(see also C-coded Python extensions)
C arrays, translating Python sequences into, Problem, See Also
coding the methods of a Python class in C, Problem, See Also
debugging memory problems, Problem
dynamically loaded C extensions, debugging with gdb, Problem
implementing a simple extension type in C, Problem, See Also
implementing C function callbacks to a Python function, Problem, See Also
module-building tools, Introduction
Python sequences, accessing item-by-item with the iterator protocol, Problem, See Also
returning none from a Python-callable C function, Problem
using SWIG-generated modules in a multithreaded environment, Problem

Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (see XSLT)

extension modules, Introduction, Introduction

ExtensionClass class, Solution

ExtensionClass.Base, Solution

extract_stack, Solution

output of, Discussion

F

f2py, Introduction

factorials, computing with lambda, Problem

factory functions, Discussion

factory methods, Discussion

farey, Discussion

Farey fractions, Discussion

conversion of numbers to rationals, using for, Problem, See Also

Farey, James, Discussion

fcntl module, Solution

fetchall, Discussion

Fibonacci sequence, generating, Problem

FieldStorage class, Solution

FIFO (first-in first-out) container, implementing, Problem, Discussion

double-linked lists, with, Discussion
linked lists, with, Solution
single-linked lists, with, Discussion
standard lists, with, Discussion

file extensions, swapping throughout a directory tree, Problem

file locking using a cross-platform API, Problem

file objects, File Basics

variables, binding to, Solution

file reading functions, Solution

file-based transformations, Sources of Text

file-processing interface and file-like objects, Portability and Flexibility

files, Introduction, See Also

bundling in a MIME message, Problem

byte offset of, Solution

closing, File Basics

explicitly, Discussion

counting lines in, Problem

benchmarking, Discussion
line terminators, using, Solution

extraction of a single line, Problem

file extensions, swapping throughout a directory tree, Problem

file objects, File Basics

variables, binding to, Solution

file-based transformations, Sources of Text

finding on the Python search path, Problem

finding using a search path, Problem

I/O, File Basics

large files, problems handling, Discussion

locking, cross-platform method, Problem

opening, File Basics

processing every word in, Problem

random access I/O on files with fixed-length records, Problem

updating of records, Problem

reading, File Basics, Problem

100 bytes at a time, Discussion
data from ZIP files, Problem
INI configuration files, Problem
lines with continuation characters, Problem
text by paragraphs, Problem

retrieving a line at random, Problem

saving backups while writing, Module: Versioned Backups, See Also

script portability and interface flexibility in Python, Portability and Flexibility

searching and replacing text, Problem

string substitution in, Solution

updating of random access files, Problem

versioning filenames, Problem

writing to, File Basics, Problem

filter, Discussion

alternative to, Problem
generalization to lazy evaluation, Solution

_findCookie, Discussion

flatten, Problem

floatRGB, Solution

floats, spanning a range defined by, Problem

flush, Discussion

FlushingWrapper class, Discussion

fork, Discussion

format_exception, Solution

format_tb, Solution

forName, Discussion

Fortran

extension module tools for, Introduction
routines, connecting to Python, Parsing

fortune-cookie distribution over the network, Problem

fortune.idl, Solution

forward slash (/), File Basics

FourThought 4Suite package, Introduction

frame objects, Solution

frange, Solution

from _ _future_ _ import generators statement, Discussion

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) client script, Problem

ftplib module, Solution

function calls

pattern matches, based on, Problem

FunctionFilelikeWrapper class, Discussion

functions

assigning to threads, Problem

associating parameters with (currying), Problem, See Also

composing, Problem

current function, finding the name for debugging, Problem

factory functions, Discussion

generators, Discussion

in other languages, Python wrappers for, Introduction

making available as class attributes, Discussion

map

compared to list comprehensions, Discussion

memoization, requirements for, Discussion

memoizing (caching) return values, Problem, Discussion

funcToMethod, Solution

functors, Problem

Future class, Solution

G

g=iter(g) idiom, Discussion

Gadfly, Introduction

garbage collection

debugging, Problem

gateway.py, Discussion

gc module, Solution

gc.collect, Discussion

gc.garbage, Discussion

gc.set_debug, Discussion

gdb, Discussion

generateSQL, Discussion

generateXML, Discussion

generators, Discussion, Discussion

as wrappers for iterators, Problem
iterators, contrasted with, Discussion

genEven, Discussion

genWhile wrapper, Discussion

get, Solution, Discussion

_ _getattr_ _, Solution, Discussion

getCommandOutput(command), Discussion

getConnection (java.sql.DriverManager class), Discussion

_getCookieFiles, Discussion

getfqdn, Discussion

_getframe, Solution, Solution

gethostbyaddr, Discussion

gethostname, Discussion

getItems, Discussion

_getLocation, Discussion

getQualifiedURL, Discussion

_ _getstate_ _, Discussion

getting all members of a class hierarchy, Problem

get_main_type, Discussion

get_payload, Discussion

get_thread_storage, Discussion

get_values_if_any, Discussion

GIFs, inline embedding using Tkinter, Problem

GIL (Global Interpreter Lock), Introduction

global IDs and Windows, Discussion

Global Interpreter Lock (GIL), Introduction

globals, Discussion

graphical user interfaces (see GUIs)

graphs, application-specific language for, Using Python Itself as a Little Language

Grayson, John E., Discussion

GTK GUIs, building interactively, Module: Building GTK GUIs Interactively, See Also

gtk.mainloop, running in a separate thread, Module: Building GTK GUIs Interactively

GUI toolkits, managing options, Problem, See Also

GUIs (graphical user interface)

for polling an IMAP inbox, Module: Watching for New IMAP Mail Using a GUI

GUIs (graphical user interfaces), Introduction

anygui package, Solution, Discussion

current stage of development, Discussion

anygui project, Introduction

building toolkit-independent GUIs, Problem

constructing callback functions for (currying), Discussion

creating, Introduction

toolkits, Introduction

H

handleStartElement, handleEndElement, and handleCharData, Discussion

_ _hash_ _, Discussion

hash tables

Python dictionary type, Searching and Sorting FAQ

Haskell programming language, Solution

has_key, Discussion

has_key_with_some_values, Discussion

HDC (Homogenize Different Cases), Discussion

helper, Discussion

histograms, Problem, Discussion

Homogenize Different Cases (HDC), Discussion

Horner’s formula, Problem

hostnames

proper coding in CGI scripts, Discussion

hostnames, finding your own and your IP address, Problem

hotkeys for Windows shortcuts, displaying, Problem

HotShot, See Also

HTML

dangerous tags and Javascript, stripping out, Problem
dynamic creation of, Discussion
email, sending, Problem
parsing, Introduction
wrapping tracebacks in, Problem

HTTP

downloads, resumption after interruption, Problem
Range header, Discussion

I

I/O (input/output)

file objects, and, File Basics
locking and unlocking, Introduction
random access of files, Problem

IDEs (integrated development environments), compatible debugging and testing, Solution

if _ _debug_ _: test, Discussion

IMAP inbox, polling and display of sender, subject, Module: Watching for New IMAP Mail Using a GUI

imaplib module, Module: Watching for New IMAP Mail Using a GUI

immutability of strings, String Basics

ImpersonateLoggedOnUser, Discussion

_ _import_ _, Solution

import statements, Discussion

CGI test script, Discussion
memory checking by, Discussion

importCode, Discussion

in operator, Discussion

indentation of multiline strings, changing, Problem

infinite sequences, generating, Problem

inheritance, Introduction

enabling code reuse, Discussion
multiple inheritance, Introduction
Python 2.2, Solution
single inheritance, Introduction

INI files, Problem

_ _init_ _, Problem

initOptions, Discussion

inner classes, Discussion

INSERT statement and binary data, Discussion, Discussion

insort, Discussion

instance objects, Introduction

modifying the class hierarchies of, Problem
saving and restoring via cPickle module, Problem, See Also
state, Discussion

instancemethod, Discussion

integers and Roman numerals, conversion between, Module: Roman Numerals, See Also

interactive debuggers, limitations of, Discussion

international standard encodings, String Basics

Internet, protocols and formats supported by Python, Introduction

intersections of dictionaries, finding, Problem

intrinsic complexity, Introduction

introspection, Introspection

IP addresses

creating dictionaries for, Discussion
dotted quads and long integers, converting between, Problem
finding your own hostname and IP address, Problem
network part, expression, Discussion
validation of, Discussion

ipToNetAndHost, Discussion

isAString, Discussion

iscapitalized, Discussion

isdigit (string object methods), String Basics

isinstance, Solution, Solution

ISO-8859 encodings, Discussion

isStringLike, Discussion

iter, Discussion

iteration, termination conditions, Solution

iterators, Discussion

generators, contrasted with, Discussion
operating on, Problem, See Also
utility functions for, Discussion

J

Java libraries and Python code, Discussion
JDBC databases, access via Jython servlets, Solution, See Also
Jet database engine (see Access database application)
jet2SQL, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database
join (string object methods), String Basics, Discussion
Jython servlets, JDBC database access using, Solution, See Also
Jython, running a servlet with, Problem

K

keys, Discussion, Discussion
keyword module, Discussion
Knuth, Donald, Introduction

L

lambda

avoiding in writing callback functions, Problem
avoiding usage of, Discussion
currying, and, Discussion
factorials, computing with, Problem

languages, application-specific, Parsing

large files, problems associated with, Discussion

Latin-1and -2 encodings, Discussion

lazy evaluation, Discussion

lazy operation, Solution

LazyDB module, Discussion

LBYL (Look Before You Leap), Solution, Discussion

left angle brackets (<<), Discussion

Letter/Envelope design pattern, Discussion

lexers, Module: XML Lexing (Shallow Parsing)

lexicographical order, Introduction

lexing, Lexing

string character of numerical data, Lexing
vs. parsing, Parsing

lexxml, Module: XML Lexing (Shallow Parsing)

libraries

avoiding modification of code, Solution

line terminators in text files, Discussion

using to count lines in, Solution

line-termination characters, File Basics

linecache, Discussion

linecache module, Solution

LineEdit widget, Discussion

lines

rejoining split lines for processing, Problem

link.py, Discussion

list, Solution

list comprehensions, Introduction, Problem

compared to map, Discussion
looping through multiple lists, Discussion

list-like objects, unzipping, Problem

Listbox widget, Solution

listboxes, Problem

listdir, Discussion

listFiles, Discussion

lists

of lists, creating without sharing references, Problem
random selection of elements from, Problem
reversing strings, use in, Solution
sorted lists, maintaining, Solution

“little languages” (see application-specific languages)

ljust (string object method), Solution

loads, Solution, Solution

locking files, Problem

write locks with multithreaded read access, Problem

logger module, Discussion

logging across platforms, Problem, See Also

logical and, Discussion

logical or, Discussion

LogicalLines class, Solution

login, Discussion

logins, remote using telnetlib, Problem, See Also

logInstanceCreation, Solution

LogonUser, Discussion

Look Before You Leap (LBYL), Solution, Discussion

looping

in parallel over index and sequence items, Problem
through multiple lists, Problem

lower (string object method), Solution

lowercase, conversion to uppercase, Problem

lstrip (string object method), Solution

M

Macintosh

Python extension module tools for, Introduction
text files, line terminators for, Discussion

mail (see email)

mail user agents (MUAs), Discussion

main, Discussion

makedict, Discussion

makefile, Discussion

makefilter, Discussion

makeImageWidget, Discussion

makepass.py, Solution

makepy.py, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database

maketrans (string module), Solution, Discussion

map, Discussion, Discussion

alternative to, Problem
compared to list comprehensions, Discussion
generalization to lazy evaluation, Solution
looping through multiple lists, Solution
string processing, using, Solution

marshal module, Module: Versioned Backups, Introduction, Problem, See Also

compatibility, Python versions, Discussion

matching sets, Solution, See Also

MatchObject (re module), Discussion

mcompose, Discussion

.mdb file extension, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database

Medusa

XML-RPC, and, Problem, See Also

medusa package, Solution

Meerkat server, accessing via RPC, Solution

Memoize class, Discussion

MemoizeMutable class, Discussion

memoizing, Discussion

the return values of functions, Problem, Discussion

memory

debugging allocations, Discussion
tracing leaks, Problem

Menu widget, Discussion

menus

creating with Tkinter, Problem

entry types, Discussion

mergesort, Searching and Sorting FAQ

message pump (Windows), Solution

messages, delegating to multiple objects, Problem

“metatype conflict among bases” TypeError exception, Discussion

meta_tracer custom metaclass, Discussion

methods, Introduction

adding to a class at runtime, Problem

attributes, as, Discussion

bound methods, Discussion

holding while allowing garbage collection, Problem

built-in, overriding, Problem

class methods, implementing, Problem

coding a Python class in C, Problem, See Also

defining, Introduction

enabling tracing by wrapping in a custom metaclass, Solution

factory methods, Discussion

implementing static methods, Problem

superclass implementations, calling, Problem

synchronization in an object, Problem

method_logger, Solution

Microsoft

Access

creating a SQL DDL, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database
jet2SQL, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database
migration to other DBMSs, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database

DAO, Jet database migration using, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database

Internet Explorer cookies, finding, Solution

Jet databases, migration to other DBMSs, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database

SQL Server, access via JDBC, Solution

Windows (see Windows)

middleware (see distributed middleware architectures)

MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions), Discussion

files, bundling in a MIME message, Problem

HTML email sending, Problem

MIME parts, character encoding, Discussion

multipart MIME email, sending, Problem

inclusion of files in the current directory, Problem
order of calls to writer, Discussion

multipart MIME email, unpacking, Problem

mimetools module, Solution

MimeWriter module, Solution

minidom, quotation mark escaping, handling, Discussion

modules

automated reloading during debug and test, Problem
importation from module whose name is determined at runtime, Problem
importing with automatic end-of-line conversions, Problem
module-building tools, Introduction
removing from memory, Discussion

MoinMoin, Discussion, Discussion

Monostate pattern, Discussion

mro variable, Discussion

MsgWaitForMultipleObjects, Problem

msvcrt module, Discussion

MUAs (mail user agents), Discussion

multidimensional lists, creating, Problem

MultiListbox._ _init_ _, Discussion

multiple inheritance, Introduction

Multiplex object, Discussion

Multiplex._ _call_ _, Discussion

multiplexed function calls, Discussion

multiplexing and the dictionary interface, Discussion

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (see MIME)

multithreaded programming, Introduction

mutating objects with shelve, Problem

mutex (mutual-exclusion) kernel objects, Solution

mutual-exclusion (mutex) kernel objects, Solution

mxODBC module, Discussion

MySQL database application

BLOBs, storing in, Problem
database engine, absence of cursor support, Discussion
JDBC, access via, Solution
server-side LOAD_FILE, Discussion
version differences, Discussion

MySQLdb module, Solution

binary strings, escaping of characters in, Discussion
version differences, Discussion

MyXML class, Discussion

N

named constants, Problem

named items, collecting, Problem

named-value formatting, Discussion

NameError exceptions, Discussion

naming conventions, conversion between, Problem

nested loops, Solution

nested scopes and currying, Discussion

nested sequences, finding items in, Problem

nested sequences, flattening, Problem

netsvc module, Discussion

network programming, Introduction, See Also

detecting inactive computers on a TCP/IP network, Module: PyHeartBeat—Detecting Inactive Computers, See Also

hostnames, finding your own and your IP address, Problem

HTML email, sending, Problem

IMAP inbox, polling and display of sender, subject, Module: Watching for New IMAP Mail Using a GUI

Internet, protocols and formats supported by Python, Introduction

IP addresses, converting, Problem

IP addresses, expression of network portion, Discussion

multipart MIME email, sending, Problem

multipart MIME email, unpacking, Problem

POP3 interactive mailbox inspector, Module: Interactive POP3 Mailbox Inspector

socket datagrams, passing messages with, Problem

passing large messages, Discussion

TCP

clients, writing, Problem
servers, writing, Problem

Web, getting documents from, Problem

networks, as sources of textual content, Sources of Text

new.classobj, Discussion

newInstance (java.lang.Class), Discussion

nonblocking read calls, Discussion

nonreversible state transition, Discussion

notebook user interfaces, Solution

NT and Posix, file locking on, Problem

Null Object design pattern, Problem, See Also

numbers, converting to rationals via Farey fractions, Problem, See Also

Numeric package, Module: Finding the Convex Hull of a Set of 2D Points

Numerical Python, Parsing

numSpaces, Discussion

O

object-oriented programming (see OOP)

objects

copying, Problem
testing if an object is string-like, Problem
unzipping simple list-like objects, Problem

ODBC (Open Database Connectivity), Introduction

onReconfigure, Discussion

OOP (object-oriented programming), Introduction, See Also

attributes, Introduction

behavior, Introduction

class objects, Introduction

class statement, Introduction

Classname.method(self, ...) syntax, Introduction

constructors, Introduction

delegation, Introduction

inheritance (see inheritance)

instance objects, Introduction

methods, Introduction

defining, Introduction

overriding (see overriding)

polymorphism, Introduction

properties, Discussion

self, Introduction

state, Introduction

Template-Method design pattern, Introduction

open, File Basics, Discussion

binary files, and, Discussion
mode arguments, File Basics
r+b argument, Discussion
w (text) and wb (binary) arguments, Discussion
w+b argument, Discussion

Open Database Connectivity (ODBC), Introduction

OpenKey, Discussion

Options objects, creating a class for, Discussion

options, managing, Problem, See Also

OptionsUser class, Discussion

or (logical or), Discussion

Oracle, access via JDBC, Solution

ord, Solution

ORDER BY (SQL), Problem

os module, Solution

os.fork, Discussion

os.listdir, Discussion

os.mkdirs, Discussion

os.path module, Discussion

os.path.join, Discussion

os.path.normpath, Discussion

os.path.split, Solution

os.path.walk, Solution

measuring disk usage, cross-platform method, Discussion
swapping file extensions, Solution

os.rename, Discussion

OSE package, Solution

Publish/Subscribe support, Solution
Request/Reply support, Solution

output streams, capturing from a Unix command, Problem

OutputDebugString, Discussion

overloading options, Discussion

overriding, Introduction

built-in methods, Problem
inheritance, Solution
methods of superclasses, Solution
slicing, Solution

O’Reilly’s Meerkat server, accessing via RPC, Solution

P

packing, Discussion

Paragraph class, Solution

paragraphs, defining, Discussion

parentheses ( )

tuples, and, Discussion

parse, Discussion

parsefile, Discussion

Parser class, Discussion

parsing, Basic Textual Operations, Parsing

command files, Problem
parsing packages, Parsing
strategies for, Parsing
strings into date/time objects portably, Module: Parsing a String into a Date/Time Object Portably, See Also
vs. lexing, Parsing

passwords, generating randomly, Problem

generating non-randomly, Problem

pass_ (poplib module), Module: Interactive POP3 Mailbox Inspector

pastiche.py, Discussion

path, Discussion

Python search path, dynamically changing, Problem

pathnames, treating as objects, Problem

paths

path to the interpreter, inclusion in a script, Discussion
processing of parts, Problem
proper coding in CGI scripts, Discussion

pattern matches, dispatching based on, Problem

PhotoImage objects, Solution

master argument, Discussion

pickle module, Introduction, Problem, See Also

uses for, Discussion

plain strings, String Basics

plus operator (+), Solution

PLY parser generator, PLY and SPARK

Pmw, Introduction

polling, Solution

polymorphism, Portability and Flexibility, Introduction

type checking and, Solution

polynomials, evaluating, Problem

pop, Discussion

POP3 interactive mailbox inspector, Module: Interactive POP3 Mailbox Inspector

popen2 module, Solution

poplib module, Module: Interactive POP3 Mailbox Inspector

portalocker.py module, Discussion

Posix and NT, file-locking on, Problem

PostgreSQL database application

BLOBs, storage of, Problem

predicate tests, evaluating across sequences, Problem

Print, Discussion

print statement, Basic Textual Operations, Solution

print_exc_plus, Discussion

priority queues, modeling, Problem

processes, Introduction

profile module, Module: Allowing the Python Profiler to Profile C Modules

profilewrap module, Module: Allowing the Python Profiler to Profile C Modules

profiling, Module: Allowing the Python Profiler to Profile C Modules

Python code with C modules, Module: Allowing the Python Profiler to Profile C Modules, See Also

ProgID string, Discussion

program introspection, Introspection

programming languages, Introduction

properties, Discussion

implementing, Problem

property, Solution

pseudotty functions, Introduction

psycopg module, Solution

publish.py, Discussion

Publish/Subscribe broadcasting, Problem

advantages, Discussion
distributed middleware architecture, using in, Problem, See Also

.py extension and WSH, Discussion

Py-DBAPI (Python DB Application Programming Interface), Introduction

Pyana, Discussion

PyArg_ParseTuple, Discussion

PyCFunction_New, Discussion

PyClass_New, Discussion

pyfort, Introduction

PyGTK toolkit, Introduction

PyHBClient.py, Module: PyHeartBeat—Detecting Inactive Computers

PyHBServer.py, Module: PyHeartBeat—Detecting Inactive Computers

PyHeartBeat, Module: PyHeartBeat—Detecting Inactive Computers, See Also

PyImport_LoadDynamicModule, Discussion

PyMethodDef statements, Discussion

PyMethod_New, Discussion

PyNumber_Float, Discussion

PyObject_GetIter, Discussion

for accessing a Python sequence sequentially, Solution

necessary conditions for use, Discussion

PyQt, Introduction

.pys extension and WSH, Discussion

PySequence_Fast, Problem, See Also

arguments, Discussion
for accessing a Python sequence sequentially, Solution
reference returned, Discussion

PySequence_Fast_GET_ITEM, Discussion

Python

application-specific languages, creating with, Using Python Itself as a Little Language

C language enum type, simulating, Problem

COM, ADSI instantiation using, Discussion

concurrent processing, and, Introduction

conditional (ternary) operator, idiom for, Discussion

connecting C routines to Python code, Parsing

data storage and retrieval facilities, Introduction

dictionary type, hash table used for, Searching and Sorting FAQ

distributed programming, and, Introduction, Introduction

Expat, direct access of, Solution

Fortran routines, connecting to, Parsing

Internet protocols, and, Introduction

Java libraries, and, Discussion

methods as attributes, Discussion

module-building tools, Introduction

new-style classes, Introduction, Discussion

OOP and non-OOP functionality, Introduction

performance, measuring compared to C, Discussion

PLY and SPARK parser generators, PLY and SPARK

raw-string syntax, Discussion

running profiler on code that includes C modules, Module: Allowing the Python Profiler to Profile C Modules, See Also

search path

dynamically changing, Problem
finding a file on, Problem

sorting algorithms used in, Searching and Sorting FAQ, Searching and Sorting FAQ

source code, colorizing using the tokenizer, Problem

standard library, Introduction

strings, What Is Text?

text and binary file handling, Discussion

toolkits, Introduction

variables, definition, Solution

XML, and, Introduction

XML-RPC, and, Introduction

Python and Tkinter Programming, Discussion

Python code, replacing with code-execution results, Problem, See Also

Python DB Application Programming Interface (see Py-DBAPI)

Python interpreter

-u commandline option, Discussion

Python objects, serialization and reconstruction, Problem

Python programming language

Perl, compared to, Introduction

pythoncom.PumpWaitingMessages, Discussion

PythonWin toolkit, Introduction

PyXML package, Introduction

Py_BuildValue, Discussion, Discussion

py_compile module, Discussion

Py_DebugTrap, Discussion

Py_DECREF, Discussion

memory problems and, Discussion

Py_INCREF, Discussion

memory problems and, Discussion

Q

qsort, Searching and Sorting FAQ, Discussion

Qt, Introduction

user feedback during data entry, Problem

query results

accessing using dtuple, Problem
formatting for display, Problem

QueryPerformanceCounter, Introduction

QueryServiceStatus, Discussion

QueryValueEx, Discussion

Queue module, Introduction

Queue objects, Discussion

quicksort algorithm, Searching and Sorting FAQ

in three lines, Problem

quit (poplib module), Module: Interactive POP3 Mailbox Inspector

Quixote, Introduction

quotes, String Basics

R

radiobutton entries, Discussion

random access of I/O, files with fixed-length records, Problem

random module, Solution

random number generation, emulating a dice roll, Discussion

random selection of list elements, Problem

randrange, Discussion

ranges

defined by float, spanning, Solution

raw strings, String Basics

re module, String Basics, Discussion, See Also

(see also regular expressions)
single-pass multiple-string substitution, using for, Discussion
sub, Solution

re.split, Discussion

re.sub, Solution, Solution

read

nonblocking calls, Discussion
portions of files, Discussion

_read_ready, Discussion

readline, File Basics

readlines, File Basics

counting the lines in a file, Solution

ReadWriteLock class, Discussion

reconfigure, Discussion

recvfrom, Discussion

reduce, Discussion

dice roll, for emulation of, Discussion
generalization to lazy evaluation, Solution

reference counts

debugging, Problem

reference cycles, avoiding, Discussion

register_function, Discussion

register_instance, Discussion

registry (see under Windows)

RegistryResolve, Discussion

regular expressions, String Basics, See Also

(see also re module)
function calls based on matches, Problem
splitting, Solution

reindent, Solution

relational databases, Introduction

release_read, Discussion

reload, Discussion

remote logins using telnetlib, Problem, See Also

remote procedure calls (see RPCs)

remote_host string, Discussion

remote_port variable, Discussion

replace, Solution

replacement, Solution

replcode.py module, Discussion

reportLoggedInstances, Solution

Request/Reply, using in a distributed middleware architecture, Problem

RestartService, Discussion

retrbinary, Discussion

retrlines, Discussion

reverse, Solution

reverse sorting, Discussion

RFC 2822, Discussion

rfc822 module, Module: Watching for New IMAP Mail Using a GUI

RGB, using to create color scales, Problem

right angle bracket (>), Discussion

ring buffers, Discussion

implementing, Problem

rjust (string object method), Solution

rolling dice, Problem

Roman numerals and integers, conversion between, Module: Roman Numerals, See Also

rows, transforming into columns, Discussion

RPCs (remote procedure calls), Introduction

CORBA, contrasted with, Introduction

rstrip (string object method), Solution

runPanel, Discussion

S

samplesort, Searching and Sorting FAQ

SAX, Introduction

ContentHandler (see ContentHandler)
using to check well-formedness, Solution

scalar elements, determining, Problem

scanner, Portability and Flexibility

Schwartzian transform, Discussion

ScientificPython package, Lexing

searching, Introduction, See Also

binary search algorithm, Problem
of unhashable items, Discussion

seek, Discussion

select statement, Python equivalent, Problem

self, Introduction

self.lock.acquire, Discussion

semicolons (;), Discussion

separator entries, Discussion

sequences

finding items in deeply nested sequences, Problem

looping on, Problem

matching sets, Solution, See Also

membership tests on, Problem

predicate testing, evaluation, Problem

removing duplicates from, Problem

while maintaining sequence order, Problem, Discussion

unbounded iterators, filtering output, Problem

serializing data, Introduction

Server class, Discussion

server.py, Solution, Discussion

ServerProxy class, Discussion

servers

TCP servers, writing, Problem

serve_forever, Discussion

servicemanager module, Discussion

service_running, Discussion

servlets

Jython, running with, Problem

Set class, Discussion

set class, implementing, Problem

_ _setattr_ _, Solution

setdefault, Solution, Discussion

setmode (msvcrt module), Discussion

setPaletteBackgroundColor, Discussion

sets

matching, Solution, See Also
modeling, Problem

_ _setstate_ _, Discussion

setup.py, Solution

SetValueEx, Discussion

setvbuf, Discussion

sgmllib module, Solution

shallow copies, Discussion

shallow parsers, Module: XML Lexing (Shallow Parsing)

shebang line, Discussion

shelve module, Problem

show_paragraphs, Discussion

shutil.copy, Discussion

SimpleXMLRPCServer class, Discussion

single inheritance, Introduction

single quotes, String Basics

Singleton design pattern, Introduction, Problem, See Also

alternatives to, Discussion
avoiding, with Borg idiom, Problem, Discussion
drawbacks to, Discussion

SIP, Introduction

sitecustomize.py, Discussion

imported modules, automating end-of-line conversions on, Solution

slicing, Solution

_ _slots_ _, Discussion

smtplib module, Solution

SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), Introduction

writing web services that support, Problem, See Also

socket datagrams, passing messages with, Problem

passing large messages, Discussion

socket module, Introduction, Discussion

big-endian byte order, specification by, Discussion
finding your own hostname and IP address, Solution
IP addresses, conversion, dotted quad to long integers, Solution

socket.inet_aton and socket.inet_ntoa, Discussion

sockets

connecting to on a remote machine, Problem

SocketServer module, Discussion

sort, Discussion

passing a comparison function to, Solution

sorted lists, maintaining, Solution

sorting, Introduction, See Also

algorithms used in Python, Searching and Sorting FAQ, Searching and Sorting FAQ
by item or attribute, Problem
by one field, then another, Problem
of dictionaries, Problem, See Also
guaranteeing sort stability, Problem
of object lists, using object attributes as criteria, Problem
of objects, using ORDER BY syntax, Problem
quicksort in three lines, Problem
reverse order, listing in, Searching and Sorting FAQ
reverse sorting, Discussion
stable sorts, Discussion

Soundex algorithm, Solution

source code in Python, colorizing, Problem

SO_REUSEADDR, Discussion

space (' ') joiner, Solution

spaces

conversion to or from tabs, Solution
trimming from strings, Problem

SPARK parser generator, PLY and SPARK

introspection, use by, Introspection

split, Solution, Discussion, Discussion, Lexing

splitlines, Discussion, Discussion

split_at, Discussion

split_by, Discussion

SQL

implementations for relational databases, Introduction
SQL DDL, creating from an Access database, Module: jet2sql—Creating a SQL DDL from an Access Database

SQL ORDER BY clause, Problem

stable sorts, Discussion

standard library, Introduction

standard output

Unicode characters, printing to, Problem

startElement, Discussion

StartElementHandler, Discussion

StartService, Discussion

stat (poplib module), Module: Interactive POP3 Mailbox Inspector

state, Introduction

static methods

class methods, and, Discussion
implementing, Problem
staticmethod, Solution
staticmethod type, Discussion

staticmethod, Solution

staticmethod type, Discussion

Stevens, W. Richard, Introduction

StopService, Discussion

storbinary, Discussion

storing per-thread information, Problem

storlines, Discussion

_ _str_ _, Solution

string fields, reverse sorting with DSU, Discussion

string module, String Basics

string object methods, String Basics

string substitution in a file, Solution

string-formatting operator (%), String Basics, Solution, Discussion

named-values variant, Solution

StringIO module, Portability and Flexibility

strings, What Is Text?, String Basics, String Basics

accessing substrings, Problem
aligning, Problem
case, controlling, Problem
changing the indentation of a multiline string, Problem
combining, Problem
concatenation, String Basics
converting between different naming conventions, Problem
converting between tabs and spaces, Problem
encoding and decoding, Discussion
evaluating code within, Problem
filtering for a character set, Problem
immutability, String Basics
looping on characters, String Basics, Solution
matching character sets, Problem, See Also
multiple string substitutions, Problem
processing one character at a time, Problem
quotes, and, String Basics
raw strings, String Basics
reversing by words or characters, Problem
sequences, compared to, String Basics
single characters, access of, String Basics
testing for integer representation, Problem
testing if an object is string-like, Problem
trimming space from the ends of, Problem
Unicode strings, String Basics
Unicode, converting to, Problem
writing large strings to a file, Solution

strip (string object method), Solution

strptime, Module: Parsing a String into a Date/Time Object Portably

struct module, Solution

struct.unpack, Solution

structured data, processing of selected pairs, Problem

stub_compare_func, Discussion

sub (re module), Solution, Solution, Solution, Solution

subclassing

currying, as an alternative to, Discussion

subscribe.py, Discussion

super, Solution

Super class, Discussion

super keyword in Java, Python equivalent to, Problem

superclasses

implementations of methods, calling, Problem
_ _init_ _, calling, Problem

SWIG, Parsing

C and C++, Python extension module tools for, Introduction
SWIG-generated modules in a multithreaded environment, Problem

switch statement, Python equivalent, Problem

Sybase, access via JDBC, Solution

sys.excepthook, Discussion

sys.exc_info, Discussion

sys.modules

addition of newly generated modules, Discussion

sys.path.append, Discussion

sys._getframe, Discussion, Solution

simulating in pre-2.1 Python versions, Discussion

system administration, Introduction, See Also

Apache servers, hits on per IP address, calculating, Problem

client cache hits, calculating, Problem

commands, running repeatedly, Problem

passwords, generating randomly, Problem

generating non-randomly, Problem

polling, Solution

Unix network interface, status checking, Problem

Windows (see under Windows)

T

tabs, conversion to or from spaces, Problem, Solution

take wrapper, Discussion

target, Discussion

taxonomy, Introduction

TCP clients, writing, Problem

TCP servers, writing, Problem

TeeFilelikeWrapper class, Discussion

Telnet protocol, Problem

security considerations, Discussion

telnetlib module, Problem, See Also

Template-Method design pattern, Introduction

templating, Discussion

YAPTU (Yet Another Python Templating Utility), Module: Yet Another Python Templating Utility (YAPTU), See Also

ternary operator (C language), simulating in Python, Problem, Discussion, Discussion

testing and debugging (see debugging and testing)

TestThread class, Discussion

text, What Is Text?, See Also, See Also

(see also strings)
case conversion, Problem
character encodings, What Is Text?, Discussion
file size and memory, Sources of Text
file-based transformations, Sources of Text
format, transformation of, Basic Textual Operations
international standard encodings, String Basics
operations, Basic Textual Operations
parsing, Basic Textual Operations
reindenting blocks of, Problem
searchin for and replacing in a file, Problem
sockets, retrieval from, Sources of Text
sources, Sources of Text
Unicode, encoding as, Discussion

text and binary file handling in Python, Discussion

text files

file reading functions, Solution
line terminators, different OS’s, Discussion
reading by paragraphs, Problem
reading operations, line by line, Discussion

text mode and binary mode, File Basics

Text widget, Introduction

Thread class, Introduction

thread module, Introduction, Solution

threading module, Introduction

synchronization constructs, Introduction

threading.Condition object, Discussion

threading.Event objects, Discussion

threads, Introduction, See Also

allocation of storage for, Problem
authentication as another principal on Windows, Problem
combining with asynchronous I/O and Tkinter, Problem
concurrent processing, and, Introduction
GIL (Global Interpreter Lock), Introduction
locking and unlocking, Introduction
multithreaded programming, Introduction
multithreaded read access with write locks, Problem
Queue module, and, Introduction
running time-consuming functions on separate threads, Problem
synchronization of methods in an object, Problem
terminating, Problem

time module, Module: Parsing a String into a Date/Time Object Portably

time.clock, Introduction

time.sleep, Solution

time.time, Introduction

timeo, Discussion

timeoutsocket module, Discussion

Timestamper class, Discussion

title (string function), Solution

Tix, Introduction

Tkinter, Introduction

combining with asynchronous I/O and threads, Problem
creating dialog boxes, Problem
creating menus, Problem
embedding inline GIFs, Problem
getting around limitations, Solution
IntVar, Discussion
listboxes, supporting multiple values per row, Problem
PhotoImage objects, Solution

tkSimpleDialog module, Discussion

token module, Discussion

tokenize module, Lexing, Discussion

tokenizer module

Python source, colorizing with, Problem

tokens, Module: XML Lexing (Shallow Parsing), Lexing

toupper (string object methods), String Basics

traceback module, Solution, Discussion

wrapping tracebacks in HTML, Solution

tracebacks, Solution

acquiring more information from, Problem, See Also
traceback objects, Discussion

tracing, Discussion

tracing across platforms, Problem, See Also

tracking_classes dictionary, Discussion

translate, Discussion, Discussion

triple quotes, String Basics

try/except for validation problems, Solution

try/finally, File Basics

constructs (Windows registry recipe), Discussion

tuple, Discussion

TupleDescriptor class, Discussion

tuples

for representing RGB colors, Problem
tuple packing and unpacking, Solution

two-dimensional arrays, transposition, Problem

type, Solution

type checking and polymorphism, Solution

typemap, Solution

U

u'<?xml’ (XML declaration), Discussion

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

passing messages with, Solution
reliability of, Discussion
using to detect inactive computers on a network, Module: PyHeartBeat—Detecting Inactive Computers

uiToolkit, Introduction

unbounded iterators, wrapping to restrict output, Problem

undefined variables, testing for, Problem, See Also

underscore (_), Module: Interactive POP3 Mailbox Inspector

unichr, Solution

Unicode, Discussion

characters, printing to standard output, Problem
plain strings, converting to, Problem
Unicode strings, What Is Text?, String Basics
XML, autodetecting encoding in, Problem, See Also
XML, default encoding in, Discussion

unique, Discussion

Unix

algorithms, measuring efficiency, Introduction
commands, capturing output and error streams from, Problem
crossplatform debugging and, Problem
debugging dynamically loaded C extensions, Problem
measuring disk usage for, Discussion
network interface, checking status, Problem

UNIX Network Programming, Volume 1: Networking APIs - Sockets and XTI, Second Edition, Introduction

unpack (Perl) contrasted with struct.unpack (Python), Discussion

unpacking, Discussion

update, Discussion

upper (string object method), Solution

uppercase, conversion to lowercase, Problem

upperOpen, Solution

urllib, Solution

urllib and urllib2 modules, Introduction

urlopen, Solution

user feedback during data entry, giving via Qt, Problem

user interfaces, Introduction, See Also

avoiding lambda in writing callback functions, Problem
building GTK GUIs interactively, Module: Building GTK GUIs Interactively, See Also
building toolkit-independent GUIs, Problem
CLIs, Introduction
creating color scales, Problem
creating dialog boxes with Tkinter, Problem
creating menus with Tkinter, Problem
embedding GIFs inline using Tkinter, Problem
giving the user feedback during data entry with Qt, Problem
GUIs, Introduction
Publish/Subscribe broadcasting to loosen coupling between GUIs and business logic systems, Problem
supporting multiple values per row in a Tkinter listbox, Problem
Tkinter, Introduction
wxPython Notebook with panels, Problem

using list comprehensions instead of map and filter, Problem

UTF-16 encoding, Discussion

UTF-8, Discussion, Discussion

V

validation, Discussion

valid_tags list, Discussion

values

converting to characters, Problem
getting from dictionaries, Problem
mapping to dictionary keys, Problem
swapping, Problem

variables

local vs. global, Discussion
testing if a variable is defined, Problem, See Also

vdebug variable, Discussion

versioned backups, Module: Versioned Backups, See Also

VersionFile, Discussion

versioning filenames, Problem

W

waitables kernel objects, Discussion

walk (email module), Solution

walking directory trees, Problem

walktokens, Module: XML Lexing (Shallow Parsing)

weak references, Solution, Discussion, Discussion

WeakMethod, Discussion

weakmethod.py file, Solution

weakref module, Solution

web programming, Introduction, See Also

accessing Netscape cookie information, Problem, See Also
CGI scripts, writing, Problem
dynamic generation of web pages with CGI scripts, Solution
fetching latitude/longitude data from the Web, Module: Fetching Latitude/Longitude Data from the Web, See Also
finding an Internet Explorer cookie, Solution
getting documents from the web, Problem
handling URLs within a CGI script, Problem
resuming the HTTP download of a file, Problem
running a servlet with Jython, Problem
stripping dangerous tags and Javascript from HTML, Problem
using a simple dictionary for CGI parameters, Problem

web services