Contents

Introduction xi

Chapter 1      Introduction to Enterprise Risk Management

Who This Book Is for

Success Requires Commitment to Risk Management

Risk Management Defined

Stewardship and Risk Management

Cost and Risk Management

The Cost of Success

The Cost of Failure

Summary of Risk Management-Watching for the Potholes

Your Action Plan

Chapter 2      The WHAT of Risk Management

What Risk Management Is

The Born (Entrepreneur) Incident

What Risk Management Is Not

Risk Taking Versus Risk Management

Risk Taking Is Necessary for Survival

Risk Management Is Necessary for Success and Growth

What Risk Is

Risk Can Be Seen from Two Views

Risk Can Be Unpredictable

Your Personal Risk Appetite

Risk Management Tool One-Personal Risk Spectrum

What a Risk Management Programme Is

You Already Manage Risk

Preview of a Risk Management Structure

Cost of a Risk Management Programme

Cost-Awareness That Risk Exists

Cost-Finding Appropriate Balance

Cost-Measuring Your Exposure

Cost-Setting Appropriate Goals

Cost-Willingness to Alter Your Plans

Cost-Embracing the Pains of Change

The Catch-22 Syndrome of Risk Management

Catch 1

Catch 2

Risk Taking Is a Paradox

Back to PJI

Onward

Your Action Plan

Chapter 3      WHY Is Risk Management Important to Us?

Reasons Why Formal Risk Management Is Vital to Success

Reason 1

Reason 2

Reasons to Care about Formal Risk Management

Not Just Risk Avoidance

It’s a Small (Appliance) World

Why Peril Awareness Is a Group Effort

Why Risk Management Is a Leadership Responsibility

Desire for Innovation and Creativity

Need for Fraud Prevention and Detection or Proper Governance

Need Adequate Checks and Balances

Desire to Maximise Profits

Need for Good Stewardship of Corporate Assets

Ten Ways ERM Can Make an Impact

Onward

Your Action Plan

Chapter 4      WHICH Risks Do We Need to Be Concerned about?

Enterprise Risk Management Step One-Obtain Consensus on Allowable Risk

Risk Management Tool Two: Process for Gaining Consensus on What Risk Looks Like

Why Defining Risk Is Necessary in Enterprise Risk Management

Evaluating Risk

Immediacy of Risk

Size of Risk

Impact of Risk

Scope of Risk

Back to PJI

How to Make an Internal Strategic Risk Assessment

Risk Management Tool Three-Strategic Risk Assessment

What Strategic Risk Management Is

Three Examples of Tools to Assess Risk

Risk Management Tool Four-Risk Tolerance Questionnaire

Risk Management Tool Five-Critical Risk Questionnaire

Risk Management Tool Six-Critical Risk Path

Three Case Studies

Case Study: The Risk in Giving Incentives to Certain Employees

Case Study: The Risk of Doing Business in a Third-World Country

Case Study: The Risk of New Technology

Onward

Your Action Plan

Chapter 5      WHEN Is It Appropriate to Plan for Risk?

Plan for Risk before It Happens

Mark’s Failure to Anticipate Risk

Mark’s Pitfall

Back to PJI

ERM Step Two-Seek Out the Global Sources of Risk

Strategic Objectives and ERM

Relationship of Strategic Planning and Risk Management

Assessing Your Strategic Risk

Operational Objectives and ERM

Operational Risk

Mitigating Operational Risk

When to Apply Risk Management

Daily, Monthly and Annual Goals

New Initiatives

Everyday Business Decisions

Opportunities and Threats

Risk Assessing When Scenario Planning

Tool for Measuring Risk

Risk Management Tool Seven-Risk and Opportunity Measurement and Management Strategy Grid...

Case Study: The Opportunity to Invest

Case Study: The Risk of Losing Qualified Talent

Case Study : Avoiding Termination Blowback

Lessons from the Case Studies

Onward

Action Plan

Chapter 6      WHERE Do Our Efforts Need to Be?

Sources of Jeopardy

Harry

Holistic Approach

ERM Step Three-Analyse the Ability of Your Organisation to Handle Risk

Risk Management Tool Eight-Culture Assessment

Embedded in the Cultural Fabric

What Is Culture?

How a Culture Story Is Developed

Visible Clues about Risk in Your Cultural Norms

Culture Must Never Be Downplayed

Determining Your Culture’s View of Risk Taking

Risk Management Tool Nine-Assessment of a Balanced Culture

Barriers to ERM Implementation

Obstacle One: Perceived Cost in Dollars and Time

Obstacle Two: Denial That ERM Is Necessary

Obstacle Three: Leaders’ Resistance

Obstacle Four: Employee Attitudes

Ways to Integrate ERM into Your Culture

Bring Your People Resources Together

Ensure Employee Acceptance through Training

Build Enthusiasm

Make it a Bottom-Line Issue

Risk Management Tool Ten-Responsibility Statement

Teach Managers about Risk Management

Five ERM Actions for Immediate Implementation

Risk Management Tool Eleven-SLOT Analysis

SLOT Versus SWOT.

Your External Threats and Risk Management

Your Opportunities and Risk Management

Onward

Your Action Plan

Chapter 7      WHO Needs to Be Involved?

Risk Management Is a Team Effort

CRO

Risk Management Team

Board of Directors

Oversight Group in Small Organisations

Finance’s Role in ERM

Insurance’s Role in Risk Management

Insurance Does Not Always Reduce Exposure

Insurance’s Inadequacy

ERM Step Four: Minimise Exposure to Risk

Look for Risk during Times of Success

Look for Risk in Your Vulnerable and Hidden Areas

Look for Risk in Your Timelines

Integrate ERM Goals into Existing Infrastructure

Budgeting Process

Reporting and Feedback Process

Goals and Measurements System

Prioritisation Process

Project Development and Funding Process

Minimise Internal Risk of Unethical Employee Behaviour

Risk and POLR

Setting the Expectation for Ethical Behaviours

Unreasonable Policies Increase Ethics Risk

Unreasonable Expectations Increase Ethics Risk

Incentives Increase Ethics Risk

Internal Pressures Increase Ethics Risk

Risk from Fraud and Employee Abuses

Two Tools to Analyse and Reduce Exposure to Ethics Risk

Risk Management Tool Twelve-The Five Whys

Risk Management Tool Thirteen-Establish Contingency Funds

Back to PJI

Onward

Your Action Plan

Chapter 8      HOW Do We Conduct Enterprise Risk Management?

Process for the Leadership Body to Implement Risk Management

Checklist for Implementing Risk Management

Minimum Elements to Establish Risk Awareness

Starting to Implement ERM

ERM Step Five: Recover Quickly from the Negative Impacts of the Risk

Empower Employees to Act

Match Authority with Responsibility

Five Tools to Help Clarify Accountability and Empower Employees to Act

Risk Management Tool Fourteen-Risk Authority and Responsibility Chart

Risk Management Tool Fifteen-Formalised Action Plan

Risk Management Tool Sixteen-Formalised Action Plan Summary

Risk Management Tool Seventeen-Pitfall Analysis

Risk Management Tool Eighteen-Controllable, Negotiable and Given Analysis

Onward

Your Action Plan

Chapter 9      What Happens NEXT?

Reconciling Different Views of Risk

Teri and Kris

Risk Management Tool Nineteen-Criteria Checkerboard

ERM Step Five and One-Half: Learn Something (So You Can Accept Even More Risk with Confidence)

Evaluating Your ERM Efforts

Interpreting Results

Tracking Process Output Versus Reality

Scenario Planning Again

Learning Lessons

Risk Management Tool Twenty-Plus/Delta Analysis

The Risk Audit

Ongoing Protection

Lessons Learned

Onward

End of the Line

Five and One-Half Myths of ERM

ERM Tool Kit

Your Action Plan

Chapter 10       Epilogue

Justin

Paul

PJI International

The Future Is Bright

You and Your Organisation

Case Study: The Hornet’s Nest

Onward

Appendix A       High Road Institute’s Process for Implementing an Effective Risk Management Programme

Appendix B       What Happened in 2007?

Appendix C       Enterprise Risk Management

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