Home Page Icon
Home Page
Table of Contents for
Mastering
Close
Mastering
by Brendan Dillon, Eddy Krygiel, James Vandezande
Mastering Autodesk Revit Architecture 2016: Autodesk Official Press
Foreword
Introduction
Who Should Read This Book
What You Will Learn
The Mastering Series
What's New?
What to Expect
Part 1 Fundamentals
Chapter 1 Introduction: The Basics of BIM
What Is Revit?
Understanding a BIM Workflow
Leveraging BIM Processes
Focusing Your Investment in BIM
The Bottom Line
Chapter 2 Applying the Principles of the User Interface and Project Organization
Understanding the User Interface
Defining Project Organization
The Bottom Line
Chapter 3 The Basics of the Toolbox
Selecting, Modifying, and Replacing Elements
Editing Elements Interactively
Exploring Other Editing Tools
Modeling Site Context
The Bottom Line
Chapter 4 Configuring Templates and Standards
Introducing Project Templates
Customizing Project Settings for Graphic Quality
Increasing Efficient View Management
Creating Custom Annotations
Starting a Project with a Custom Template
Strategies for Managing Templates
The Bottom Line
Part 2 Collaboration and Teamwork
Chapter 5 Working in a Team
Understanding Worksharing Basics
Enabling Worksharing on Your Project
Organizing Worksets
Managing Workflow with Worksets
Understanding Element Ownership in Worksets
Collaborating in the Cloud
The Bottom Line
Chapter 6 Working with Consultants
Preparing for Collaboration
Managing the Coordination Process
Using Linked Models in Revit
Using the Coordination Tools
The Bottom Line
Chapter 7 Interoperability: Working Multiplatform
Examining Interoperability on a BIM Curve
Inserting CAD Data
Using Inserted 2D Data
Using Inserted 3D Data
Exporting CAD Data
Exporting 2D CAD Data
Exporting 3D Model Data
The Bottom Line
Part 3 Modeling and Massing for Design
Chapter 8 Advanced Modeling and Massing
The Massing User Interface and Functionality
Using Free-form Building Massing
Creating Formula-driven Massing
The Bottom Line
Chapter 9 Conceptual Design and Design Analysis
Analysis for Sustainability
Creating a Conceptual Mass
Energy Modeling
The Bottom Line
Chapter 10 Working with Phasing, Groups, and Design Options
Using Phasing
Creating and Using Groups
Making Design Options for Design Iteration
Combining Phasing, Groups, and Design Options
The Bottom Line
Chapter 11 Visualization
Explaining the Role of Visualization
Understanding View Controls
Understanding Analytic Visualization
Understanding Photorealistic Visualization
The Bottom Line
Part 4 Extended Modeling Techniques
Chapter 12 Creating Walls and Curtain Walls
Using Extended Modeling Techniques for Basic Walls
Creating Stacked Walls
Creating Simple Curtain Walls
Creating Complex Curtain Walls
The Bottom Line
Chapter 13 Modeling Floors, Ceilings, and Roofs
Understanding Floor Types
Sketching for Floors, Ceilings, and Roofs
Modeling Slab Edges
Modeling Floor Finishes
Creating Ceilings
Understanding Roof Modeling Methods
Using Advanced Shape Editing with Floors and Roofs
The Bottom Line
Chapter 14 Designing with the Family Editor
Getting Started with a Family
Developing the Framework for a Family Component
Modeling Techniques in the Family Editor
Troubleshooting Techniques
The Bottom Line
Chapter 15 Creating Stairs and Railings
Designing Stairs and Railings
Reviewing the Key Components of Stairs and Railings
Creating Stairs
Annotating Stairs
Creating Railings
Using the Railing Tool for Other Objects
The Bottom Line
Part 5 Documentation
Chapter 16 Detailing Your Design
Creating Details
Detailing Tools
Adding Detail Components to Families
Reusing Details from Other Files
The Bottom Line
Chapter 17 Documenting Your Design
Documenting Plans
Creating Schedules and Legends
Laying Out Sheets
The Bottom Line
Chapter 18 Annotating Your Design
Annotating with Text and Keynotes
Annotating with Tags
Adding Dimensions
Annotating with Project and Shared Parameters
The Bottom Line
Part 6 Construction and Beyond
Chapter 19 Working in the Construction Phase
Using Revisions in Your Project
Using Digital Markups
Modeling for Construction
The Bottom Line
Chapter 20 Presenting Your Design
Understanding Color Fill Legends
Presenting with 3D Views
Editing Viewport Types
Creating “Exploded” Axonometric Views
The Bottom Line
Chapter 21 Working with Point Clouds
Understanding LiDAR
Planning for a LiDAR Survey
Using the Scan in a Project
The Bottom Line
Appendices
Appendix A The Bottom Line
Chapter 1: Introduction: The Basics of BIM
Chapter 2: Applying the Principles of the User Interface and Project Organization
Chapter 3: The Basics of the Toolbox
Chapter 4: Configuring Templates and Standards
Chapter 5: Working in a Team
Chapter 6: Working with Consultants
Chapter 7: Interoperability: Working Multiplatform
Chapter 8: Modeling and Massing for Design
Chapter 9: Conceptual Design and Design Analysis
Chapter 10: Working with Phasing, Groups, and Design Options
Chapter 11: Visualization
Chapter 12: Creating Walls and Curtain Walls
Chapter 13: Modeling Floors, Ceilings, and Roofs
Chapter 14: Designing with the Family Editor
Chapter 15: Creating Stairs and Railings
Chapter 16: Detailing Your Design
Chapter 17: Documenting Your Design
Chapter 18: Annotating Your Design
Chapter 19: Working in the Construction Phase
Chapter 20: Presenting Your Design
Chapter 21: Working with Point Clouds
Appendix B Tips, Tricks, and Troubleshooting
Optimizing Performance
Use Best Practices
Quality Control
Other Tips and Shortcuts
Additional Resources
Appendix C Autodesk Revit Architecture Certification
Index
EULA
Search in book...
Toggle Font Controls
Playlists
Add To
Create new playlist
Name your new playlist
Playlist description (optional)
Cancel
Create playlist
Sign In
Email address
Password
Forgot Password?
Create account
Login
or
Continue with Facebook
Continue with Google
Sign Up
Full Name
Email address
Confirm Email Address
Password
Login
Create account
or
Continue with Facebook
Continue with Google
Prev
Previous Chapter
Mastering
Next
Next Chapter
Foreword
Contents
Foreword
Introduction
Who Should Read This Book
What You Will Learn
The Mastering Series
What's New?
What to Expect
Part 1 Fundamentals
Chapter 1 Introduction: The Basics of BIM
What Is Revit?
Understanding a BIM Workflow
Leveraging BIM Processes
Focusing Your Investment in BIM
The Bottom Line
Chapter 2 Applying the Principles of the User Interface and Project Organization
Understanding the User Interface
Defining Project Organization
The Bottom Line
Chapter 3 The Basics of the Toolbox
Selecting, Modifying, and Replacing Elements
Editing Elements Interactively
Exploring Other Editing Tools
Modeling Site Context
The Bottom Line
Chapter 4 Configuring Templates and Standards
Introducing Project Templates
Customizing Project Settings for Graphic Quality
Increasing Efficient View Management
Creating Custom Annotations
Starting a Project with a Custom Template
Strategies for Managing Templates
The Bottom Line
Part 2 Collaboration and Teamwork
Chapter 5 Working in a Team
Understanding Worksharing Basics
Enabling Worksharing on Your Project
Organizing Worksets
Managing Workflow with Worksets
Understanding Element Ownership in Worksets
Collaborating in the Cloud
The Bottom Line
Chapter 6 Working with Consultants
Preparing for Collaboration
Managing the Coordination Process
Using Linked Models in Revit
Using the Coordination Tools
The Bottom Line
Chapter 7 Interoperability: Working Multiplatform
Examining Interoperability on a BIM Curve
Inserting CAD Data
Using Inserted 2D Data
Using Inserted 3D Data
Exporting CAD Data
Exporting 2D CAD Data
Exporting 3D Model Data
The Bottom Line
Part 3 Modeling and Massing for Design
Chapter 8 Advanced Modeling and Massing
The Massing User Interface and Functionality
Using Free-form Building Massing
Creating Formula-driven Massing
The Bottom Line
Chapter 9 Conceptual Design and Design Analysis
Analysis for Sustainability
Creating a Conceptual Mass
Energy Modeling
The Bottom Line
Chapter 10 Working with Phasing, Groups, and Design Options
Using Phasing
Creating and Using Groups
Making Design Options for Design Iteration
Combining Phasing, Groups, and Design Options
The Bottom Line
Chapter 11 Visualization
Explaining the Role of Visualization
Understanding View Controls
Understanding Analytic Visualization
Understanding Photorealistic Visualization
The Bottom Line
Part 4 Extended Modeling Techniques
Chapter 12 Creating Walls and Curtain Walls
Using Extended Modeling Techniques for Basic Walls
Creating Stacked Walls
Creating Simple Curtain Walls
Creating Complex Curtain Walls
The Bottom Line
Chapter 13 Modeling Floors, Ceilings, and Roofs
Understanding Floor Types
Sketching for Floors, Ceilings, and Roofs
Modeling Slab Edges
Modeling Floor Finishes
Creating Ceilings
Understanding Roof Modeling Methods
Using Advanced Shape Editing with Floors and Roofs
The Bottom Line
Chapter 14 Designing with the Family Editor
Getting Started with a Family
Developing the Framework for a Family Component
Modeling Techniques in the Family Editor
Troubleshooting Techniques
The Bottom Line
Chapter 15 Creating Stairs and Railings
Designing Stairs and Railings
Reviewing the Key Components of Stairs and Railings
Creating Stairs
Annotating Stairs
Creating Railings
Using the Railing Tool for Other Objects
The Bottom Line
Part 5 Documentation
Chapter 16 Detailing Your Design
Creating Details
Detailing Tools
Adding Detail Components to Families
Reusing Details from Other Files
The Bottom Line
Chapter 17 Documenting Your Design
Documenting Plans
Creating Schedules and Legends
Laying Out Sheets
The Bottom Line
Chapter 18 Annotating Your Design
Annotating with Text and Keynotes
Annotating with Tags
Adding Dimensions
Annotating with Project and Shared Parameters
The Bottom Line
Part 6 Construction and Beyond
Chapter 19 Working in the Construction Phase
Using Revisions in Your Project
Using Digital Markups
Modeling for Construction
The Bottom Line
Chapter 20 Presenting Your Design
Understanding Color Fill Legends
Presenting with 3D Views
Editing Viewport Types
Creating “Exploded” Axonometric Views
The Bottom Line
Chapter 21 Working with Point Clouds
Understanding LiDAR
Planning for a LiDAR Survey
Using the Scan in a Project
The Bottom Line
Appendices
Appendix A The Bottom Line
Chapter 1: Introduction: The Basics of BIM
Chapter 2: Applying the Principles of the User Interface and Project Organization
Chapter 3: The Basics of the Toolbox
Chapter 4: Configuring Templates and Standards
Chapter 5: Working in a Team
Chapter 6: Working with Consultants
Chapter 7: Interoperability: Working Multiplatform
Chapter 8: Modeling and Massing for Design
Chapter 9: Conceptual Design and Design Analysis
Chapter 10: Working with Phasing, Groups, and Design Options
Chapter 11: Visualization
Chapter 12: Creating Walls and Curtain Walls
Chapter 13: Modeling Floors, Ceilings, and Roofs
Chapter 14: Designing with the Family Editor
Chapter 15: Creating Stairs and Railings
Chapter 16: Detailing Your Design
Chapter 17: Documenting Your Design
Chapter 18: Annotating Your Design
Chapter 19: Working in the Construction Phase
Chapter 20: Presenting Your Design
Chapter 21: Working with Point Clouds
Appendix B Tips, Tricks, and Troubleshooting
Optimizing Performance
Use Best Practices
Quality Control
Other Tips and Shortcuts
Additional Resources
Appendix C Autodesk Revit Architecture Certification
Index
EULA
List of Tables
Chapter 14
Table 14.1
Table 14.2
Appendix C
Table C.1
Table C.2
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1
Figure 1.1
A CAD-based workflow
Figure 1.2
A BIM-based workflow
Figure 1.3
Service opportunities that BIM supports
Figure 1.4
An example of rapid prototyping using BIM data
Figure 1.5
Even 2D views can evolve to illustrate and analyze spatial properties.
Figure 1.6
Construction documentation can begin to transform from 2D to 3D.
Figure 1.7
Two different methods of using 3D presentation views
Figure 1.8
A still from an animation showing accurate physical conditions for the project
Figure 1.9
BIM environmental analysis time comparison
Figure 1.10
Daylighting overlay from Autodesk® 3ds Max® Design software
Figure 1.11
The effort curves in the design and construction industry
Figure 1.12
BIM provides the most leverage when it is implemented early in the design.
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1
The Revit Architecture 2016 UI
Figure 2.2
Customizing the QAT
Figure 2.3
The InfoCenter
Figure 2.4
The ribbon
Figure 2.5
Setting the UI options
Figure 2.6
Example of a contextual tab
Figure 2.7
Panels can be relocated anywhere in the UI.
Figure 2.8
Special panel features
Figure 2.9
Options appear in a bar below the ribbon.
Figure 2.10
Properties palette
Figure 2.11
Project Browser
Figure 2.12
Browser Organization Properties dialog box
Figure 2.13
Properties palette and Project Browser combined in a tabbed or stacked palette
Figure 2.14
Working sheet view
Figure 2.15
View control bar examples
Figure 2.16
Temporary View Properties command
Figure 2.17
Active view with Temporary View Properties applied
Figure 2.18
Graphic Display Options dialog box
Figure 2.19
Sketch mode with active work plane
Figure 2.20
ViewCube context menu
Figure 2.21
The SpaceNavigator 3D mouse from 3Dconnexion
Figure 2.22
Revit organizational chart
Figure 2.23
Datum objects
Figure 2.24
Create multiple copies of levels.
Figure 2.25
Adding views to levels
Figure 2.26
Controlling the 3D (analytic) extents of the datum
Figure 2.27
3D (analytic) extents affect visibility of datum objects.
Figure 2.28
Customizing 3D and 2D extents of datum objects
Figure 2.29
Adjusting the graphic extents of a level
Figure 2.30
Adding an elbow to a level
Figure 2.31
Adjusting the 2D extents of grids
Figure 2.32
Propagating extents to other views
Figure 2.33
Extent commands in the context menu
Figure 2.34
Concentric walls
Figure 2.35
Reference planes and levels shown in elevation
Figure 2.36
Finished walls
Figure 2.37
Section view
Figure 2.38
Selecting a family template
Figure 2.39
Instance parameters of a wall
Figure 2.40
Type parameters of a wall
Figure 2.41
Visibility and graphic overrides for an elevation
Figure 2.42
Creating new views from the ribbon
Figure 2.43
Duplicating views from the Project Browser
Figure 2.44
View Range dialog box
Figure 2.45
View range properties explained
Figure 2.46
Elevation tag orientation
Figure 2.47
Creating additional elevations
Figure 2.48
Elevation extents
Figure 2.49
Section properties and extents
Figure 2.50
Building and Detail sections shown in plan view
Figure 2.51
Be aware of the different types of callouts you can create from the Type Selector.
Figure 2.52
Detail callouts can be set to show in intersecting views.
Figure 2.53
Use the search bar with the Reference Other View option.
Figure 2.54
Legend components
Figure 2.55
An example of a keynote legend placed on a sheet
Figure 2.56
Creating 3D view types and toggling between them
Figure 2.57
Setting camera and target origins
Figure 2.58
Modifying the view size and field of view
Figure 2.59
The Far Clip Offset is too shallow.
Figure 2.60
Section box applied to a 3D view
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1
The right end of the Modify tab changes based on the element that is selected: (a) the Modify | Roofs tab; (b) the Modify | Walls tab; (c) the Modify | Floors tab.
Figure 3.2
Use selection options to avoid picking elements, such as links or pinned elements. These options are found in the Select expanded panel (a) and the status bar (b).
Figure 3.3
Use the Filter dialog box to fine-tune your selections.
Figure 3.4
The Properties palette contains the Type Selector (a) and is used to set view properties when no objects are selected.
Figure 3.5
Use the Properties palette to filter selection sets.
Figure 3.6
Run recent commands from the context menu.
Figure 3.7
Drag or click the blue grip to change the reference of the temporary dimension.
Figure 3.8
The Temporary Dimension Properties dialog box lets you define default behaviors based on your modeling needs.
Figure 3.9
Once an object is selected, it can be set to move with nearby elements: (a) Select the furniture, and then select the Move with Nearby Elements tool; (b) note that the elements keep their relationships.
Figure 3.10
The flip arrow is another way to reorient an element. For walls, it is always found on the exterior side.
Figure 3.11
The sink, toilet, and bath fixtures are mirrored around the centerline of the chase wall: (a) selecting the axis; (b) the mirrored elements.
Figure 3.12
The Move To 2nd option is used in the Array tool to set a fixed distance between instances: (a) setting the array distance; (b) changing the number of elements in the array.
Figure 3.13
This array uses the Move To Last option and fills instances between the first and last instances: (a) creating an array first to last; (b) adding more elements to this array to keep the end element in the same location but add more in between.
Figure 3.14
Elements will auto-rotate in a radial array.
Figure 3.15
You can use the Align tool for lining up edges of windows in a facade.
Figure 3.16
Extend walls to references by picking the target (a) and then the wall to extend (b).
Figure 3.17
Using the Split Element tool with the Delete Inner Segment option checked
Figure 3.18
Use Offset with Tab-select to copy a chain of elements.
Figure 3.19
A door constrained to a wall can’t be moved independently of the wall.
Figure 3.20
Deleting a constrained dimension generates an alert.
Figure 3.21
Using Reveal Constraints view mode
Figure 3.22
Intersections at Level 2 have been joined: (a) unjoined; (b) joined.
Figure 3.23
Additional actions are available when pasting elements.
Figure 3.24
Edit Pasted mode allows additional modification of pasted elements.
Figure 3.25
Paste Aligned options
Figure 3.26
Customize keyboard shortcuts for commonly used Revit commands.
Figure 3.27
A toposurface can host components, such as trees, people, vehicles, and other entourage.
Figure 3.28
A toposurface will appear as a solid in a 3D view only if a section box is used.
Figure 3.29
A simple toposurface created by placing points
Figure 3.30
Linked CAD file as seen in a 3D view
Figure 3.31
Select only the layers containing 3D contour information.
Figure 3.32
The sketch boundary for a subregion must be a closed loop but can overlap the edge of the toposurface.
Figure 3.33
The subregion is assigned a different material for visualization purposes.
Figure 3.34
Sketch lines that overlap the edge of the topographic surface.
Figure 3.35
A split region after editing the elevation of a corner point
Figure 3.36
Compare the difference between an edited split region (a) and an edited point directly on the surface (b).
Figure 3.37
This section view illustrates how the building pad adjusts the extents of the topographic surface.
Figure 3.38
A property line can be defined in a table of distances and bearings.
Figure 3.39
Tags are applied to display the distance and bearing of each segment of the property line.
Figure 3.40
Use Tab-select to place a property area tag for all segments.
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1
Starting a new project template from scratch
Figure 4.2
The Object Styles dialog box gives you graphic control of all Revit categories and their subcategories.
Figure 4.3
Customizing the cut display of geometry in a family
Figure 4.4
Model line weights vary depending on the view scale.
Figure 4.5
This dialog box displays all line patterns in the project.
Figure 4.6
Line patterns consist of dashes, spaces, and dots.
Figure 4.7
Line styles consist of weight, color, and pattern.
Figure 4.8
Materials define the surface and cut patterns, color, and render material of the elements.
Figure 4.9
Manage material properties using the Material Browser.
Figure 4.10
Use identity data to classify, find, tag, and schedule materials.
Figure 4.11
Use the Asset Browser to access material assets in the document or a material library.
Figure 4.12
The Asset Browser can also be used to replace an asset assigned to a material.
Figure 4.13
Accessing different sorting options in the Material Browser
Figure 4.14
Fill patterns are defined separately for drafting and model representations.
Figure 4.15
The CMU wall has both a drafting pattern (cut) and a model pattern (surface) defined.
Figure 4.16
From left to right: a simple fill pattern, a simple fill pattern with the Crosshatch option selected, and a custom fill pattern
Figure 4.17
From left to right: Orient To View, Keep Readable, and Align With Element
Figure 4.18
The New Pattern dialog box displays the imported PAT file in the Custom group.
Figure 4.19
Create a new filled region type with your new custom fill pattern.
Figure 4.20
Edit color schemes to add predefined values, colors, and fill patterns.
Figure 4.21
Select from predefined values in the Properties palette of a room.
Figure 4.22
Color-filled plans can use predefined values in templates.
Figure 4.23
Accessing browser organization settings in the ribbon
Figure 4.24
Use view properties and parameters to create folders for the Project Browser.
Figure 4.25
Create custom project parameters for additional view organization options.
Figure 4.26
Customized Browser Organizations can make larger projects easier to navigate.
Figure 4.27
Filter rules applied to walls for fire ratings
Figure 4.28
View Templates dialog box
Figure 4.29
Specify a view template for new views within a view type.
Figure 4.30
The Loaded Tags dialog box shows loaded annotation families assigned to selected categories.
Figure 4.31
Floor plan showing the room tag
Figure 4.32
Creating a custom door tag
Figure 4.33
Adding more than one parameter to a single label
Figure 4.34
The custom tags applied to doors comprise actual door sizes.
Figure 4.35
Creating a SIM type section tag
Figure 4.36
The default tags
Figure 4.37
Customizing the section tag
Figure 4.38
Place labels for Detail Number and Sheet Number.
Figure 4.39
Draw the outline of the filled region to form the section arrow.
Figure 4.40
The completed custom section tag
Figure 4.41
Customizing the callout tag
Figure 4.42
Define the custom linework and sheet number for the elevation mark body.
Figure 4.43
Custom elevation pointer composed of lines, filled region, and labels
Figure 4.44
The nested pointer family is placed four times in the head family.
Figure 4.45
A customized elevation tag for interior elevations
Figure 4.46
Add your custom project templates to File Locations in the Options dialog box.
Figure 4.47
Additive template approach
Figure 4.48
Subtractive template approach
Figure 4.49
Select categories to be transferred between projects.
Figure 4.50
Transferring project standards with duplicate types
Figure 4.51
Insert Views can be used to transfer an entire sheet of drafting views into your project.
Figure 4.52
Insert 2D Elements dialog box
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1
The worksharing concept
Figure 5.2
The Collaborate tab
Figure 5.3
Activating worksharing
Figure 5.4
The Worksets dialog box
Figure 5.5
The Save command will create a central file with only the default settings.
Figure 5.6
Options for saving a project file
Figure 5.7
Synchronizing with central to relinquish permissions
Figure 5.8
Selecting the starting view
Figure 5.9
Create a new local file from the Open dialog box.
Figure 5.10
Overwriting existing local files
Figure 5.11
Workset options when opening a file
Figure 5.12
Closing a file while retaining ownership of worksets
Figure 5.13
Changing the default username
Figure 5.14
Creating new worksets in the project
Figure 5.15
Isolating Workset1 in Visibility/Graphic Overrides
Figure 5.16
Use the Filter tool to select specific object categories.
Figure 5.17
Assign the Workset property to multiple elements.
Figure 5.18
Select only Model Groups in the Filter dialog box.
Figure 5.19
Setting the active workset in the ribbon
Figure 5.20
Setting the active workset in the status bar
Figure 5.21
Workset assignment displayed in status bar, Properties, palette, and pop-up information.
Figure 5.22
Synchronize With Central command on the ribbon
Figure 5.23
Synchronize With Central dialog box
Figure 5.24
Changes Not Synchronized With Central dialog box
Figure 5.25
Checkout Status tab
Figure 5.26
Owners tab
Figure 5.27
Model Updates tab
Figure 5.28
Worksets tab
Figure 5.29
Modifying the settings for Worksharing Update Frequency
Figure 5.30
Workset settings in view templates
Figure 5.31
Saving options when closing a local file
Figure 5.32
The Close Project Without Saving dialog box
Figure 5.33
Disabling worksharing
Figure 5.34
The worksharing icon on a selected element
Figure 5.35
Making an element editable using the context menu
Figure 5.36
Placing a request for permission
Figure 5.37
Editing Request Placed dialog box
Figure 5.38
Editing request notification
Figure 5.39
The Editing Requests dialog box
Figure 5.40
(a) Notification of a granted editing request. (b) Alternate notification of a granted request alerting you to Reload Latest
Figure 5.41
Relinquish All Mine
Figure 5.42
The Worksharing Monitor is available for Autodesk Subscription customers.
Figure 5.43
Viewing models online with A360 Drive
Figure 5.44
Using the A360 online viewing engine
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1
The relationships of interdisciplinary coordination
Figure 6.2
Suggestions for collaboration tools to be used between disciplines
Figure 6.3
Linked files must use the same platform version, and all worksharing team members should use the same build.
Figure 6.4
Diagram of the relationship between project internal origins and shared coordinates in linked models
Figure 6.5
Creating multiple locations for a single linked model
Figure 6.6
The Project Base Point and Survey Point settings are found under Site in Visibility/Graphic Overrides.
Figure 6.7
The survey point can be considered similar to a real-world geodetic survey marker.
Figure 6.8
Using tiled windows helps you examine the effect of project and shared coordinates.
Figure 6.9
Determining the reference type of linked Revit models
Figure 6.10
Notification of nested models using the Overlay setting
Figure 6.11
Use the Specify option to close worksets when linking.
Figure 6.12
Access worksets of linked files from Manage Links.
Figure 6.13
Schematic representation of a complex project assembled with multiple linked models
Figure 6.14
Enable all custom display settings for a linked RVT file.
Figure 6.15
Enable custom display settings for model categories of a linked RVT file.
Figure 6.16
Element tabs available for Copy/Monitor in Revit Architecture
Figure 6.17
The Copy/Monitor Options dialog box allows customization for intelligent collaboration.
Figure 6.18
The Coordination Review dialog box lists inconsistencies in monitored elements.
Figure 6.19
3D coordination model in Navisworks Manage
Figure 6.20
Select categories to be included in an interference check.
Figure 6.21
The results of an interference check are displayed in the Interference Report window.
Chapter 7
Figure 7.1
The BIM curve shows loss of data without interoperability at project milestones.
Figure 7.2
Defining settings for imported DWG/DXF line weights
Figure 7.3
Options available for import/link
Figure 7.4
Querying objects within a linked CAD file
Figure 7.5
Controlling visibility of layers within imported objects
Figure 7.6
Changing the graphic appearance of imported layers via object styles
Figure 7.7
Existing 2D CAD data integrated with the Revit model
Figure 7.8
Creating a view as a reference to a drafting view
Figure 7.9
Callout created to reference a drafting view containing a linked CAD detail
Figure 7.10
Curves for a complex surface in Rhino
Figure 7.11
Completed complex surface in Rhino
Figure 7.12
Complex surface linked as an in-place mass
Figure 7.13
Roof By Face applied to the mass with linked SAT geometry
Figure 7.14
Completed roof with tops of walls attached
Figure 7.15
The structural model displayed in AutoCAD
Figure 7.16
CAD-based structural model linked into a Revit project
Figure 7.17
First view of DWG Export dialog box
Figure 7.18
Viewing available export sets in the model
Figure 7.19
Create a new export list.
Figure 7.20
Adding views/sheets to the export list
Figure 7.21
Modify DWG/DXF Export Setup dialog
Figure 7.22
Industry-standard layering conventions can be applied to export settings.
Figure 7.23
Modifiers such as Phase Status may be applied to individual or all categories.
Figure 7.24
Line styles can be assigned to specific CAD linetypes.
Figure 7.25
Fill patterns can be assigned to CAD hatch patterns.
Figure 7.26
General options allow further customization of CAD exports.
Figure 7.27
View organization for plans to be exported
Figure 7.28
Add a Phase Status modifier to all categories.
Figure 7.29
Using the section box to expose the layers of the wall
Figure 7.30
Completed wall study in SketchUp
Figure 7.31
Revit model exported to IFC format
Figure 7.32
The open source IFC exporter user interface
Figure 7.33
Customize and save IFC export setups
Figure 7.34
Customize the mapping of Revit categories to IFC entities.
Figure 7.35
Create subcategories in a family for customized classification.
Figure 7.36
Subcategories can be mapped directly to IFC classifications.
Figure 7.37
Use specific shared parameters to customize IFC mapping.
Chapter 8
Figure 8.1
Building massing in the context of an existing neighborhood
Figure 8.2
Building massing in the Family Editor
Figure 8.3
Custom-shaped wall as an in-place element
Figure 8.4
Standard wall type applied to the face of a mass
Figure 8.5
Non-massing form-creation tools
Figure 8.6
The Create Form tool
Figure 8.7
Model lines and reference lines
Figure 8.8
Selecting the Mass category
Figure 8.9
Enabling the Show Mass mode
Figure 8.10
Naming the mass
Figure 8.11
Cube, pyramid, and sphere masses
Figure 8.12
Create Form options for a circle
Figure 8.13
Draw two reference planes in the pyramid sketch
Figure 8.14
Sketch a triangle in elevation.
Figure 8.15
Cube, pyramid, and sphere.
Figure 8.16
The Gable mass family is placed and modified.
Figure 8.17
Create multiple intersecting levels
Figure 8.18
Floor area faces assigned to mass forms
Figure 8.19
Creating a schedule
Figure 8.20
Scheduled fields
Figure 8.21
Create a calculated value for volume-to-floor ratio.
Figure 8.22
Create a calculated value for the surface-to-floor ratio.
Figure 8.23
Completed schedule
Figure 8.24
Reference line segment types
Figure 8.25
Reference line control points
Figure 8.26
Surface forms
Figure 8.27
Surfaces based on multiple splines
Figure 8.28
Single and multi-spline surfaces
Figure 8.29
Adding a profile
Figure 8.30
Moved profile
Figure 8.31
Additional spline added
Figure 8.32
New surface form
Figure 8.33
Edited center spline
Figure 8.34
Spline-based surfaces
Figure 8.35
Creating a solid form
Figure 8.36
Face control
Figure 8.37
Edge control
Figure 8.38
Vertex control
Figure 8.39
Adding an edge to a form
Figure 8.40
Pushing the face
Figure 8.41
Adding a profile to the form
Figure 8.42
Pulling the edge to create a warped surface
Figure 8.43
Adding more edges to eliminate warped surfaces
Figure 8.44
Pulling the upper edge
Figure 8.45
Using Dissolve to remove the mass solid
Figure 8.46
Making a lofted blend from three profiles
Figure 8.47
Making a blend from two profiles at a time
Figure 8.48
Deleting the right edge to modify the profile
Figure 8.49
Selecting the work plane
Figure 8.50
Creating additional mass forms
Figure 8.51
Creating another form
Figure 8.52
Using shape handles
Figure 8.53
The finished form
Figure 8.54
Adding a void
Figure 8.55
Converting a solid to a void
Figure 8.56
Cutting the void
Figure 8.57
Message box explaining you can’t change the category to Mass
Figure 8.58
First reference line
Figure 8.59
Second reference line
Figure 8.60
Setting the work plane
Figure 8.61
Establish equality dimensions.
Figure 8.62
Parameter dimensions added to the bottom sketch
Figure 8.63
Top width parameters and sketch
Figure 8.64
Twisting the blend with reference lines
Figure 8.65
Test the dimensional parameters before continuing.
Figure 8.66
Turning a solid into a void
Figure 8.67
Selecting the edges of the blend
Figure 8.68
Adding parameters to the profile width and height
Figure 8.69
The finished sweep
Figure 8.70
Adding levels that extend across the elevation of your massing
Figure 8.71
Adding pattern-based components
Figure 8.72
Perspective views
Figure 8.73
Rendering of the generic massing project
Figure 8.74
The Massing user interface
Figure 8.75
The Family Types dialog box
Figure 8.76
Dimensioned reference lines
Figure 8.77
Moving the point element
Figure 8.78
Adding a parameter to the point element
Figure 8.79
Selecting Always next to Show Reference
Figure 8.80
Reference line sketches and dimensions
Figure 8.81
Testing the parameters driving the form
Figure 8.82
Increasing the WCPL instance parameter
Figure 8.83
Increasing the APL parameter
Figure 8.84
Adding patterns to the face of your mass
Figure 8.85
Floor area faces
Chapter 9
Figure 9.1
Placing reference points
Figure 9.2
Making points adaptive
Figure 9.3
Connecting the four adaptive points
Figure 9.4
Adding points to the reference lines
Figure 9.5
Adding a family parameter to the point
Figure 9.6
Adding a family parameter to the point
Figure 9.7
Parameters associated with points
Figure 9.8
Add formulas to control the point locations.
Figure 9.9
Add a reference line between the two middle points.
Figure 9.10
Add the spline to connect the points.
Figure 9.11
Adding model lines to connect the other points
Figure 9.12
Creating a form out of the model lines
Figure 9.13
Select the correct work plane for the spline.
Figure 9.14
Draw two splines on either side of the work plane.
Figure 9.15
Adding reference lines
Figure 9.16
Adding points to the reference lines
Figure 9.17
Aligning the points and reference lines
Figure 9.18
Creating several instances of the selection and adding points
Figure 9.19
Inserting the adaptive component into the mass
Figure 9.20
Anchoring the adaptive component to the mass
Figure 9.21
Creating several instances of the selection and adding points
Figure 9.22
Creating several instances of the selection and adding points
Figure 9.23
Energy use in the United States
Figure 9.24
The Energy Analysis panel in the ribbon
Figure 9.25
Create levels and mass floors.
Figure 9.26
The Energy Settings dialog box
Figure 9.27
In Location Weather and Site, first specify the location and weather station.
Figure 9.28
Conceptual Constructions allow you to test assumptions about massing forms.
Figure 9.29
Assumptions for glazing are illustrated on exterior surfaces of the massing form at the default of 40%.
Figure 9.30
Conceptual shading elements are added to all sides of the massing form.
Figure 9.31
Generate the analytical energy model to begin the simulation.
Figure 9.32
The Results And Compare window
Figure 9.33
Sample results
Figure 9.34
Create another simulation run for the existing project.
Figure 9.35
Use an alternate Show Mass setting.
Figure 9.36
Select an individual surface of the conceptual massing energy model.
Figure 9.37
Comparing carbon emissions between two simulation runs
Figure 9.38
Default perimeter zones
Figure 9.39
Sketch a rectangular shape outside the massing form.
Figure 9.40
Make the extrusion as tall as the tower form.
Figure 9.41
Move the core mass into the tower form.
Figure 9.42
The core mass is now joined with the tower mass.
Figure 9.43
The energy model is enabled with the massing core.
Figure 9.44
Make sure your building envelope is fully enclosed.
Figure 9.45
Use the Filter tool to select only the rooms.
Figure 9.46
Modifying the room height
Figure 9.47
Opening Area And Volume Computations
Figure 9.48
Enabling volume calculations for rooms
Figure 9.49
Exporting gbXML settings
Figure 9.50
Exporting complexity settings
Figure 9.51
The Details tab allows you to examine any errors or warnings.
Chapter 10
Figure 10.1
Creating a construction sequence instance parameter for project geometry
Figure 10.2
Developing filters by parameter
Figure 10.3
Applying filters to graphic override settings
Figure 10.4
Using parameters and view filters to override graphics
Figure 10.5
Changing the phase of geometry (near the bottom of the dialog box)
Figure 10.6
The phase of a room may not be changed after placement.
Figure 10.7
Changing the phase of a view
Figure 10.8
The Phasing dialog box
Figure 10.9
Creating additional project phases
Figure 10.10
Assigning available phases
Figure 10.11
The Phase Filters tab with seven predefined phases
Figure 10.12
Setting a filter override
Figure 10.13
The Graphic Overrides tab
Figure 10.14
Four generic walls
Figure 10.15
Default shaded overrides for phasing
Figure 10.16
The Material Browser dialog box
Figure 10.17
Editing the Phase - Exist material
Figure 10.18
Overriding the color value
Figure 10.19
Finished shading values
Figure 10.20
Phasing options for a view
Figure 10.21
Show All phase filter for the New Construction phase
Figure 10.22
Shaded plan view of phased elements
Figure 10.23
Show All phase filter for the Existing phase
Figure 10.24
Show Previous + Demo phase filter
Figure 10.25
Show Previous phase filter
Figure 10.26
Show Previous + New phase filter
Figure 10.27
Changing the phase filter settings
Figure 10.28
Show Previous + New phase filter with temporary elements added
Figure 10.29
Show Demo + New phase filter
Figure 10.30
Show New phase filter
Figure 10.31
Show Complete phase filter
Figure 10.32
Four walls and dimensions
Figure 10.33
Creating the model and attached detail group
Figure 10.34
Copied model group
Figure 10.35
Attached Detail Group Placement dialog box
Figure 10.36
Identical groups
Figure 10.37
Adding a door outside of Edit Group mode
Figure 10.38
Edit Group mode
Figure 10.39
Finished group
Figure 10.40
Duplicating a group
Figure 10.41
Modifying the second group type
Figure 10.42
Insertion points in different groups
Figure 10.43
Relocating insertion points
Figure 10.44
Exchanged groups
Figure 10.45
A column location conflicts with the door in our sample group.
Figure 10.46
Adding a new door using Create Similar
Figure 10.47
Selecting elements in groups
Figure 10.48
Excluded group elements will display when the group is selected.
Figure 10.49
Saving groups from the Project Browser
Figure 10.50
Loading groups with the same name
Figure 10.51
Retaining excluded group elements
Figure 10.52
Use the Link Revit command to add groups as links.
Figure 10.53
Walls don’t join to linked models.
Figure 10.54
Wall joins are resolved when linked models are bound in the current project.
Figure 10.55
Avoid attaching with groups.
Figure 10.56
Resolving attachments warning
Figure 10.57
Create a simple layout of walls to begin studying design options.
Figure 10.58
Launching the Design Options tool
Figure 10.59
Creating an option set and two options
Figure 10.60
Using the Add To Set tool on the Design Options panel
Figure 10.61
Adding elements to option sets
Figure 10.62
Accessing Edit Option mode
Figure 10.63
Adding a wall in Edit Option mode
Figure 10.64
The Design Options tab displays <Automatic>.
Figure 10.65
Locking the view to a design option
Figure 10.66
Accepting the primary design option
Figure 10.67
Delete or preserve views related to deleted design options.
Figure 10.68
Deleting an option set
Figure 10.69
Deleting an option within an option set
Figure 10.70
The existing floor plan
Figure 10.71
Create two new construction phases.
Figure 10.72
Demolished walls
Figure 10.73
Phase 1 proposed layout
Figure 10.74
Phase 1 proposed layout in perspective view
Figure 10.75
Demolished walls for Phase 2
Figure 10.76
Phase 2 demolition in a 3D view
Figure 10.77
Proposed layout for the primary option in Phase 2
Figure 10.78
Proposed layout in perspective
Figure 10.79
Add Type and Volume to the list of scheduled fields.
Figure 10.80
Set the Sorting/Grouping options for the demolition schedule.
Figure 10.81
The completed wall demolition schedule
Figure 10.82
Multiple design views assembled on a sheet
Figure 10.83
Create a new design option set with two options.
Figure 10.84
Add the primary design elements to only the first design option.
Figure 10.85
Create an alternate design layout.
Figure 10.86
Place the alternate design option views on a sheet.
Chapter 11
Figure 11.1
2D and orthographic view control bar and perspective view control bar
Figure 11.2
Level of detail
Figure 11.3
View Scale-To-Detail Level Correspondence window
Figure 11.4
Nonidentical views
Figure 11.5
Detail level of chair
Figure 11.6
Graphic Display Options dialog box
Figure 11.7
Visual style settings in the view control bar
Figure 11.8
Wireframe view style
Figure 11.9
Hidden Line view style
Figure 11.10
Shaded view style
Figure 11.11
Consistent Colors view style
Figure 11.12
Realistic view style
Figure 11.13
Interactive Ray Trace mode
Figure 11.14
Perspective view with Transparency override applied
Figure 11.15
Silhouettes style
Figure 11.16
No silhouettes vs. Wide Lines silhouettes
Figure 11.17
Default shadows on
Figure 11.18
The Sun Settings dialog box
Figure 11.19
Increased sun intensity setting
Figure 11.20
Activating ambient light and shadows: (top) without ambient shadows; (bottom) with ambient shadows
Figure 11.21
Sketchy Lines options for more informal presentations
Figure 11.22
Sketchy Line options applied to a 3D view
Figure 11.23
Photographic Exposure settings
Figure 11.24
Manually modifying the Photographic Exposure settings
Figure 11.25
Background settings
Figure 11.26
Default background settings applied to a section view
Figure 11.27
Pulling the section box to isolate a portion of the project
Figure 11.28
Regions between host elements are shown as discrete geometries.
Figure 11.29
Coarse poché material set to solid black
Figure 11.30
The Filters dialog box
Figure 11.31
The default view—unfiltered
Figure 11.32
Creating the filter, category, and filter rule
Figure 11.33
Graphic overrides
Figure 11.34
Applied filter in Shaded view
Figure 11.35
The applied filter in Hidden Line view
Figure 11.36
Multicategory selection
Figure 11.37
User-defined instance parameters
Figure 11.38
Filter parameters
Figure 11.39
Instance parameters
Figure 11.40
The Not In Contract graphic override in action
Figure 11.41
Identifying generic elements
Figure 11.42
Generic host element filter
Figure 11.43
Visual sun path
Figure 11.44
Sun Settings
Figure 11.45
Locating the project
Figure 11.46
Orthographic vs. perspective view
Figure 11.47
Placing the camera in a plan view
Figure 11.48
Reactivate the camera controls with Show Camera.
Figure 11.49
Aspect ratio comparison
Figure 11.50
The Crop Region Size dialog box
Figure 11.51
The Navigation Wheel
Figure 11.52
Lock view settings
Figure 11.53
The finished camera path
Figure 11.54
A walkthrough camera view with associated properties
Figure 11.55
Tiled camera and plan views
Figure 11.56
Edit Walkthrough contextual toolbar
Figure 11.57
Camera path and controls
Figure 11.58
Graphic format controls
Figure 11.59
Default frame count
Figure 11.60
Rendering dialog box
Figure 11.61
(a) Draft setting; (b) Best setting
Figure 11.62
Printer settings
Figure 11.63
Camera view rendered with default materials
Figure 11.64
Abstract rendering
Figure 11.65
Graphic Display Options settings
Figure 11.66
Create a new default material.
Figure 11.67
Assigning the Abstract material
Figure 11.68
Viewing an interior camera view in Hidden Line mode
Figure 11.69
Sun Only rendering
Figure 11.70
Placing light fixtures in the ceiling
Figure 11.71
Light groups
Figure 11.72
Creating light groups
Figure 11.73
Assigning light groups
Figure 11.74
Rendering with light groups
Figure 11.75
Rendering both light groups
Figure 11.76
Rendering without center lights
Figure 11.77
Placing the light fixture over furniture
Figure 11.78
Assigning geometry to a subcategory
Figure 11.79
Rendering with an obscured lens
Figure 11.80
Rendered view with light lens turned off
Figure 11.81
Rendering with materials
Figure 11.82
Sign in to the Autodesk 360 service.
Figure 11.83
Viewing renderings on the cloud rendering website
Chapter 12
Figure 12.1
The Type Properties dialog box for a wall
Figure 12.2
Wall functions can be assigned to different layers for exported CAD files.
Figure 12.3
The Edit Assembly dialog box lets you define the construction layers of a wall type.
Figure 12.4
Layers with the same priority clean up when joined.
Figure 12.5
Two layers with the same priority but different materials. The separation between the two layers is indicated with a thin line.
Figure 12.6
Layer wrapping is a result of a coordinated approach between wall layers and hosted families such as windows.
Figure 12.7
A wall’s outer core boundary is used to define an edge of the floor.
Figure 12.8
Section detail of joined wall and floor slab
Figure 12.9
Default wrapping options can be set in Edit Assembly or Type Parameters.
Figure 12.10
Assign the Wall Closure parameter to a reference plane.
Figure 12.11
Sample wall with added articulation
Figure 12.12
With the section view active, tools for modifying the vertical structure become active.
Figure 12.13
Splitting the exterior finish into two materials
Figure 12.14
(a) Merge vertical layers; (b) merge layers that were previously split.
Figure 12.15
Bullnose sweep added to wall assembly
Figure 12.16
Reveals have been added to the compound wall assembly.
Figure 12.17
Camera view of compound wall with reveals and sweeps
Figure 12.18
Modified wall sweep returns: (a) without the return; (b) with the return checked
Figure 12.19
Examples of wall layers extending past or within the constraints of the wall
Figure 12.20
Using the Modify button, click the padlock icon to unlock layers.
Figure 12.21
(a) Modifying the wall layer to have a base extension; (b) the resultant wall with an extended siding condition
Figure 12.22
Unlocked layers can be modified in a section view by dragging or with the Align or Move tool.
Figure 12.23
Wall joins will clean up by default regardless of phasing.
Figure 12.24
Walls with disallowed joins will overlap.
Figure 12.25
Use Trim/Extend or drag wall endpoints to complete the modification.
Figure 12.26
Use the Wall Joins tool to modify intersecting wall conditions.
Figure 12.27
You can choose various corner conditions with the Wall Joins tool: (a) Butt; (b) Miter; (c) Square Off.
Figure 12.28
Stacked wall attached to an extruded roof
Figure 12.29
The sketch elevation boundary for a stacked wall instance is edited.
Figure 12.30
Manually constructed wall used to create non-vertical surfaces
Figure 12.31
The Edit Assembly dialog box for stacked walls
Figure 12.32
Inserts may not host correctly in vertically stacked walls.
Figure 12.33
Use the Pick Primary Host tool to adjust inserts in stacked walls.
Figure 12.34
Glazed dome created with a curtain system
Figure 12.35
Curtain wall with regular orthogonal grids and expressive curtain panels
Figure 12.36
Curtain wall with a few manually applied grids
Figure 12.37
Select multiple curtain panels along a grid with commands in the context menu.
Figure 12.38
Individual grid lines are added or deleted to further customize the design.
Figure 12.39
A single segment is added to the center panel of the curtain wall.
Figure 12.40
Select the curtain grid in order to add or remove individual segments along it.
Figure 12.41
Mullions are applied to the segment added in the center panels.
Figure 12.42
A segment was removed from the left panel to complete the customized design.
Figure 12.43
Delete the mullion below the panel where the door will be placed.
Figure 12.44
System glazing panel has been swapped for a double door panel family.
Figure 12.45
Available curtain wall corner mullions
Figure 12.46
Corner mullions adapt to angles between curtain wall segments.
Figure 12.47
Sample curtain wall storefront type
Figure 12.48
The Automatically Embed option allows curtain walls to be placed inside basic walls.
Figure 12.49
Conceptual shape to be used as a basis for a complex curtain wall design
Figure 12.50
A surface of the conceptual form has been divided and the UV grid is displayed.
Figure 12.51
To configure the UV grid, click the icon at the center of the surface.
Figure 12.52
The UV grid can be modified directly or via the values in the Properties palette.
Figure 12.53
The surface is divided by intersecting planes and lines.
Figure 12.54
Surface with Rectangle Checkerboard Pattern applied
Figure 12.55
Border parameter set to Empty
Figure 12.56
Use the Surface Representation dialog box to further customize the display of your form.
Figure 12.57
Nodes are displayed at the intersections of the U grids and V grids.
Figure 12.58
The rig in the pattern-based curtain panel family
Figure 12.59
Geometry options are presented when you are using the Create Form tool.
Figure 12.60
The panel form will flex when the points are dragged vertically.
Figure 12.61
A reference point is placed on one of the reference lines.
Figure 12.62
Draw a circle on the vertical work plane of the hosted point.
Figure 12.63
Creating a form from a circle and four reference lines
Figure 12.64
The pattern-based curtain panel component is applied to a surface in a conceptual mass family.
Figure 12.65
Hosted points are placed at the midpoint of two reference lines.
Figure 12.66
A reference line is drawn between two hosted points.
Figure 12.67
Place a hosted point at the midpoint of the reference line.
Figure 12.68
Reference lines are created from the corners to the apex.
Figure 12.69
Select three reference planes, and then use Create Form to generate each face of the pyramid.
Figure 12.70
All four sides of the pyramid have been created.
Figure 12.71
The pyramid panel is populated across the entire surface.
Figure 12.72
A hexagonal panel is constructed within a standard rectangular pattern.
Figure 12.73
The hexagonal panel applied across a divided surface
Figure 12.74
A panel with a swept profile is created to be nested into another panel family.
Figure 12.75
Create another pattern-based family and divide the surface into a 2×2 grid.
Figure 12.76
The simple panel is nested into the divided surface of the host panel.
Figure 12.77
The host panel containing the nested panel is populated on a divided surface.
Figure 12.78
Sample surface with nodes displayed
Figure 12.79
Placing an adaptive panel into a divided surface
Figure 12.80
A conceptual curtain wall is loaded into a project and placed using Place Mass.
Chapter 13
Figure 13.1
You can use a single floor type to show the entire floor/ceiling sandwich in early design.
Figure 13.2
This floor assembly includes an assumption for the depth of structural framing.
Figure 13.3
Floor assemblies for construction should be accurate and separate from structural framing.
Figure 13.4
Structural parameter in a floor’s instance properties
Figure 13.5
Use Pick Walls mode to draw boundary lines.
Figure 13.6
Setting a layer’s function to Structural Deck exposes additional options.
Figure 13.7
Structural floor as represented in Coarse detail level (left) and Medium detail level (right)
Figure 13.8
You can use the Floor By Face tool to manage slabs in more complex building designs.
Figure 13.9
You can configure a pad as a slab on grade for a basement.
Figure 13.10
Using the Pick method: (a) original roof; (b) the entrance wall position has changed, and the roof updates automatically; (c) the angle of the wall to the right of the entrance has changed, and the roof changes to a new shape.
Figure 13.11
Thickened slab edge applied to the bottom of a floor
Figure 13.12
Customized edge applied to a floor assembly in early design
Figure 13.13
Pick edges of the void sweep in a 3D view.
Figure 13.14
Select a loaded profile family for the void sweep.
Figure 13.15
Make sure the sweep profile is facing toward the floor.
Figure 13.16
The edge of the floor sandwich assembly for Level 1 has been customized.
Figure 13.17
Sketch a rectangular boundary with the Split Face tool.
Figure 13.18
Choosing the Carpet Tile material
Figure 13.19
Completed application of carpet tile material to a split face on a floor
Figure 13.20
The thick tile finish and depressed slab are modeled as separate elements.
Figure 13.21
The thick tile finish floor has been joined with the structural floor.
Figure 13.22
Roof instance properties
Figure 13.23
The cutoff level applied to the main roof, and a secondary roof built on top of the main roof using the cutoff level as a base
Figure 13.24
Rafter setting (left) and Truss setting (right) for roofs
Figure 13.25
A simple roof created using the roof-by-footprint method
Figure 13.26
Sample building outline to be sketched on Level 1
Figure 13.27
Roof sketch lines are automatically drawn after Tab+selecting the bounding walls, and they are offset from the walls by the value of the overhang as defined in the Options bar.
Figure 13.28
Uncheck the Defines Roof Slope parameter for two of the roof’s boundary lines.
Figure 13.29
Select the roof and use the blue grips to dynamically change the roof slope.
Figure 13.30
Format dialog box for slopes
Figure 13.31
An extruded spline-shaped roof
Figure 13.32
Extruded roof created at an angle to the building geometry
Figure 13.33
The Vertical Opening tool with two sketch loops trims the roof to the inner loop.
Figure 13.34
Examples of modeled in-place roofs
Figure 13.35
Organic-shaped roof created using the Swept Blend modeling technique
Figure 13.36
Sloped glazing is created by switching a standard roof to the Sloped Glazing type and assigning grids and mullions.
Figure 13.37
Defining the properties of a slope arrow added to an irregular footprint roof sketch
Figure 13.38
Edge condition roof tools
Figure 13.39
The Gutter tool
Figure 13.40
Roof with sloped drainage layer
Figure 13.41
A roof plan showing a roof divided in segments, with drainage points
Figure 13.42
Using the Add Split Line tool, you can create ridges and valleys.
Figure 13.43
Specify variable layers of material in the Edit Assembly dialog box.
Chapter 14
Figure 14.1
Select a family template to begin creating a component family.
Figure 14.2
A baluster family template contains predefined datum objects to manage the geometric behavior.
Figure 14.3
Switching between family categories
Figure 14.4
Wall-hosted plumbing fixtures
Figure 14.5
An example of a generic line-based family
Figure 14.6
A default family illustrating a nested annotation symbol
Figure 14.7
Geometry tools in the conceptual design environment
Figure 14.8
The Autodesk FormIt application can be used to generate mass forms.
Figure 14.9
The Create tab for model families
Figure 14.10
The Create tab for detail and annotation families
Figure 14.11
Imported solid geometry can be exploded and manipulated.
Figure 14.12
Reference planes controlling the parameters of the default
Desk.rfa
family
Figure 14.13
Straight and curved reference lines
Figure 14.14
Sweep geometry using reference lines
Figure 14.15
Reference points in the Draw panel
Figure 14.16
Insertion point for default table families
Figure 14.17
Adding new reference planes to the exercise family
Figure 14.18
Assign your first dimension to a new parameter.
Figure 14.19
Set equality constraints on reference planes first.
Figure 14.20
Establish dimension parameters in the plan.
Figure 14.21
Parameters of a default curtain wall door family
Figure 14.22
A type catalog allows you to choose types to load.
Figure 14.23
The type catalog for the W-Wide Flange family
Figure 14.24
Export options for categories and subcategories
Figure 14.25
Create a new family subcategory.
Figure 14.26
Family Element Visibility Settings for drawer handles
Figure 14.27
Visibility settings for drawer fronts
Figure 14.28
Views showing a Desk family with appropriate level of detail
Figure 14.29
Shading and Transparency settings in the Material Browser dialog box
Figure 14.30
Set a named reference plane as the work plane.
Figure 14.31
Set the constraints of the extrusion sketch to reference planes.
Figure 14.32
Adding a material from the library and setting its graphic appearance
Figure 14.33
Solid geometry, converted to a noncutting void used to drive a complex sweep path
Figure 14.34
Use the Pick Path tool to select the edges of the solid tabletop.
Figure 14.35
Adjust the sweep profile to face the solid.
Figure 14.36
Void sweep cutting Type 2 (wood); not cutting Type 1 (glass)
Figure 14.37
A simple blend of a square and circle
Figure 14.38
A swept blend
Figure 14.39
The Swept Blend contextual menu
Figure 14.40
Creating the leg sweep
Figure 14.41
Modify the two profiles to create the swept blend.
Figure 14.42
Finishing the two shapes of the blend
Figure 14.43
The completed stool legs
Figure 14.44
The completed stool
Figure 14.45
Leg families are placed and dimensioned in a plan view.
Figure 14.46
The two family types placed in a project
Figure 14.47
Visibility settings applied to a subcategory
Figure 14.48
Using the Align tool
Figure 14.49
Two nested chairs are established as a parametric array.
Figure 14.50
The complete table family with nested chairs.
Figure 14.51
Adjust family properties to include variations of types, materials, and colors.
Chapter 15
Figure 15.1
Detail of the feature stair in Apple’s Fifth Avenue retail store
Figure 15.2
Edit Baluster Placement dialog box
Figure 15.3
Instance parameters for a stair
Figure 15.4
The Stair Calculator dialog box
Figure 15.5
Stair support options
Figure 15.6
The integrated parts of a railing type
Figure 15.7
Multiple profiles per railing
Figure 15.8
A baluster template
Figure 15.9
A baluster panel template
Figure 15.10
Top rail type properties
Figure 15.11
Rail termination
Figure 15.12
Options for rail extension styles
Figure 15.13
Type properties for handrail supports
Figure 15.14
The Edit Rails (Non-Continuous) dialog box
Figure 15.15
Edit Baluster Placement dialog box for the Guardrail – Pipe family
Figure 15.16
Editing a Stair By Component in a 3D view
Figure 15.17
Additional subcategories are available for stairs.
Figure 15.18
Creating the component stair with landing
Figure 15.19
Widening the left run
Figure 15.20
Extending the landing
Figure 15.21
Converting the landing to a sketch-based component
Figure 15.22
Sketching the new landing boundary
Figure 15.23
Combination component and sketch-based stair
Figure 15.24
Custom-nosing profile
Figure 15.25
Continuous tread and nosing profile
Figure 15.26
Example of a customized stair and railing
Figure 15.27
Use the Railing tool to create a custom stringer profile.
Figure 15.28
Railing profile
Figure 15.29
Completed railing profile
Figure 15.30
Finished stairs
Figure 15.31
Custom middle stringer profile
Figure 15.32
A custom profile can be used as a support type.
Figure 15.33
Setting the Profile Usage parameter for a custom support profile
Figure 15.34
Baluster as tread support
Figure 15.35
Single component that will be used as a tread support
Figure 15.36
The generic model nested into a baluster family
Figure 15.37
Completed stairs with angled tread supports
Figure 15.38
Complex tread support with balusters
Figure 15.39
Completed stair design with custom tread support as a baluster
Figure 15.40
Custom post and baluster families
Figure 15.41
Finished stair with custom start and end posts
Figure 15.42
Support and baluster as a generic model
Figure 15.43
Baluster and support nested into a baluster post template
Figure 15.44
Finished stair with integrated baluster and support
Figure 15.45
The top and underside of a tread support
Figure 15.46
Completed stair with large end post
Figure 15.47
Baluster used as a support element
Figure 15.48
A series of swept blends modeled in a post family.
Figure 15.49
Copy the stair run path into the post family.
Figure 15.50
Finished stair condition
Figure 15.51
Feature stair at the Apple Store in New York
Figure 15.52
Finished tread configuration
Figure 15.53
Support pin as a baluster
Figure 15.54
One and two pins per tread with handrails
Figure 15.55
Treads, support balusters, and railings
Figure 15.56
Glazed panels with connections
Figure 15.57
Final geometry before nesting into the baluster family
Figure 15.58
Completed stair and details
Figure 15.59
Completed stair, panels, and core
Figure 15.60
The tread number annotation counts individual treads or risers.
Figure 15.61
Customize the tread number in the Properties palette.
Figure 15.62
Settings for the stair path annotation
Figure 15.63
Parameters for the Stair Cut Mark family
Figure 15.64
Set options for tread or stringer placement of railings.
Figure 15.65
Integrated railings can be defined in the Stair or Ramp contextual ribbon.
Figure 15.66
Choose a railing to be placed with a stair or ramp.
Figure 15.67
Draw two new sketch lines to extend the railing path.
Figure 15.68
The completed railing has been extended onto the landing.
Figure 15.69
The finished cable railing
Figure 15.70
The cable profile family
Figure 15.71
Using the Extrusion tool to create the post
Figure 15.72
Align the post to the reference planes.
Figure 15.73
The completed Edit Rails (Non-Continuous) dialog box
Figure 15.74
The completed Edit Baluster Placement dialog box
Figure 15.75
The completed railing
Figure 15.76
Curtain panel as a railing
Figure 15.77
Curtain panel railing with custom baluster locations
Figure 15.78
Adjusted baluster locations
Figure 15.79
Railing as shading device
Figure 15.80
Lamppost nested into a baluster family
Figure 15.81
Lampposts distributed along a path as a baluster family
Figure 15.82
Transportation components as railings
Chapter 16
Figure 16.1
Wall section callout added to building section view
Figure 16.2
Wall section view broken into subregions
Figure 16.3
Example of a detail view with embellished drafting
Figure 16.4
The Detail Line toolset
Figure 16.5
Use the Linework tool to modify the cut lines of the wall element in a detail.
Figure 16.6
Multiple shapes within a single filled region
Figure 16.7
A masking region selected and not selected
Figure 16.8
Selecting a filled region type from the Type Selector within the Properties palette
Figure 16.9
Type properties for a filled region
Figure 16.10
Set some sketch boundary lines to be invisible.
Figure 16.11
The completed filled region added to the detail
Figure 16.12
Detail components have been added to the detail view of the model.
Figure 16.13
Select types to be loaded from a family type catalog.
Figure 16.14
The Arrange panel
Figure 16.15
Bring To Front
Figure 16.16
Bring Forward
Figure 16.17
Send To Back
Figure 16.18
Send Backwards
Figure 16.19
Choosing Repeating Detail Component
Figure 16.20
A brick repeating detail
Figure 16.21
The brick repeating detail component applied to the view
Figure 16.22
Adjust the draw order and position of previously placed detail components.
Figure 16.23
The insulation detail component drafted in a view
Figure 16.24
Insulation detail components added to the wall section
Figure 16.25
Click the Create Group button on the Annotate tab and then select the elements.
Figure 16.26
The Edit Group panel
Figure 16.27
Placing a detail group
Figure 16.28
Detail component added to the profile family
Figure 16.29
Create a callout of the wall section.
Figure 16.30
The nested detail component will appear when Detail Level is set to Fine.
Figure 16.31
More detailed modeling will require less detailing.
Figure 16.32
The Save Group dialog box
Figure 16.33
Choose the detail group from the Insert 2D Elements dialog box.
Figure 16.34
Exporting multiple views to a separate file
Figure 16.35
Importing multiple views into a project
Chapter 17
Figure 17.1
Room area reflected in the room tag
Figure 17.2
The room object shows what area is being calculated.
Figure 17.3
The Area Schemes tab in the Area And Volume Computations dialog box
Figure 17.4
Create a new area scheme.
Figure 17.5
Creating new area plans
Figure 17.6
Area boundaries have been automatically assigned to the exterior walls.
Figure 17.7
Place additional area boundaries on Level 1 as shown here.
Figure 17.8
Place additional area boundaries on Level 2 as shown here.
Figure 17.9
The placed area element with area tag
Figure 17.10
Rename the areas placed on Level 1.
Figure 17.11
Rename the areas placed on Level 2.
Figure 17.12
Modifying an area boundary generates a warning.
Figure 17.13
Creating a new schedule
Figure 17.14
The Fields tab
Figure 17.15
The Filter tab
Figure 17.16
The Sorting/Grouping tab
Figure 17.17
The Formatting tab allows you to change unit formats and specify fields in which you need to calculate totals.
Figure 17.18
The Appearance tab
Figure 17.19
The contextual tab in the ribbon for schedules
Figure 17.20
Additional information can be added to a schedule with tools from the Parameters panel.
Figure 17.21
The finished wall schedule displays a summary of elements.
Figure 17.22
The final schedule is an organized list of areas according to their level.
Figure 17.23
Converting a placeholder into a sheet
Figure 17.24
Creating a legend
Figure 17.25
Add other annotation to embellish the wall type section.
Figure 17.26
Move the view title by selecting it directly, not by selecting the viewport.
Figure 17.27
Use Guide Grids to help align views among a series of sheets.
Figure 17.28
A schedule placed on a sheet
Figure 17.29
A schedule’s appearance can be manipulated when it is placed on a sheet.
Figure 17.30
Changing the schedule height
Figure 17.31
The finished sheet
Chapter 18
Figure 18.1
An annotated detail
Figure 18.2
The Text and Keynote commands
Figure 18.3
A highlighted text box
Figure 18.4
Type Selector for text
Figure 18.5
Type Properties dialog box
Figure 18.6
The Format panel in the contextual tab of the ribbon when placing text (a); selecting a text object (b); and editing text within the object (c)
Figure 18.7
Text with leaders attached to different sides
Figure 18.8
A keynote legend
Figure 18.9
Keynotes displaying full text descriptions
Figure 18.10
Adding a Keynote value to the identity data for a material
Figure 18.11
The keynote TXT file
Figure 18.12
The keynote TXT file header
Figure 18.13
The Keynotes dialog box
Figure 18.14
Accessing the Keynoting Settings
Figure 18.15
The Keynoting Settings dialog box
Figure 18.16
Choosing a keynote to insert
Figure 18.17
A section detail with keynotes applied
Figure 18.18
The Keynote Legend button
Figure 18.19
The Fields tab of the Keynote Legend Properties dialog box
Figure 18.20
The Filter By Sheet option on the Filter tab in the Keynote Legend Properties dialog box
Figure 18.21
Keynote styles available in the default tag
Figure 18.22
Tag tools in the Annotate tab
Figure 18.23
Listing of various tag families
Figure 18.24
The Options bar when placing a tag
Figure 18.25
Loading a tag for a specific element type
Figure 18.26
Tag All Not Tagged dialog box
Figure 18.27
Two options for tagging materials
Figure 18.28
Adding parameters to a label
Figure 18.29
Changing the parameter values
Figure 18.30
Changing the Auto Dimension option
Figure 18.31
Controls for dimensions
Figure 18.32
Equality settings in the dimension style type properties
Figure 18.33
Using a customized equality formula
Figure 18.34
Changing the EQ value on an instance basis
Figure 18.35
Custom text appended to a dimension value
Figure 18.36
Custom text replacing a dimension value
Figure 18.37
Sample project with dimension strings
Figure 18.38
Adding witness lines to a dimension string
Figure 18.39
Removing witness lines from a dimension string
Figure 18.40
Delete an inner dimension string segment.
Figure 18.41
Alternate Units settings
Figure 18.42
Alternate Units Format settings
Figure 18.43
Alternate units in the model
Figure 18.44
The Project Parameters dialog box
Figure 18.45
Setting the parameter properties (shown with Hide Un-checked Categories selected)
Figure 18.46
Listing of available parameter types
Figure 18.47
The Reuse parameter in the family
Figure 18.48
Adding a parameter while in a schedule
Figure 18.49
Creating the shared parameter
Figure 18.50
Creating a shared parameter group
Figure 18.51
Naming the parameter and setting the type
Figure 18.52
Assigning the shared parameter to a category
Figure 18.53
The shared parameter is now part of the project.
Figure 18.54
Giving the new parameter a value in the project
Figure 18.55
Selecting the Wall Tags category
Figure 18.56
Adding the Type Mark parameter
Figure 18.57
Choosing the shared parameter
Figure 18.58
Adding the STC parameter to the label
Figure 18.59
The customized wall tag
Figure 18.60
The shared parameter now shows up in the tag within the project.
Chapter 19
Figure 19.1
Typical revisions
Figure 19.2
The Sheet Issues/Revisions dialog box
Figure 19.3
Sequence options allow you to use any order of letters or numbers.
Figure 19.4
Adding a revision cloud to a view
Figure 19.5
The revision cloud’s issue assignment can be changed in the Properties palette.
Figure 19.6
The updated title block with the revision information
Figure 19.7
Tagging a revision cloud
Figure 19.8
The DWF Export Settings dialog box
Figure 19.9
The Show In List drop-down is available only with a view set.
Figure 19.10
Manual file naming is available when you combine views for publishing.
Figure 19.11
A marked-up DWFx file
Figure 19.12
Sheets with associated markups are shown.
Figure 19.13
The marked-up sheet linked into Revit
Figure 19.14
Modifying the properties of the markup
Figure 19.15
Modifying the properties of the markup
Figure 19.16
The beginning Parts model
Figure 19.17
You can use a datum as one way to divide parts.
Figure 19.18
Verify your selection of the gypsum ceiling by making sure you have (1) part selected and the material is Gypsum Wall Board.
Figure 19.19
Sketch a line to divide a part.
Figure 19.20
Use the Properties palette to enable shape handles for parts.
Figure 19.21
Some part properties can be overridden.
Figure 19.22
Parts divided with a continuous gap
Figure 19.23
Assigning a division profile to a part
Figure 19.24
Parts divided with a division profile
Figure 19.25
A part schedule has access to some unique fields for reporting.
Figure 19.26
An example of a completed part schedule
Figure 19.27
Enter a name for the new assembly.
Figure 19.28
Select views to be created with the assembly.
Figure 19.29
Assembly views are found at the bottom of the Project Browser.
Figure 19.30
An example of a simple assembly sheet
Chapter 20
Figure 20.1
The Color Fill Legend tool
Figure 20.2
Choose Space Type and Color Scheme after you place the legend in a view.
Figure 20.3
The Edit Color Scheme dialog box
Figure 20.4
Department legend with no defined color scheme
Figure 20.5
Assign values to room properties based on data assigned to a color scheme.
Figure 20.6
Click the button in the Color column to select a different color.
Figure 20.7
Use the Visible option to exclude values from the legend.
Figure 20.8
The pattern for each value can be customized.
Figure 20.9
The floor plan after scheme colors and patterns are altered
Figure 20.10
Edit the visual and functional characteristics of a color fill legend in the Type Properties dialog box.
Figure 20.11
Select By Range to change the scheme definition.
Figure 20.12
Modifying the values in the Scheme Definition field
Figure 20.13
The finished floor plan with color fills by area range
Figure 20.14
Adjust the Top values for the plan’s view range.
Figure 20.15
Orient a 3D view to any other 2D view.
Figure 20.16
A 3D view after being oriented to a plan view
Figure 20.17
The 3D view can be locked from the view control bar.
Figure 20.18
Annotation can be applied to a 3D view with locked orientation.
Figure 20.19
The type properties of a viewport
Figure 20.20
Customized viewports placed on a sheet
Figure 20.21
Using the Displace Elements tool
Figure 20.22
Baseline view for the displaced elements
Figure 20.23
The first selection for displacement
Figure 20.24
Using the 3D control to move the displaced elements
Figure 20.25
The displaced walls
Figure 20.26
The second displacement
Figure 20.27
Add the storefront wall to the displacement set.
Figure 20.28
Displace the wall next to the stairs.
Figure 20.29
Using the Path tool to trace the displaced elements to their origin points
Figure 20.30
The finished view
Chapter 21
Figure 21.1
A point cloud of a historic building exterior and section
Figure 21.2
Creating as-built drawings. The black-and-white scan data in the background is represented as a granular series of points.
Figure 21.3
A LiDAR image and the 3D model derived from it
Figure 21.4
Comparing existing conditions to model elements
Figure 21.5
LiDAR shown as a heat map for floor deflection
Figure 21.6
A color point cloud and a black-and-white point cloud
Figure 21.7
Importing the point cloud data
Figure 21.8
Converting the point cloud files
Figure 21.9
Indexing the point cloud to an RCS file
Figure 21.10
Inserting the point cloud into a blank Revit template
Figure 21.11
The inserted point cloud
Figure 21.12
Plan and section of the point cloud
Figure 21.13
Using the Positioning drop-down menu in the Link Point Cloud dialog box
Figure 21.14
Use a scope box to limit the point cloud.
Figure 21.15
Cropping the keeper’s quarters
Figure 21.16
Analyzing the wall thickness
Figure 21.17
Creating the wall type
Figure 21.18
Working with untrue existing building conditions
Figure 21.19
Modeling the other building components
Figure 21.20
The lighthouse point cloud in ReCap showing the building elevations
Appendix B
Figure B.1
Closing hidden windows
Figure B.2
Explode options
Figure B.3
Choose the area calculations to minimize unneeded computations.
Figure B.4
Minimizing the view depth
Figure B.5
Use the Purge Unused dialog box to reduce file size.
Figure B.6
Revit Server diagram
Figure B.7
Revit Server installation
Figure B.8
Revit Server Accelerator configuration
Figure B.9
Creating the connection to the Revit Server Accelerator
Figure B.10
The Purge Unused dialog box
Figure B.11
Selecting fields for your View List
Figure B.12
Filtering out views on sheets
Figure B.13
Sorting the schedule by sheet name
Figure B.14
The finished schedule
Figure B.15
Specify the sorting and grouping options for the multicategory schedule.
Figure B.16
The multicategory schedule shows all elements in the project.
Figure B.17
Use the Footer option to show a count of each keynote.
Figure B.18
The Keynote Legend view
Figure B.19
The Warnings dialog box
Figure B.20
Exporting the warnings
Figure B.21
Use an equal sign for performing calculations.
Figure B.22
Adding an elevator to a shaft
Figure B.23
Editing your keyboard shortcuts
Figure B.24
Using Override Graphics for a quick-cut poché
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Part
Pages
v
vii
xxiii
xxiv
xxv
xxvii
xxviii
xxix
xxx
xxxi
xxxii
xxxiii
1
3
5
6
7
8
9
12
13
14
16
19
22
23
24
25
26
27
31
34
35
38
39
40
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
52
53
54
55
56
57
59
61
62
64
65
67
68
69
71
72
75
76
77
78
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
89
91
92
93
94
95
97
99
101
102
103
105
106
108
109
111
112
114
117
118
119
121
122
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
149
150
151
153
154
157
161
163
165
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
175
176
177
178
180
181
182
183
184
185
187
190
193
195
196
198
200
202
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
234
236
237
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
247
248
249
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
263
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
277
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
288
289
292
293
294
295
296
298
299
301
303
304
307
308
309
310
314
316
317
318
319
320
322
323
324
325
328
330
331
332
333
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
366
367
368
370
371
372
373
375
376
377
379
380
382
383
384
385
386
387
389
390
391
392
393
394
396
397
398
399
401
402
403
405
407
408
409
410
413
414
415
417
418
420
421
423
424
425
426
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
439
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
450
451
453
454
455
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
466
467
469
472
474
475
476
478
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
489
491
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
515
516
517
518
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
528
530
531
532
533
535
536
540
541
543
544
545
547
548
549
550
553
554
555
557
559
560
561
563
564
565
570
571
573
575
576
577
578
580
581
583
584
585
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
595
596
599
601
602
603
605
607
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
619
620
621
622
623
624
626
627
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
645
647
648
649
650
651
652
654
656
657
659
660
661
662
664
666
667
668
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
678
679
680
681
683
684
685
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
732
733
734
735
737
738
739
741
742
743
744
746
748
749
750
751
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
762
764
767
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
785
786
787
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
798
799
800
801
803
804
805
806
807
810
811
813
814
815
816
817
819
821
822
823
824
825
826
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
836
837
838
840
841
842
843
844
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
856
857
858
860
861
862
863
865
866
867
868
870
873
875
876
877
879
881
883
884
885
886
888
890
891
892
893
895
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
Add Highlight
No Comment
..................Content has been hidden....................
You can't read the all page of ebook, please click
here
login for view all page.
Day Mode
Cloud Mode
Night Mode
Reset