activism 135
Adams, Eddie 20
“administrative evil” 91
advertising: cartoons 78; Lange interview 142–149; public relations 56–57, 59–61
advocacy documentaries 38–39, 134–137
Ahva, L. 49
amateur photography see citizen journalism
analysis see Systematic Ethical Analysis
Appelbaum, Y. 60
Arab Spring 106
Aristippus 9
Aristotle 9, 57; see also golden mean
ARPANET 105
art movements 67
audio editing 123
augmented reality (AR) 94–95, 96
authenticity: image manipulation 4, 26; TARES 53, 54, 145–146
awards: cartoons 74; citizen journalism 42–46; Özbilici, Burham 132; public service announcements 59
Bahadur, N. 61
Bailenson, Jeremy 127
Baker, Sherry 53
Bakker, P. 113
balanced reporting 34; see also false balance
Bayard, Hippolyte 19
Beck, Richard 128
Benetton 57
Bennett, Dashiell 27
Bentham, Jeremy 10
Berners‐Lee, Tim 105
Best Gore website 89
bias: false balance 11–13; objectivity 37
bioethics 91
Bloom, Paul 128
Brennen, B. 28
Brignull, H. 91
Browne, Malcolm 20
Bush, George W., President 58–59
bystander photography 44, 47; see also citizen journalism
Cailliau, Tim 105
Cairo, Alberto 76
calligraphy 65
Capa, Robert 20
Carson, David 68
cartoons 73–75; annotated sources 81–82; case studies 80–81; and ethics 77–80
Cassidy, Arthur, Dr. 111
categorical imperative 9–10; awards 46; elections 2016 case study 13; infographics 77; online media 89; violent images 111; visual reporting 18–19
Cellan‐Jones, R. 112
Chamber, T. 49
Chapnick, Howard 41
Charlie Hebdo incident 79
charts 76–77; see also infographics
Cheng, I. 61
citizen journalism: annotated sources 49–50; awards 42–46; case studies 48–49; credibility 41–47; interviews 137–142; professionalism 47; technology 27, 46; see also social media
Clinton, Hilary, election campaign 11–15, 108
CLIO Awards 59
clothing: advertising 56, 57; intellectual property rights 67
Coleman, C. A. 61
Coleman, S. 49
Collins, Floyd 107
Collins, Jim, interview 137–142
comment section, online news 110
communications: email 104–105; internet 105; social media 103, 105–106
computers 88
conflict see violent images
context manipulation 4
copyright see intellectual property rights
covert journalism 38
Crandell, Ben 43
credibility, citizen journalism 41–47
Cummins, R.G. 49
Cushman, C. 81
Czarny, M.J. 91
daguerreotype process 19
data visualization see infographics
de la Peña, Nonny 80, 97, 98–99, 101, 127
Diageo 81
documentaries: advocacy 38–39, 134–137; case studies of objectivity 37–39; objectivity 34–37
Dwyer, A. 112
EA (Electronic Arts) 126
Eastman, George 22
editing: annotated sources 123; awards 46; case studies 121–122; challenges and choices 115–121; citizen journalism 139–140; context manipulation 4; empathy 127–128; subject manipulation 4, 24–27; Walgren interview 153–158; see also image manipulation
egoless editing 158
Eisenstaedt, Alfred 27
Eisner, Will 74
elections 2016, USA case study 11–15, 23–24, 90
empathy 97–98, 125–128, 159–164
ethics overview 2–6; see also values
Ethics Unwrapped website 6
Facebook: Arab Spring 106; communications tool 103; “Thai man” video 119; violent images 111
Fairey, Shepard 67
fax machines 104
films: audience suitability 84, 85–87; documentaries 34–39, 134–137; empathy 126; objectivity 34–37; rating system 86
Firmstone, J. 49
Flynn, Michael, Lt. General 108
Fox News 34
Fredriksson, M. 61
Gajewski, M. 91
Galella, Ron 23
games see video games
Gap, stereotyping 6
Gardner, Alexander 24
Gardner, E. 70
gender: advertising 61–62; misogynistic games 95–96
Giner, Juan Antonio 76
golden mean 9; censorship 86–87; editing 115–116, 120–121; elections 2016 case study 14; intellectual property rights 69; violent images 111; visual reporting 133
golden rule 8; elections 2016 case study 14; news comment section 110; violent images 88, 111
Google Earth 94
Google Glass 96
Google VR 95
graphic design, intellectual property rights 66–69, 70–71
graphs 76–77; see also infographics
Gulf of Mexico, oil spill 59–60
Hardy, Arnold 43
Hare, Jimmy 20
Hawking, Stephen 35
Hawkins, Trip 126
Hearst, William Randolph 20, 42
hedonism 9; advertising stereotypes 56; cartoons 78; credibility 41–42; elections 2016 case study 13–14; image manipulation 26; infographics 75; loyalties 64–66; sensationalization 88
Hellman, M. 49
Hennessy, Rachel 128
high‐dynamic range (HDR) 26–27
Hill, Sarah, interview 149–153
Hille, S. 113
Hiltzik, Michael 41
historical context: cartoons 73–74; communications technology 103–104, 105; infographics 73; privacy rights 22; visual reporting 19–20, 133
Hoefler, Jonathan 68
Hoffman, M.C. 91
HoloLens 96
Houle, David 104
HTC Vive 95
human relationships: citizen journalism 46; empathy 126, 127–128; interpreting visual media 28; loyalties 64–66
Hume, David 35
image manipulation 4; case studies 121–123; visual reporting 24–27; World Press Photo Competition 121–122; see also editing
immersive storytelling 97, 101, 127, 128; see also virtual reality
infographics 73–75; case studies 81; and ethics 75–77; Orlando nightclub incident 119
intellectual property rights: annotated sources 70–71; case studies 69–70; graphic design 67–68; logos 68, 69–70; philosophy 69; typography 63–66, 67, 71
International Association of Business Communicators (IABC) 54
internet: ethics 89, 91; historical context 105; online media 84, 88–90, 91
Irby, Kenny, interview 159–164
Jarecke, Kenneth 20
Johansson, B. 61
Kant, Immanuel 9–10; see also categorical imperative
Kardashian, Khloe 70
Kennerly, David Hume 163
Kent, Tom 98
Kienzler, Donna 77
King, Rodney case 45
Kovach, Bill 46
Kramer, Stella 20
Kristine, L. 39
Kurtz, Adam J. 68
Lambeth, Ed 54
Lange, Dorothea 22
Lange, Lisa, interview 142–149
Lee, S. T. 61
legal context: cartoon representation 79; censorship 86–87, 89; obscenity 89; privacy 3–4, 22–24
Lego 81
Lezter, Rafi 122
live broadcasting 87
logos, intellectual property rights 68, 69–70
Lorenzini, C. 101
Lugrin, J. 101
Lyons, Sara M. 68
Macauley, David 80
MacDougall, Curtis 120
Madden, Matt 80
Mäenpää, J. 29
Marcinkowski, Paul 73
Mark, Mary Ellen 26
Martinson, David L. 53
Massie, Christopher 120
McCurry, Steve 122
media convergence 28
media industry: citizen journalism 41; ethics 1–2
media professionals: character traits 33–34; public relations 61–62; role‐related responsibilities 8, 13, 116–117; Systematic Ethical Analysis 10–11, 14; TARES Test 53–56
Microsoft’s Comic Sans 66
Mill, John Stuart 10
MILNET 105
Mitchell, A. 112
mixed reality (MR) see augmented reality
Mlodinow, Leonard 35
modeling, and advertising 56, 61
moral agents 8
morality, distinction from ethics 2
Morris, Errol 66
Motion Picture Association of America 86
motion pictures see films
movies see films
Muflahi, Abdullah 45
National Communication Association (NCA) 54
news reporting: citizen journalism 41–49, 140–141; comment section 110; fake news 106–110; online media 88–89; social media 112, 113, 140–141; television 87, 88, 112; virtual reality 97–98, 99, 101
Newton, Julianne 35
non‐professional reporting see citizen journalism
nudity 157; see also porn media
Nussbaum, Martha 128
objectivity: advocacy 134–135, 136–137; annotated sources 38–39; case studies 28, 29; documentaries 34–37; documentaries case studies 37–39; editing 116; meaning of 32–34
obscenity law 89
oil spill, Gulf of Mexico 59–60
Orlando nightclub incident 79–80, 119
Orta, Ramsey 45
Page, J. T. 61
paparazzi 23
Paquin, Denis, interview 131–134
Paulussen, S. 113
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) 142–149
Pepsi, public relations 60
personal ethical choices 86, 121, 157–158
persuasion 4–5; advertising 57; social media 103–104
philosophy: elections 2016 case study 13–14; infographics 77; Systematic Ethical Analysis 8–10; see also categorical imperative; golden mean; golden rule; hedonism; utilitarianism; veil of ignorance
photo ops: decision‐making 116–117; public relations 57–59; when to publish 118–119
Photoshop, image manipulation 25–26
plagiarism, image manipulation 26
PlayStation VR 95
police actions, citizen journalism 45–46, 48–49
politicians: cartoons 78–79; elections 2016 USA case study 11–15, 23–24; public relations 57–59
Polk Awards 46
post‐traumatic stress disorder 99–100
Potter, Ralph B., Jr. 7
Potter’s Box 7
Priestley, Joseph 10
professionalism: citizen journalism 47; medical dramas 91
professionals see media professionals
public relations 52–53; advertising 56–57, 59–61; annotated sources 61–62; case studies 59–61; Lange interview 142–149; manipulations 57–59; TARES Test 53–56, 59; Twitter 112
Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) 54
public service announcements (PSAs) 59
Pulitzer, Joseph 42
Pulitzer Prize: cartoons 79; credibility 42–44; victims of violence 20–21
radio editing 123
radio hoaxes 107
Radio Television Digital News Association 123
Rawls, John 10, 125; see also veil of ignorance
Raymond, A.H. 113
reality reality (RR) 93
reciprocity 8
Reed, Arthur 45
relationships see human relationships
representation: cartoons 79, 82; documentaries 34; empathy 125–126, 164; infographics 76; intellectual property rights 67; see also objectivity
respect, TARES 53–54, 55, 146–147
retweeting 112
Rifkin, Jeremy 126
rights see animal rights; privacy rights
Robertson, M. 70
Robison, W. 82
role‐related responsibilities (RRRs) 8, 13, 116–117
Roosevelt, Franklin, President 58
Rose, G. 39
Rosenthal, Joe 24
Rothstein, Arthur 24
Royce, Lydia 122
Rubens, P. 82
Sagmeister, Stefan 73
Saliba, Emmanuelle, interview 137–142
Samsung Gear VR 95
Santana, Feidin 45
Schau, Virginia 43
Schultz, E. J. 81
Scott, Walter shooting 45
screen size 86
screened media 84–86; annotated sources 91; case studies 90–91; computers 88; editing 123; empathy 126; online media 88–90; television 87–88; see also films
search engines 91
sensationalization 88
The Simpsons (cartoon) 78
smartphones, violent images 89–90
Smythe, Stuart 68
social media: annotated sources 112–113; case studies 111–112; citizen journalism 41, 140–141; as communication tool 103, 105–106; editing 119; fake news 106–110; false balance 12; intellectual property rights 70; news reporting 113; violent images 110–111
social responsibility, TARES 54, 55–56, 148–149; see also editing
Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ) 33, 54
Solomon, Jon 85
Solórzano, F. 90
South Park (cartoon) 78, 80–81
staging: public relations 57–59; subject manipulation 24–25
Stampler, L. 61
stereotyping 5–6; cartoons 78; public relations 56–57
storylines, awards 46
storytelling in VR 97, 101, 127, 128, 150–153
Strock, George 20
suicide: privacy 4; “Thai man” video 119
Sullivan, Margaret 99
surveillance cameras 89
Systematic Ethical Analysis (SEA) 6–11; case studies 11–15, 168–173; ten steps of 7–10, 166–167
Taylor, Harriet 10
technical writing, cartoons for 82
technology: citizen journalism 27, 46; communications 103–105; computers 88; films 85–87; online media 88–90; screened media 84; social media 103; television 87–88; virtual reality 93, 99, 150–151
terrorism: 9/11 4, 45; cartoons 78–79; Orlando nightclub incident 79–80
text messaging 110
“Thai man” video 119
trespassing case study 38
Trump, Donald: election campaign 11–15, 90; fake news 106; public relations 59; Twitter 109, 111–112
truth: cartoons 79; case studies 28; objectivity 33–34, 35; TARES Test 53, 54, 143–145; see also fake news
Twitter: Arab Spring 106; ethics in public relations 112; Trump, Donald 109, 111–112; violent images 110–111
TypeRight 71
typography, intellectual property rights 63–66, 67, 71
United States: elections 2016 11–15, 23–24, 90; fake news 106–107; privacy rights 22–24; public relations 58–59
user‐generated content 138–142; see also citizen journalism
utilitarianism 10; elections 2016 case study 13; intellectual property rights 68; visual reporting 19, 132–133
values: character traits 33–34; Potter’s Box 7; Systematic Ethical Analysis 8, 13–14; TARES Test 53–56, 59
veil of ignorance 10; elections 2016 case study 14; empathy 125, 127, 128; equity 55; infographics 77; public relations 59
victims of violence 3, 19–22; see also violent images
video games: empathy 126; misogyny 95–96; violence in 78, 88; virtual reality 95
violent images 3; editing 119–121, 155–156; empathy 163–164; non‐professional reporting 27; online media 88–90; screen size 86; screened media 85, 86–88; social media 110–111; victims of violence 3, 19–22; video games 88; virtual reality 95–96, 99; war photographs 117–118
virtual reality (VR) 93–101; empathy 127–128; Hill interview 149–153; Orlando nightclub incident 79–80
visual literacy 158
visual reporting 18–19; annotated sources 28–29; areas of concern 3–6; case studies 27–28; image manipulation 24–27; Paquin interview 131–134; privacy rights 22–24; subject manipulation 24–27; victims of violence 19–22; see also editing
Walgren, Judith, interview 153–158
war photography: citizen journalism 42, 46, 48; editing 117–118; empathy 163; image manipulation 24, 26; Nazi trials 90–91; Syrian conflict 48, 106, 131; visual reporting 19–21, 28–29, 131, 133; see also violent images
war tourism 27
Watercutter, A. 60
wedding photography 122
Westervelt, Amy 96
Wikipedia 48
Woodbury, M. 91
World Press Association 25
World Press Photo Competition 121–122
“The Yellow Kid” (cartoon) 42, 78
Zapruder, Abraham 44
Zara 67
Zayer, L. T. 61