Index

1. 3M 9–10

2. ‘5x5’ method 96–99, 101

1. A/B tests 14, 25, 39

2. Accel Partners 77

3. accountability 4, 156–157

4. agile development 2, 10, 20–22, 26, 28, 30–31, 50, 80, 109–110, 122, 153; in large organizations 48–49, 57, 146–163; see also work, agile

5. Agile Manifesto 20

6. agile organization, the 4, 10, 11, 48–66, 83, 146, 150, 155–157, 163

7. agile transitions 48–49, 57–59, 64, 162, 155–157

8. ‘aim high and fail’ philosophy 126

9. Airbnb 35, 41–43, 75; app 3

10. Airtasker 75

11. Alphabet X 110, 136, 126–129

12. Amazon 64, 129–130

13. ambidextrous organizations 145–146, 155–157

14. AMP Innovation Challenge 71–72

15. AMPlify Festival 72–73

16. Andreessen-Horowitz 1

17. Andreessen, Marc 1

18. Android operating system 112

19. Anonymous 11, 28

20. Apple, Inc. 2, 12, 16, 34–35, 37, 43, 50, 150; Apple Macintosh 43–45

21. appreciative inquiry 117

22. Arizona State University 143

23. ARPAnet 16

24. aspiration management 126

25. assumptions: challenging 26, 30–31, 61, 80, 157–158; commercial 2; riskiest 3, 21–23, 38–40, 54, 59–60, 127–128; testing 39, 54, 58; validating 11, 160; see also questioning

26. Atlassian 76–80, 113–114, 126, 130

27. Atlassian Team Health Monitor 131–133

1. Bar Camps 52–53, 123

2. Bauwens, Michael 90

3. ‘bias to action’ 110, 117

4. Big World Homes 101

5. Biohacker Spaces 51

6. Blank, Steve 3, 22–23, 93, 111

7. Blecharczyk, Nathan 41–42

8. BMC see Business Model Canvas

9. brainstorming 143, 160

10. Broulette, Mark 137–139

11. Brown, Tim 25

12. Buckley, George 10

13. Buffer 82–83

14. bureaucracy: disruption of 155, reduction of 64–65

15. burnout, risk of in high-performing teams 129–130

16. business development 10, 19; and hacking 11, 18–19, 22–25, 38–40

17. Business Model Canvas (BMC) 23

18. business models 2, 3, 10, 13, 22–24, 39, 41, 59, 61, 112, 128, 157, 162–163

1. Caddick, Sarah 143

2. California Community Collaboration Project 120

3. Cannon-Brookes, Mike 76–77, 81–82

4. capital, venture see venture capital

5. cars, self-driving see self-driving cars

6. Cavenee, Webster 142

7. Çelik, Tantek 121

8. Chesky, Brian 41–42

9. Chief Experimenters 31, 38–40, 44, 50, 58, 64, 75, 81, 84, 148, 151, 162

10. Citizen Space 52, 121

11. clinical trials, adaptive 145

12. Co-PIs 63

13. CoActiv8 53

14. Coca-Cola 11

15. collaboration 2, 11, 26, 33, 36–37, 51, 71, 77, 100, 106, 109–110, 112, 117, 119, 121, 131, 136, 141–146, 151, 156; design for 102–104; with customers or users 19; metrics and 61–62

16. collaborative consumption 105

17. command and control system 40, 56, 61, 148, 157, 162

18. Commonwealth Bank 49

19. competition 4, 36, 55, 62; see also gift culture, competitive gifting

20. conflict: management of 133–136; cultural misalignment and 134; pessimism and 135–137; mutual antagonism and 135–136

21. Confluence 77, 82

22. Cooper, Katy 127

23. ‘copyleft’ agreements 16–17

24. CouchSurfing 75

25. ‘cover story’ exercise 152–153

26. coworking 3, 30, 50–53, 75, 121, 123

27. creativity 5, 9, 19, 45

28. cross-functional teams 11, 14, 20, 25–26, 28, 30, 32, 65, 122, 124, 132, 147, 161

29. crowdsourcing 17

30. culture hacking 65–66, 71–94, 148–156, 162

31. culture: see digital culture, hacker culture, innovation culture, management culture

32. Cure Brain Cancer Foundation 141–143

33. customer focus 10, 63, 148, 160; resilience and 137; see also feedback

34. cyber-attacks 11

1. data 1, 2, 9, 11

2. design 3; UX 3, 10, 25, 32, 71, 88, 137; see also product design, service design, collaboration

3. design thinking 2, 10–11, 25–28, 30, 77, 80, 97, 109, 122, 142, 153, 160

4. developers, open source 2, 17–18

5. Diffie, Whitfield 16

6. disruption 1, 3, 57

7. Dorf, Bob 22

8. Dorsey, Jack 18

9. dot.com crash 19, 119

10. dschool 25–26, 88, 154; see also Hasbro School of Design, Stanford University

11. dual operating systems 145–146, 149, 155–157, 162

1. Edison, Thomas, 146

2. ‘egoboo’ 76, 79– 81, 91–92, 100, 115, 129

3. ‘egoboo economy’ 76–80

4. Eisenstein, Charles 72

5. elegant solutions 25, 78, 115

6. emotional work 53–54, 109, 134–135; as precondition to agile work 54, 56–57; examples of in agile teams 56–57, 91, 135

7. entrepreneurs 2, 4, 18–19, 23, 25, 50, 93, 102, 111, 113, 115, 119, 163; lean 22, 26, 54, 109; social 30, 100, 101, 108; see also hacker entrepreneurs

8. entrepreneurship 10, 87–88; hacker 3, 19, 22–23; social 106, 111–112; startup 10, 87–88

9. experimentation 4, 11, 13–14, 38–40; 80, 114, 117, 127, 147–148, 151

1. FabLabs 51

2. Facebook 1, 2, 12, 23, 35, 45, 75, 112, 122

3. failure, benefits of 127–128, 134, 138–139; reduction of 10; resilience and 57, 138–139; ‘fail fast’ mindset 94, 127–128

4. Farquhar, Scott 76–77, 81, 82

5. FastWorks 10, 148, 149

6. FastWorks Everyday 148

7. feedback 144, 151; from customers 22, 124, 138, 147, 153; lean feedback loop 14, 24–25, 30, 40

8. Felsenstein, Lee 122

9. Fischer-Wright, Halee 36

10. Flanagan, Kieran 63

11. Flickr 121

12. Franusic, Joel 120–121

13. Free Software Foundation (FSF) 16

14. free software movement 112

1. Gascoigne, Joel 82

2. Gatsby Charitable Foundation 143

3. GBCA 144–145

4. GBM Agile 141, 144–146

5. GBX 143

6. GE 9, 10, 146–150

7. Gebbia, Joe 41–42

8. General Electric see GE

9. General Public License see GPL

10. gift culture 78–79; competitive gifting 62, 77–81, 89–94, 107, 111–112, 135, 153; gifting mindset 53, 57, 71, 107; killing projects and 128–130

11. gift economy, creation of in hacker culture 62, 71–94; see also reputation games, reputational rewards

12. Gifter 71–74, 76, 81, 85, 91

13. Github 12, 18, 116, 121

14. Global Brain Cancer Alliance see GBCA

15. Global Brain Exchange see GBX

16. Goldstein, Viv 146

17. good stress, resilience and 138

18. Google 1, 12, 28, 35, 45, 52, 88, 112–115, 120–125, 150

19. GPL 17, 18

20. Graham, Paul 41

21. Graziano, Frank 102–104

22. Gregory, Dan 63

23. Groupon 14, 38

1. hackathons 3, 65, 80, 99, 120, 150–151, 153

2. hacker culture 2–5, 9–67; at MIT 14–16, 17, 119, 122–123; ‘hacker culture shift’ 18, 19, 119; lack of diversity in 116; ‘brogrammers’ and 116; see also innovation culture, hacker values, gifting mindset

3. hacker entrepreneurs 2, 3, 11, 13, 14, 31, 51–52, 54, 112, 162

4. hacker mindsets 65, 109, 110–113, 153

5. hacker paradigm leadership 5, 30–47, 50, 64, 75, 101, 102; trust and 32–35

6. hacker practices 3, 4, 94, 109, 150, 153, 163

7. hacker teams, management of 119–140; see also teams

8. hacker values 109, 113–117, 126, 153

9. hackers 2, 4, 11–19, 24, 30, 34, 38, 40, 43, 50–52, 54, 57, 65, 76–79, 83–84, 89, 150–151, 154, 157; and gaming 16; viewed as ‘smart creatives’ 123–125; versus ‘crackers’ 2, 12; see also hacker mindsets, hacker values

10. hackerspaces 51–54

11. hacking 2, 3, 13, 25–26, 28, 30–31, 35, 43–45, 54–57, 97, 101, 109, 111, 113–117, 122–123, 128, 130, 137, 141–163; and problem-solving 13; as knowledge work 54, 56, 113; at MIT 14–16; hardware 16; software 12; see also culture hacking

12. ham radio 74

13. Hamel, Gary 64–65, 75–76

14. Hammer, Justus 39

15. Harker, Susan 130

16. Hasbro School of Design 25; see also dschool

17. Hat Factory 52

18. Henderson, Cal 121

19. Hewlett Foundation 154

20. Hewlett-Packard 137

21. HipChat 77

22. holarchy 64

23. Holder, Eric 116

24. Holo Lens 1, 49; see also Microsoft

25. Holocracy 64

26. Homebrew Computer Club 16, 122

27. Hsieh, Tony 64

28. Hub Sydney 50–51, 53–54

29. humility: hacker culture and 19, 90, 106, 107; leadership and 66, 141

30. Hunt, Tara 62

31. Hurst, Aaron 35

1. IBM 1, 11, 17, 18, 49, 61, 150

2. IDEO 25–26, 154

3. Immelt, Jeff 146

4. incentives, team-based 62–63

5. Indiegogo 75

6. innovation 2, 4–5, 9–12, 18–19, 23, 31, 34, 36, 40, 49–50, 55, 57, 61, 71, 76, 78, 80, 94, 114, 150, 154, 156, 158, 163; agile 48, 51; Atlassian and 76–80; Buffer and 82–83; budget blowouts and 161; collaboration and 51, 141; combinatorial 2; commitment to 163; democratization of 2; disruptive 162; GE and 146–149; hacker 54, 57, 65, 90, 92, 100, 107, 113, 116, 129, 136, 146; how to make space for 108–117; HR and 150; incentives for 77–80; incremental 113; financial incentives and 57, 63; making space for 96–118; medical 141, 144; peer recognition and 78–80,; risks of 88, 111, 162; rapid-fire 99; rules of 4, 11, 113; space for 31, 43–46, 58, 96–118, 145–146, 150–151, 158, 163; social 100; support and reward of 63–66; urban 97; see also leaderful innovation game

7. Innovation Challenge 71–72, 117

8. innovation champions 129

9. innovation culture 2–4, 9–10, 48–50, 75, 80–81, 100, 108–109, 122, 127, 150–152, 162

10. innovation projects 110, 155–156, 112; managed as startups 59–60

11. innovation space 96–118, 151; building tribes in 105–109; elements of 101–102; design for collaboration in 102–105; hacker mindsets in 110–113; hacker values in 113–117

12. innovation teams 156–157, 161

13. Instagram 74

14. Intel 17

15. International Business Machines see IBM

16. intrapreneurs 43, 65, 72, 74, 151, 153–154

17. ‘islands of freedom’ 59, 61, 157–158

18. iterative development 11, 24–25, 147

1. Jakovich, Joanne 96–98, 101

2. Java programming language 12

3. JIRA 76

4. Jobs, Steve 34, 43

5. Juno 75

1. Kalanick, Travis 116

2. Kantor, Jodi 130

3. Karma Kitchen 92

4. Kelly, David 25

5. Key Performance Indicators see KPIs

6. Kickstarter 75

7. King, John 36

8. Kleihues-van Toll, Kees 143

9. knowledge work 22, 54–56, 113, 134; see hacking

10. Kotter, John 4, 156

11. KPIs 3, 63, 160

1. LAN parties 119

2. Law of Two Feet 87

3. leaderful innovation game 90–92, 153

4. leadership 4, 5, 11, 49, 57, 79, 79, 96, 116, 129, 135, 148, 152, 156, 161, 163; redefining, 57–66; transformational 31, 46, 61, 148; tribal, 36–37, 135–136; see also hacker paradigm leadership; purpose, leading with

5. lean feedback loop see feedback

6. lean startup method 2, 10, 22–25, 26, 28, 30, 80, 109–111, 122, 146–149, 153; at GE 146–150

7. learning metrics see metrics

8. Lincoln Labs 15

9. Lindsay, Jeff 119–122

10. LinkedIn 150

11. Linux: development model 17; operating system 16–19; hackers and 17–18; use as platform by corporate and government entities 18

12. Logan, Dave 36

13. Loon 126

14. Lyft 75

1. Maddox, Octavia 72

2. Makani 126

3. MakerSpaces 51

4. making a difference, 106, 111–112, 156

5. malware 11

6. management culture 4

7. Management Innovation eXchange see MIX

8. management: aspiration 125–126, see also OKRs; entrepreneurial 10, 40, 46, 58–61, 130, 146–149, 156–163; project management (at Google) 124–125; reduction in layers of 50, 62

9. Massachusetts Institute of Technology see MIT

10. mastery 114

11. McEvoy, Dean 3, 38

12. McKenzie, John 15

13. McLaren, Caroline 53

14. McNerney, James 9

15. mentoring 92

16. meritocracy 115–116, 153

17. Messina, Chris 52, 120, 121, 123

18. metered funding 60–61, 157–162

19. metrics: kill 128–130; learning 60–61, 157, 159, 161; see also OKRs

20. Microsoft 1, 18, 35, 103, 122; transition to agile 48–49

21. Minimum Viable Products see MVPs

22. MIT: hackers 14–17, 34, 111–112, 114–115

23. MIX 150, 153

24. MOOCs (Massive Open Online Communities) 74

25. Morle, Phil 3, 38

26. Motorola 9

27. ‘move fast and break things’ 12, 45, 80

28. Mozilla 123

29. Mulhall, Avis 105–107

30. Mullenweg, Matt 121

31. Musk, Elon 63

32. MVPs 2, 23, 147

1. National Brain Tumor Society 143

2. Netflix 150

3. Netscape Navigator 1

4. networking see social networking

5. Neuberg, Brad 52, 121

1. OAuth 121

2. Objectives and Key Results see OKRs

3. objectives, strategic alignment of 125

4. objectivity, resilience and 137

5. Oculus Rift 1

6. OKRs 125–126

7. Open ID Foundation 123

8. open plan workspaces, negative effects of 103–104

9. open source 2–3, 12, 18–19, 51–52, 112, 116, 120, 122, 123, 145; and Linux 16–18;; developers 3; language 12; movement 2, 110–112; software and tools 2, 19

10. Open Space events 86–88

11. Open Space Technology 86–88

12. Open Web Foundation 123

13. openness 81–84, 113

14. organizational change see agile transitions, culture hacking

15. Osterwalder, Alexander 23, 163

1. P2P Foundation 90

2. Pacolini, Luca 23

3. ‘pay it forward’ culture 92–94

4. PBwiki 120–121

5. PBWorks 121

6. Peanut Butter wiki see PBwiki

7. Periscope 75

8. ‘permanent beta’ 112–113

9. Pigneur, Yves 23

10. Pitch Fest 153–154

11. pivoting 14, 22, 25–27, 77, 134, 139, 147

12. Pollenizer 38–40

13. Post-it note, development of 9, 10

14. potlatch, as ceremony in gift culture 89

15. prestige 79; see also reputational rewards

16. Price, Dom 130

17. process improvement 9, 11

18. product development 10; ‘waterfall approach’ and 48

19. Project Foghorn 127

20. projects, evaluation of 127

21. props, disruptive 104–105

22. prototypes 23, 25, 39, 72, 110, 120, 137, 139, 158, 160

23. prototyping 2, 19, 26, 104, 144, 147, 151

24. purpose 37, 44, 85, 115, 132, 138, 145, 153, 156, 163; leading with 31, 34–35, 45, 46, 58, 74, 75, 78, 101, 150; purpose economy 35

1. questioning 54–55; see also assumptions, challenging

2. Quinn, Jo 142

3. Quora 17

1. Raymond, Eric 4, 12–13, 78–79

2. Reddit 75

3. reputation capital 81, 84, 88–90, 100, 107, 115, 136

4. reputation games 89–94

5. reputational rewards 89–94, 100, 114–115, 129, 154, 156

6. Research Laboratory of Electronics (RLE) 15

7. resilience: cultivation of 136–139

8. return on investment see ROI

9. Ries, Eric 4, 22, 23, 122, 146–150, 147

10. risk 4, 10, 58; mitigation via fast turnaround 25, 111

11. riskiest assumptions; see assumptions

12. ROI 3, 59, 60, 157

13. Russell, Steve 16

1. School Retool 154–155

2. Schwaber, Ken 20

3. scrum: masters 20, 26; method 20, 50; teams 20, 22, 49

4. self-discipline 138–139

5. self-organizing teams 3, 31, 33, 58, 64, 124, 125, 146, 150, 156, 157, 162

6. Semper, Janice 146, 149

7. Series X engine 146–147

8. service design 11

9. sharing circles 85–86, 117, 151

10. sharing games 84–88

11. SHDH 120–122

12. ShipIt 76–80

13. Silicon Valley 1, 3, 10, 11, 18, 19, 25, 26, 38, 41, 93–94, 113, 120, 122, 157

14. Silver, Spence 9

15. Sinek, Simon 34

16. Six Sigma 9–10

17. Slack 121

18. Smith, Jeff 61–62

19. Snapchat 75

20. social capital 107

21. social entrepreneurship 30, 100–101, 105–107, 112

22. social justice 116

23. social media 1, 65, 75, 82, 83

24. Socrates 54–55

25. software developers see developers

26. software development, agile see agile software development

27. software industry 1, 2, 11

28. Sony 11

29. SOUP Innovation Fellows 97, 99

30. SOUP Launchpad 99–100

31. SOUP Mixer 96–97, 100

32. SpaceWar! computer game 16

33. Spiral Muse 52–53

34. Spotify 2

35. Spreets 3, 39

36. sprints 2, 19, 20, 99, 38, 99, 157, 160, 161; in large companies 49–50

37. Stace, Catherine 141–146

38. Stack Overflow 17

39. Stallman, Richard 16, 113

40. standup meetings 20, 21, 85

41. Stanford University 25, 129

42. startup entrepreneurs 2, 11, 13, 14, 22–24, 30, 32–33, 35, 38–42, 52, 54, 66, 78, 97, 105, 117, 120, 122, 156; Apple as 34; Atlassian as 66; see also entrepreneurs, hacker entrepreneurs

43. startup hubs/incubators 3, 38, 41, 123

44. startup industry 2, 3, 4, 11, 18, 31, 32, 93, 111, 113, 119, 155; recruitment and 32–33

45. startup triad, the 19–28, 77

46. startups 1, 4, 11, 14, 45, 57, 59, 61–62, 79, 80, 89, 105, 109, 119, 122–123, 126, 146, 151–152, 154, 156–157; early stage 31; experience in 117; innovating like 40; ‘unicorn’ 57; see also lean startup method

47. Steelcase 102

48. Streitfeld, David 130

49. Sun Microsystems 122

50. SupperHappyDevHouse see SHDH

51. sustainability 106

52. Sutherland, Jeff 20

1. T-shaped skill set 32–33, 45

2. ‘tackle the monkey first’ 110, 127–128, 149

3. TaskRabbit 75

4. Taylor, Gail 141

5. Taylor, Matt 141

6. teams, cross-functional 122

7. teams, self-organizing 156

8. teams: aspiring to greatness 36; hacker 5, 34, 44–45, 56–62, 88, 101, 109, 112, 119–140, 146, 156–157; potential in 33–34; see also self-organizing teams, cross-functional teams

9. Tech Model Railroad Club see TMRC

10. Technorati 121

11. TechShop 51

12. TED talks 102–104

13. Teller, Astro 110–112, 126–128

14. Teo, Charlie 141, 143, 145

15. Tesla 35, 63, 112

16. Think Act Change 105–107

17. TMRC 14–15

18. Torvalds, Linus 4, 16

19. transactional exchange circuit, breaking of 93–94

20. Transform Australia 141

21. transparency 82–84, 114, 117

22. Trello 77

23. tribal mindset 35–36, 105–108

24. tribal leadership; see leadership, tribal

25. Tumblr 75

26. Twitter 18, 75

1. Uber 3, 14, 35, 75, 116, 126, 137

2. uLab 96, 101

3. University of California, San Diego 142

4. University of Technology, Sydney 96

5. UNIX 16

6. UseNet 16

1. value: adding 71, 77, 84, 89, 90–93, 125; and sharing 84–85; creating 3, 13, 31, 34, 38, 41–43, 46, 58–62, 71, 90, 110, 138, 144, 163; for customers or users 100, 150; mutual 75, 90

2. values, hacker see hacker values

3. venture capital 1, 3, 19, 39, 61, 77, 100, 119

1. Wall, David 71

2. WalMart 11

3. waste, elimination of 9–10

4. Waymo 126

5. Waze app 2

6. web 2.0 119

7. WebHooks 121

8. Weekly, David 120–122

9. Welch, Jack 10

10. WeLive 75

11. WeWork 52, 75

12. Whole Earth Catalogue 16

13. Wikipedia 17, 120

14. wikis, use of in companies for transparency 82

15. WordPress 121

16. work: agile 49, 50, 54, 62, 66n1; intrinsic rewards of 62, 80; relationship between knowledge and emotional 54–57; future of 124; see also emotional work, knowledge work

17. Wozniak, Steve 16

1. Y Combinator 41

2. Yahoo!7 39

3. YouTube 75

1. Zappos 63–64

2. Zuckerberg, Mark 12, 18, 23, 112

3. Zynga 126