- We import BaggingClassifier and DecisionTreeClassifier from the scikit-learn library. We also import the other required libraries as follows:
from sklearn.ensemble import BaggingClassifier
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
- Next, we read out the data and take a look at the dimensions:
df_winedata = pd.read_csv('winedata.csv')
df_winedata.shape
- We separate our features and the response set. We also split our data into training and testing subsets.
X = df_winedata.iloc[:,1:14]
Y = df_winedata.iloc[:,0]
X_train, X_test, Y_train, Y_test = train_test_split(X, Y, random_state=1)
- We create an instance of the DecisionTreeClassifier class and pass it to the BaggingClassifier():
dt_model = DecisionTreeClassifier(criterion='entropy')
bag_dt_model = BaggingClassifier(dt_model, max_features=1.0, n_estimators=5,
random_state=1, bootstrap=True)
Note that in the preceding code block, we have declared bootstrap=True. This is the default value and indicates that samples are drawn with replacement.
- We fit our model to the training data as follows:
bag_dt_model.fit(X_train, Y_train)
- We can see the score after passing the test data to the model:
bag_dt_model.score(X_test, Y_test)
- We use the predict function to predict the response variable as follows:
predictedvalues = bag_dt_model.predict(X_test)
- We will now use a code to plot the confusion matrix. Note that this code has been taken from scikit-learn.org. We execute the following code to create the plot_confusion_matrix() function:
# code from
# http://scikit-learn.org/stable/auto_examples/model_selection/plot_confusion_matrix.html
def plot_confusion_matrix(cm, classes,
normalize=False,
title='Confusion matrix',
cmap=plt.cm.Blues):
"""
This function prints and plots the confusion matrix.
"""
plt.imshow(cm, interpolation='nearest', cmap=cmap)
plt.title(title)
plt.colorbar()
tick_marks = np.arange(len(classes))
plt.xticks(tick_marks, classes, rotation=45)
plt.yticks(tick_marks, classes)
thresh = cm.max() / 2.
for i, j in itertools.product(range(cm.shape[0]), range(cm.shape[1])):
plt.text(j, i, cm[i, j],
horizontalalignment="center",
color="white" if cm[i, j] > thresh else "black")
plt.tight_layout()
plt.ylabel('Actuals')
plt.xlabel('Predicted')
- We use the preceding plot_confusion_matrix() function to plot our confusion matrix:
# This variable holds the class labels of our target variable
target_names = [ '1', '2', '3']
import itertools
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
# Constructing the Confusion Matrix
cm = confusion_matrix(Y_test, predictedvalues)
# Plotting the confusion matrix
plt.figure(figsize=(3,3))
plot_confusion_matrix(cm, classes=target_names, normalize=False)
plt.show()
The confusion matrix plot looks as follows: