Navigating text files with less
- Introduction to Vim
- Speaking the right language
- Synchronizing the system clock with NTP and the chrony suite
- Setting your hostname and resolving the network
- Building a static network connection
- Becoming a superuser
- Customizing your system banners and messages
- Priming the kernel
- 3. Managing the System
- Introduction
- Knowing and managing your background services
- Troubleshooting background services
- Tracking system resources with journald
- Configuring journald to make it persistent
- Managing users and their groups
- Scheduling tasks with cron
- Synchronizing files and doing more with rsync
- Maintaining backups and taking snapshots
- Monitoring important server infrastructure
- Taking control with GIT and Subversion
- 4. Managing Packages with YUM
- 5. Administering the Filesystem
- 6. Providing Security
- 7. Building a Network
- 8. Working with FTP
- 9. Working with Domains
- 10. Working with Databases
- 11. Providing Mail Services
- 12. Providing Web Services
- 13. Operating System-Level Virtualization
- 14. Working with SELinux
- 15. Monitoring IT Infrastructure
- 1. Installing CentOS
- 3. Module 3
- 1. Working with KVM Guests
- 2. Deploying RHEL "En Masse"
- 3. Configuring Your Network
- 4. Configuring Your New System
- 5. Using SELinux
- 6. Orchestrating with Ansible
- 7. Puppet Configuration Management
- 8. Yum and Repositories
- 9. Securing RHEL 7
- 10. Monitoring and Performance Tuning
- Bibliography
- Index
We need to keep an eye out on global system values. The ones that are particularly of interest are the following:
kernel.all.pswitchkernel.all.nprocskernel.all.load
I'll show you a way to display both text-based and graphical output. Here are the steps:
- Display live data for the metrics with a 1-second interval for the
guest.example.comhost by executing the following command:~]# pmdumptext -H -t 1 -i -l kernel.all.pswitch kernel.all.nprocs kernel.all.load -h guest.example.com
- Create a configuration file for
pmchartto display live data calledsystem.confwith the following contents:#kmchart version 1 chart style plot antialiasing off plot color #ffff00 metric kernel.all.pswitch chart style plot antialiasing off plot color #ffff00 metric kernel.all.nprocs chart style plot antialiasing off plot color #ffff00 metric kernel.all.load instance "1 minute" plot color #ff924a metric kernel.all.load instance "5 minute" plot color #ff0000 metric kernel.all.load instance "15 minute"
- Next, use
pmchartto plot a live chart forguest.example.comvia the following command:~]# pmchart -h guest.example.com -c system.conf
The preceding examples are based on "live" data; however, you're not limited to live data. You could increase the interval of pmlogger in order to get more data about a troublesome system and then take a look at the generated data afterwards. With other tools, you'd have to use additional tools through cronjob and so on, while PCP allows you to do both.
- Show the the data of
guest.example.comfor November 1, 2015 between15:30and16:30with a 5-minute interval via the following command:~]# pmdumptext -H -t 5m -i -l -S @15:30 -T @16:30 kernel.all.pswitch kernel.all.nprocs kernel.all.load -a /var/log/pcp/pmlogger/guest.example.com/20151101
- You can do the same with
pmchart, as follows:~]# pmchart -a /var/log/pcp/pmlogger/guest.example.com/20151101 -c system.conf -S @15:30 -T @16:30 -W -o output.png
-
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