Index
Page numbers in italics indicate an exhibit on the corresponding page and page numbers in bold indicate a table on the corresponding page.
AACSB (American Association of Collegiate Schools of Business) 186
absolutism 24
Academy of Business in Society (ABIS) 4, 186
accountability frameworks 98–101
accuracy, defined 11
Adler, Nancy J. 117
advantage-based ethics 37
Advertising Directives (EU) 150
Affirmative Action Initiative 141
African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries 97
African Development Bank 70
African Peace Facility 2015 Annual Report 97
African Union (AU) 130
agreement, defined 11
agreement of the community 131
Aguado, Ricardo M. 114
Ahn, Mark J. 180
Albee, Ernest 27
Allison, John A. 41
Alexander the Great 7
ALTER-EU alliance (Alliance for Lobby Transparency and Ethics Regulation) 105
altruism 168
AMBA (the Association of MBAs) 186
ambidextrous learning 84
Angst, defined 111
Anti-Bribery Statute 130
anti-corporate sentiment 162
Anti-Corruption Network for Transition Economies 16
Appiah, Kwame A. 29
April, Kurt 45
Argyris, Chris 167
Audi, Robert 148
auditor-client relationship 160–161
Aurelius, Marcus 22
authentic leadership 49
Baby Boomers 112
Bakan, Joel 36
Ban Ki-moon 69
base of the pyramid (BOP) regions 71
Bass, Bernard M. 178
Basu, Kaushik 71
Bauman, Zygmunt 116
Becker, Gary S. 39
Behrman, Jack N. 107
Ben & Jerry’s Homemade, Inc. 108
Between Enterpris and Ethics (Hendry) 188
bilateral agreements 16
Blood, David 43
Boatright, John R. 121
Bowie, Norman E. ix, xiii, 2, 131, 136, 139
brain interactions 117
Bribery Act (2010) 155
Brown, Michael E. xiv, 14, 181
Brundtland Commission 165
Burns, James McGregor 49
Bush, George W. 28
Business as a Calling (Novak) 46
business enterprise values 112–117
business ethics: corporate social responsibility vs. 62–63; economic perspective 80–89, 86, 88; as ethics of conditions 38; moral behavior 82–85; teaching human centered management 112–117
Business in Society LLC 4, 171
Business Principles for Countering Bribery 129–130
Callahan, Daniel 173
CalPERS (California Public Employees’ Retirement System) 68–69
Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, The (Deigh) 21
Camenisch, Paul 171
Canals, Jordi 187
Canons of Ethics for Engineers and Rules of Professional Conduct 121–122
capacity building 178–180, 179
Carr, Albert 28
Catholic Church 67
Catholic Social Thought 30–31, 91
cause-effect relationships 181–182
caveat emptor 150
CEMEX 71
Centesimus Annus 115
Charter of the United Nations 17
Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply (CIPS) 154
Chinese free market system 94
Chomsky, Noam 36
Chorafas, Dimitris N. 119
civil society organization (CSO) 99–100, 107, 138, 162–163
co-determination 121
collective learning 3
collective level of stakeholder relations 139–141
collectivist decision-making 76
Collins, Jim C. 170
Combined Code on Corporate Governance 146
communication effectiveness 8
communicative action in societal relationships 10–12
communities and stakeholder relations 161–164
community support 63
company-sponsored voluntary work 61
compensation structures 43
Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) 150, 151
competition/competitors 37, 157–158
Competitive Advantage Through People (Pfeffer) 136–137
compliance concerns 173
concern mechanism 29
Conference Board of Canada 86
conflict-of-interest situations 160, 173
conformity with a group 45
congruency, defined 11
Connect: How Companies Succeed by Engaging Radically With Society (Browne, Nuttall, Stadlen) 170
connectivity and communication 84
conscientious stakeholder management 87
conscious capitalism 42
consequentialism 27
content, defined 51
context-related factors 168–169
contextualism 108
control-autonomy duality 137
coordinated international policies 45–46
corporate accountability 151
corporate citizenship 73
corporate ethics codes 122–127, 125
corporate performance 87
corporate psychopaths 36
corporate social responsibility (CSR): business case for 58–62; business ethics vs. 62–63; human centered paradigm 63–65; introduction to 6; rights of businesses over 19; small and medium enterprises and 92; social perspective 56–65; stakeholder relations with 53
Corporate Social Responsibility Initiative at Harvard Business School 185
corruption and free-riding 129–132
Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) 129
Coutts, Louis 185
Covey, Stephen R. 21
Crane, Andrew 12, 44, 138, 168, 175
creative capitalism 42
cultural identity 111
Cumberland, Richard 27
customers/consumers and stakeholder relations 147–151
cyber-deviance 145
D’Amato, Alessia 62
Danone experiment in Mexico 143
Darwin, Charles 168
Data Protection Directive (EU) 145
decision-making process 48–49, 121
Defense Criminal Investigative Service 146
de Montaigne, Michel 36
dependent stakeholders 14
Descartes, René 36
d’Estaing, Olivier Giscard 47
d’Estaing, Valéry Giscard 47
Dewey, John 10
Deus Caritas Est 30
dialogue, defined 15
d’Iribarne, Philippe 143
discourse ethics 10
discretionary activities 60
diversity in corporate social responsibility 63
Dodd-Frank Act (2010) 146
Doris, John M. 44
dualism 117
ecological inclusiveness 72
economic perspective: ethics-led corporate performance 85–89, 86, 88; human centered paradigm 7–8; impact on markets and society 89–93, 93; introduction to 4–6, 80; market based approaches to business ethics 80–89, 86, 88; multi-stakeholder dialogues 9, 18, 19
eco-preneurship 75
eco-social business 75
Effective Altruism movement 168
effective communication 8
egalitarian reciprocity 11
Emiliani, M.L. 182
employee support 63
employer-employee relationship 135–147
Employment Court of Wuppertal 146
enablers of human centered management 44–48, 47
engagement mechanisms 12
English Civil War 26
enlightened self-interest 56
Enron 37, 48, 96, 128, 146, 160
Enterprise Development Fund 42
environmental damages 161
environmental support 64
Equal Employment Opportunity Act (1972) 141
EQUIS (European Quality Improvement System for Universities) 186
Ernst & Young 126
esprit de corps 112
ethical decision-making 27
Ethical Leadership Questionnaire 50, 50
ethical perspective: Buddhism 32; capitalistic society 39–44; Christian tradition 30–31; effects of 48–55; enablers of human centered management 44–48, 47; Hinduism 32–33; human centered paradigm 7–8; introduction to 3, 21–23; Islam 31–32; Judaism 31; moral theory in economic thought 37–39; multi-stakeholder dialogues 9, 18, 19; philosophical agenda of 23–25; rationales 29–37; societal context 25–29
Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI) 162
ethics: corporate ethics codes 122–127, 125; corporate performance and 85–89, 86, 88; of discourse 110; in government and public office 101–106; of institution 6; institutional perspective 120–127; instrumental ethics 80–81; Living Code 125; moral market framework 96–98; in negotiations 151, 153–155, 154; obligations and law 127–129; professional ethics codes 121–122; situational ethics 107; see also business ethics; morality
Ethics & Compliance Officer Association (ECOA) 125, 126
Ethics in Finance (Boatright) 121
Ethics of Lobbying, The report 103
Etzioni, Amitai, 38
European Economic Community (EEC) 148–149
European Foundation for Management Development (EFMD) 186
European Parliament 105
European School of Management and Technology, Berlin 176
European Transparency Initiative (2006) 105
European Union (EU) 97, 105–106, 145, 149, 150 Everybody Matters. The Extraordinary Power of Caring for Your People Like Family (Chapman, Sisodia) 170
evil actions 128
exemplary business ethics curricula 174–176
Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) 162
extrinsic motivation 38
fairness in leadership 2
Fair Trade Labelling International 156
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) 149
feminine studies 76
Financial Management Standard (1997) 102
Fiorina, Carly 81
FLO (Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International) 156
follow-up, defined 15
Ford, Henry 74
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) 130
foreign operations 64
Fortune Global 500 leading companies 32
Forum for Sustainable Development of German Business 120
Francis, Pope 30
Frankfurt School of Finance and Management 176
Freeman, R.E. 5
free market 188
French Revolution 26
Friends of the Earth International (FoEI) 162–163
Fuelling the Fire: New Coal Technologies Spell Disaster for Climate (Walker) 163
functionings 46
Gandhism 94
Gates, Bill 42
General Electric 180
General Motors 152
GenX 112
German Code of Corporate Governance 120, 146
German co-habitation system 174–175
German Development Bank 70
Ghana Grains Partnership with Yara International ASA 70
Gibson, Kevin 5
giving back 161
Global Agenda for Social Work and Social Development 70–71
Global Code for Ethics in Tourism Industry 78
Global Compact 57
global constitutionalism 73
Global Ethics University 109
globalization 162
Globally Responsible Leadership Initiative (GLRI) 186
Good Company: Business Success in the Worthiness Era (Bassi) 170
goodness itself 5
Goodpaster, Kenneth E. 65
Good Samaritan 45
Google 149
Gore, Al 43
Government Owned Corporations Act (1993) 102
green spirituality 34
gross domestic product (GDP) 51, 99
Groundwork for Moral and Responsible Leadership 169
Hamidullah 32
Harvard Business Review 134 healthcare partnerships 18
HIV/AIDS reduction in Angola 91
Hobbes, Thomas 23, 26, 28, 110
Hofstede, Geert 76
holistic training programs 174
Hollander, Edwin P. 50
Holy Bible 28
Homann, Karl 4, 12, 29, 37–38, 80, 116–117
homogeneity 108
human capital 84
human centered management: code of ethics 85–89, 86, 88; corporate social responsibility 63–65; corruption and free-riding 129–132; effect on corporate performance 82; enablers of 44–48, 47; ethical obligations and law 127–129; ethics codes 120–127; guiding patterns for 22; impact on business environment 52–55, 52; inclusiveness in 72; introduction 1, 1–2, 107–109; perspectives on 2–8; reciprocities 48–51, 50; as transformational 49; value consensus 109–120
human centered management education: capacity building 178–180, 179; exemplary business ethics curricula 174–176; introduction to 173; moral markets 180–181; people-oriented 176–177; principles-based education 173–175, 175; process perspective 182–183; role model perspective 183–184; stakeholder relation perspective 184–187; systems thinking and cause-effect 181–182; teaching blocks 177–187
Human Rights Council 99
Human Side of Enterprise, The (McGregor) 77–78
Hume, David 28
hurry factor 45
hypernorms 97
illegal actions 128
immediate core stakeholders 14
Impact of Budgets on People, The (Argyris) 167
implicate order 9
incentive-based ethics 37
inclusiveness: ecological inclusiveness 72; economic inclusiveness 69–70; introduction to 69; in leadership 50; political inclusiveness 73–74; social inclusiveness 70–72
Indian Constitution 33
indifference 120
individual level of stakeholder relations 141–144
informational privacy 144
information technology (IT) 137
in-group/out-group distinction 29
INSEAD business school 47
Institute for Social and Ethical AccountAbility 156
Institute of Business Ethics 126
institutional perspective: accountability frameworks 98–101; government and public office ethics 101–106; human centered paradigm 7–8; introduction to 6–7, 94–95; moral market framework 96–98; multi-stakeholder dialogues 9, 18, 19; policy agendas 95–101
institutional void 94
instrumental association 68
integral business 42
intellectual capital performance 54
International Chamber of Commerce 6
International Commission of Jurists 17
International Federation of Social Workers 70–71
International Index of Perceived Corruption 155
International Labour Organization (ILO) 99, 164
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 92
International Service for Human Rights (ISHR) 161–162
intrinsic motivation 38
investment for mutual advantage 81
investor relations with stakeholders 158–161
Isaacs, William 11
issue-related factors 168
Japanese Economic Planning Agency 147
Jews/Judaism 127
job insecurity 141
John Paul II, Pope 115 Johnson & Johnson 127
Joullié, Jean-Etienne 19
Journal of Corporate Law 126
Judaism 31
justified true belief 84
Kant, Immanuel 5–6, 26–29, 135–136
Kaptein, Muel 12, 49, 53, 124–125
Katz, Daniel 9
Kavaliauskas, Tomas 142
Keat, Russell 96
Kettle, Thomas M. 66
King, Mervyn 165
KLD (Kinder, Lydenberg, Domini) Socrates Database 52, 59, 63–64
Kohlberg, Lawrence 44
Kramer, Mark 42
Kropotkin, Peter 28
Küng, Hans 33
Kyoto Protocol on Global Warming 72
laissez-faire welfare system 65
leaders/leadership: fairness in 2; Machiavellian leader 23; management principles 21–22; manager duties 53; morality of 167–172; responsible leadership 91; social needs of employees 143–144; toxic leaders 34
League of Nations 99
learning organization 84
legal responsibility 59
legitimacy of stakeholders 14
Leviathan (Hobbes) 110
Levi Strauss workplace democracy 139
Lewis, C.S. 46
Lincoln, Abraham 22
Living Code 125
Lobbying Disclosure Act (1995) 104
Logic of Honor, The (d’Iribarne) 143
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine 18
long-term core stakeholders 14
long-term profit maximization 159
López de Arriortúa, José Ignacio 152
Luhmann, Niklas 2
Maastricht Principles on Extraterritorial Obligations of Nation States in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 17
Maastricht Treaty Social Chapter 139–140
MacAskill, William 168
Machiavellian leader 23
MacIntyre, Alasdair 24
Malthus, Thomas Robert 164
manager duties 53
man-made capital 165
Many Hands Dilemma 49
market based approaches to business ethics 80–89, 86, 88
market imperialism 40
masculine studies 76
Massaro, Maurizio 16
Matsumoto, David 76
Matten, Dirk 12, 44, 138, 168, 175
Maucher, Helmut 24
Mazal oubracha, defined 31
McGregor, Douglas Murray 77–78, 167
McKinsey report 182
McMillon, Doug 171
Meditations (Aurelius) 22
Meltzer, Allan H. 5
Mill, John Stuart 27
Millennials 112
Miller, David 68
mindfulness 34
Mohn, Reinhard 24
momentum, defined 51
monetary incentives 39
mood effects 45
Moore, Michael 36
moral autonomy 169
moral consciousness 126
moral desiderata 73
morality: advertising morality 150–151; behavior and business 82–85; competition/competitors 157–158; defined 21; in economic thought 37–39; immorality vs. 23, 29, 152–153; in managers 180; market morality 180–181, 188; overview of 167–172; see also ethics
“moral manager-moral market” juxtaposition 120
multi-stakeholder dialogues: building blocks of 12–14; communicative action in societal relationships 10–12; frameworks for preparing and conducting 14–19, 18; introduction to 2, 8–10, 9; perspectives through 9, 18, 19
Murphy, Patrick E. 169
Nader, Ralph 146
Nash, Laura L. 134
national advisory committee 118
National Business Ethics Survey 125
National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) 121–122
natural capital stock 166
need-based desires 147
Nef, John Ulric 177
negative duty 49
negotiation ethics 151, 153–155, 154
Nestlé company 95, 150–151, 163
Nicolson, Harold 76
Nobel Peace Prize laureate 74
Noll, Mark A. 30
non-governmental organizations (NGOs) 100
North, Douglass Cecil 94
Novak, Michael 46
Obama, Barack 104
obedience to authority 45
objectivism 40
OECD Anti-Bribery Recommendation 130
OECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs 16
open book management 84, 142–143
Open Government Act (2007) 104
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 102
organizational deviance 48
organizational learning 13
organizational listening competency 12
Organization of American States (OAS) 130
Orthodox Christianity 31
osmosis in learning 13
Paine, Thomas 65
Parsons, Talcott 2
Pascal, Blaise 116
personal development 46
philanthropic activities 43, 60
philosophical agenda 23–25, 46–48, 47
Pies, Ingo 74
political community 26
politics (Alexander the Great) 7
Porter, Michael E. 42
power distance 76
power of stakeholders 14
Prahalad, C.K. 41, 63, 71, 80–81
price-fixing 158
PricewaterhouseCoopers 86
prima facie duties 67
principle-centered leadership 21
principle-driven culture 174
principles-based education 173–175, 175
Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME) Initiative 4
Principles of Ethical Conduct for Government Officers and Employees 101
private bribery 155
proactive social responsibility 93
process initiation 15
Procurement Integrity Act 146, 153
product support 64
professional ethics codes 121–122
profits with principles 185
Progressive Utilization Theory 33
Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, The (Weber) 25, 30
provisional ethics 36
Public Interest Disclosure Act (1998) 146
Public Management (PUMA) 102
public purpose capitalism 42
Public-Sector Ethics Act (1994) 102
purdah, defined 95
Pure Drinking Water Supply Project 94
Rand, Ayn 40
rationales for ethical perspective 29–37
reason attribute 5
reciprocities in human centered management 48–51, 50
recorded conversations 128
Regulating Conflicts of Interest for Holders of Public Office 105
responsible leadership 91
reversibility position 10
role model perspective 183–184
Ross, William D. 67
Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) 100
Rubens, Arthur xi
rule-finding discourses 37
rule-setting processes 37
Russian Orthodox Church 31
Sandel, Michael J. 65
Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) (2002) 123, 128
Sayer, Andrew 96
Scandinavian welfare state 174
Scharmer, Otto 42
Schilit, Howard Mark 160Schminke, Marshall ix, 44, 128
Schreck, Philipp 61
Scott, William Richard 94
sense-making business 42
Shackle, George Lennox Sharman 66
shared sensing 10
shared value capitalism 42Sims, Ronald R. 173, 183
Sisodia, Rajendra S. 42, 48, 169–170
Sismondi, Jean Jacques 65
situational ethics 107
situation-specific ethics 44
Six Hour MBA, The (Coutts) 185
small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 92
Social Accountability International (SAI) 156
social capital 51
social contract theory 26
social cooperation 81
social development 46
social entrepreneurs 74–75, 75
socialization, externalization, combination and internalization (SECI) of knowledge 81–82
social license to operate 12
social needs of employees 143–144
social perspective: beyond commerciality 68–69; corporate social responsibility (CSR) 56–65; cultural impacts 76–79, 77; equitability and social justice 65–69; human centered paradigm 7–8; inclusiveness 69–74; introduction to 3–4, 56; just market, defined 66–67; multi-stakeholder dialogues 9, 18, 19; social entrepreneurs 74–75, 75
societal context of ethical perspective 25–29
societal context of economic perspective 89–93, 93
Society for Business Ethics 134
Society of European Affairs Professionals (SEPA) 104
sociological economics 39
Somalia 91
Sorell, Tom 150
Southern Africa Enterprise Development Fund 42
special purpose entities 159–160
spiritual dimension 30
St. Augustine 25
stakeholder relations: collective level 139–141; with communities 161–164; conscientious stakeholder management 87; with customers/consumers 147–151; employer-employee relationship 135–147; fair trade 156–157; individual level 141–144; introduction to 133, 133–135, 135; with investors 158–161; level playing field 13–14; moral behavior and relations 82–85; negotiation ethics 151, 153–155, 154; perspective on 184–187; privacy in workplace 144–147; suppliers and competitors 151–158; see also multi-stakeholder dialogues
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 62–63
Stanford prison experiment 45
statism 40
Stiglitz, Joseph E. 180
strategic action 10
structural capital 84
structure, defined 51
subsistence economy 72
Suchanek, Andreas 28
Sumner, William Charles 168
suppliers and stakeholder relations 151–158
sustainable development 13
Swahili humanism 184
technical effectiveness 183
Templeton Foundation 180
timeliness problem 107
Tirole, Jean 159
TotalFinaElf 164
toxic leaders 34
trade agreements (TAs) 16
transformational human centered management 49
Transparency International 129–130, 155, 156
Treviño, Linda K. xiv, 35, 86, 181
trickle-down effect 142
Tschannen-Moran, Megan 183
uncertainty avoidance 76
UN Commission on Human Rights 98
underground coal gasification (UCG) 163
UN General Assembly 172
United Nations (UN) 4
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) 75
United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) 98, 99, 161
United Nations Millennium Declaration 108
United Nations World Summit on Social Development 47
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 17, 98
universalistic ethics 3
universal norms 97
UN Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME) 172
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 72, 100, 164, 172
urgency of stakeholders 14
US Agency for International Development 18
US Catholic Bishops 30
US Department of Justice 130
US National Defense University 109
Vagelos, Roy 5
value added (VA) 54
Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) 54
value-creating culture 174
victimization effect 142
Walesa, Lech 68
Walton, Clarence C. 171
Welch, Jack 24
Werhane, Patrticia H. ix, xiii, 2
wholeheartedness 118
wider linkage phenomenon 75
Williamson, Oliver 51
Willis Towers Watson 141
Wissenschaftliche Hochschule für Unternehmensführung (WHU) 175
Wittenberg Center Code of Responsible Conduct for Business 120
Wittenberg Center for Global Ethics (WCGE) 175–176
Woodstock Theological Center 103
workplace democracy 139
World Business Council for Sustainable Business (WBCSB) 186
World Development Report 67
World Economic Forum (WEF) 57
World Tourism Organization 78
World War I 99
World Wildlife Federation (WWF) 100
Zimbardo, Philip G. 45