Abstracted, 29
Addressing system, 9
Adoption, 2
Advanced analytics techniques, 36
Advanced encryption, 49
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), 4
Airlines, 15
Alignment, 11, 14, 17, 20, 21, 28, 38, 71, 81, 84, 93, 95, 112, 113, 115, 116, 127, 128
cultural, 83–84
functional, 90–91
intellectual, 88–90
procedural, 87–88
process, 87–88
strategic, 84–85
structural, 86–87
tactical, 91–92
Analog, 67
Analytics, 15, 36, 37, 44, 119, 132, 133, 137, 140, 144, 148, 149, 150
Application programming interfaces (APIs), 135
Architecture, 8, 22, 23, 24, 37, 98, 127, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 143, 144
ARPA. See Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)
ARPANET, 4
Artificial Intelligence, 49
Authentication, 38, 41, 42, 55
Automated processes, 87
Automation, 6
Balanced Score Card, 129
Bandwidth, 11, 38, 40, 43, 50, 104
Banking, 14, 52
Belief system, 83
Big Bang, 1
Big data Analytics, 36, 37, 132, 137, 148, 149, 150
Big data, 27, 33–38, 48, 49, 51, 97, 101, 102, 121, 129, 132, 137, 141, 149, 150
BITA Calculator, 81, 82, 92
BITA. See Business–IT Alignment (BITA)
Blockchain, 49
Blueprint, 23
Bring Your Own Device (BYOD), 38
Bureaucracy
Business enabler, 3
Business goals, 24
Business outcome, 15
Business processes, 14
Business value of IT (BVIT) 18
Business-IT alignment (BITA), 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11–27, 31, 33, 58, , 69–115, 136. See also Alignment
calculator, 92–110
cycle of interdependence, 21–27
in organization, 75–77
level, 81–
market differentiation, 70–73
outcome-based it, 14–21
score chart, 111–112
scoring process, 94
seven dimensions for, 81–82
Business–IT ecosystem, 1
Business-IT integration, 45, 49
Business-technology alignment, 81, 115
BVIT. See business value of IT (BVIT)
BYOD. See Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)
C#, 143
C++, 138
Capex, 103
CDO. See Chief Digital Officer (CDO)
Central processing unit (CPU), 15, 36
Chief Digital Officer (CDO), 65
Chief information officer (CIO), 19, 65
Chief Marketing Officer (CMO), 65, 95
Churn, 34, 121
CIO. See Chief Information Officer (CIO)
Client, 8, 30, 40, 41, 42, 129, 141, 154
Client-Server architecture, 2
Client–server model, 7
Cloud computing, 2, 3, 27, 29–38, 50, 119, 132, 133
Cloud service provider (CSP), 29
Cloud, 9, 22, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 37, 40, 42, 49, 50, 51, 55, 57, 119, 132, 133, 138, 141, 144, 145, 148, 149, 156
CMO. See Chief Marketing Officer (CMO)
CoBoL, 3
Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software, 141
Common purpose, 14
Computational power, 133
Computing resource, 29
Consumer to consumer(C2C) model, 56
Consumers, 44
Consumption devices, 49
Continuous improvement, 45
Core competence, 51
COTS. See commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software
CPU. See central processing unit (CPU)
CSP. See cloud service provider (CSP)
Customer centricity, 136
Customer experience management (CEM), 44–51
Customer experience, 70
Customer lifecycle management, 17, 121
Customer Relation-ship Management (CRM), 27
Customer Satisfier, 20
D’Agostino, Abbey, 12
Data mining, 138
Data privacy, 49
Data science, 37
Data warehouse, 138
Data, 33
Data-Processing, 3, 34
Department, 3
Desired characteristics, 124
Digital age, 50
Digital business, 56, 62, 67, 81, 116, 118, 131, 132, 135, 147
Digital computing, 2
Digital divide, 52, 134
Digital economy, 28, 50, 51–67, 69, 73, 75, 95, 113, 123, 134, 148
Digital education, 27, 155
Digital enterprise, 11, 53, 54, 59, 61, 62, 64, 67, 81, 82, 115–159
BITA score comparisons, 116
characteristics of, 118–124
computing architecture, 135–137
consumers, 156–159
digital opportunity, 126
influencers, 154–156
markets, 156–159
next-wave it, 144–152
non-characteristics of, 124–125
organizational framework, 129–132
partnerships, 152–154
software, 137–144
strategy, 128–129
technology, 132–135
vision, 128–129
Digital iceberg, 56
Digital mindset, 62, 75, 125
Digital technology, 51, 52, 53, 57, 61, 118, 119, 123, 126, 156, 157
Digital transformation, 57–65, 77, 117, 129, 132, 143, 144
adaptable IT architecture, 62
competitive advantage, 61
cost reduction, 61
customer loyalty, 61
digital business, 62
digital launch, 62–64
digital transformation strategy, 61
information technology charter, 61–62
market differentiation, 61
operational efficiency, 61
project uncertainty, 63
sense of urgency, 59–60
shared mission, 60
speed-to-market, 61
transformation blueprint, 60
vision for enterprise, 60
Digital vision, 58, 127, 128, 129
Digital workforce, 11, 65, 150
Digitization, 76
Dimensions, 1
Disk Operating System (MS-DOS), 6
Distributed processing, 37
Dumb pipes, 49
EA. See Enterprise Architecture (EA)
e-Commerce, 55, 120, 158
EDP. See Electronic Data Processing (EDP)
Electronic Data Processing (EDP), 3
Enablers, 28
Encryption, 49, 138
Engineering, 141
ENIAC, 1
Enterprise Architecture (EA),
23, 62
Enterprise mobility, 27, 37, 38–42, 132, 133
Enterprise resource planning (ERP), 27, 137
ERP. See Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Evolution, 2
FCE. See first-call-effectiveness (FCE)
Firewall, 31, 138
First computer, 1
First-call-effectiveness (FCE), 15
Framework, 29
Freedom, 38
Gateway, 37, 137, 140, 155
Hadoop, 129, 138
Hamblin, Nikki, 12
Host, 8, 37, 50, 144
Hybrid cloud, 31
Hybrid model, 31
Hygiene factor, 71
Hyperinflationary growth, 1
IAAS. See Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IAAS)
ICT development index (IDI), 28
ICT. See Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
IDI. See ICT development index (IDI) 28
Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC), 55
Inequality, 52
Influencers, 120
Information and Communication Technology (ICT), 27, 28, 49, 52, 53
Information technology, 1, 48, 51, 61–62
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IAAS), 30
Inhibitors, 124
Innovation, 51, 59, 61, 87, 88, 89, 90, 96, 117, 118, 119, 123, 125, 127, 128, 131
Innovative offerings, 70
Insights, 45
Instant messaging, 117
Integrated circuits, 2
Intelligence, 1
Internal customer, 20
International Telecommunication Union (ITU), 28
Internet connectivity, 134
Internet of Things (IoT), 141
Internet Protocol, 4
Intranet, 101, 122
Intrinsic behavior, 12
IoT. See Internet of Things (IoT)
IP-based, 4
IP-centric, 11, 42, 132
IP-tv, 27
IPv6, 9
IRCTC. See Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC)
IT evolution, 2–10
IT powerhouse, 30
IT services, 24, 103, 136
ITU. See International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
Java, 50, 138, 145
JIT. See Just-in-time (JIT)
Just-in-time (JIT), 14
Lifecycle, 45
Line Printer, 3
Linux, 138
Local Area Network, 8
Machine learning (ML), 34, 49
Mainframe, 2, 3, 6, 50
Management information system (MIS), 4
Market differentiator, 71
MDM. See Mobile Device Manager (MDM)
Merged reality (MR), 49
Microcomputers (PCs), 8
Microprocessor, 132, 137
Minicomputer, 4, 5, 6. 50
Mini-computers, 2, 4
MIS. See management information system (MIS)
Mobile Device Manager (MDM), 41
Mobile networks, 28
Mobile Self-Service portal, 20
Mobility, 9
Moore’s Law, 132–135
Movement, 38
MRI scanner, 17
Multiple dimensions, 1
Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), 163
Multi-tenancy cloud computing environment, 30
Munoz, Oscar, 12
Navigation, 53
Network, 4, 8, 9, 28, 34, 38, 41, 42, 52, 122, 133, 136, 137, 139, 141, 147, 148, 152, 154, 155
New-age IT, 11, 21
Object-oriented technology, 50
Object-oriented, 50
OEM. See Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)
Operating System, 6, 137, 138
Opex, 103
Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), 142
Outcome-based IT, 14–21, 90
Outcomes, 14
Packet transfer, 4
Packet-based communication, 4
Parallel processing, 35
Partners, 120
Photography, 52
Platform (architecture), 24, 29
Platform, 29
Plug-and-play, 41
Portal, 20, 21, 119
Pre-internet era, 4
Printing, 2
Productivity, 6
Public cloud, 30
Real-time, 34, 122
Relational database, 36
Remote cluster, 29
Reuse, 99
Rounded approach, 116
Rules of business, 118
SAAS. See Software-as-a-Service
Scalability, 23, 136, 137
Scalable architecture, 2
Seed, 128
Segmentation, 46, 121
sentiments analytics, 44
Server, 3, 8, 15, 29, 30, 31, 41, 50, 104, 139
Servers, 8
Service level agreement (SLA), 20
Service-oriented architecture (SOA), 143
Share, 8
Shared mission, 14, 84
Shared passion, 13
Shared-service, 20
Shared-services model, 20
Shopping, 52
Silicon, 132
Single-tenancy cloud computing environment, 30
SMAC, 99, 144, 145, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151
SOA. See service-oriented architecture (SOA)
Social Media (SM), 42–45
Social media sites, 37
Social media strategies, 44
Software-as-a-Service (SAAS), 32
Speed-to-market, 71
Suppression
TA. See tool administrator (TA)
Tactics, 96
TBO. See Think, Build, and Operate (TBO)
Technical competence, 89
Technological innovation, 118
Technology company, 51
Technology for business, 7,
67, 115
Technology management, 115
Technology, 120
Telecom, 3, 15, 16, 18, 27, 28, 49, 50, 67, 139, 153, 154, 155
The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), 24
Think, Build, and Operate (TBO), 95
Time-to-market (TTM), 96, 101, 141, 148
TOGAF. See The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF)
Tool administrator (TA), 93
Transformation, 11, 60–67, 77, 128
Transistor, 2, 132,
Transport Control Protocol, 4
Transportation, 53
Universal operating system, 6
Unix, 138
Variety, 33, 34
Velocity, 33, 34
Veracity, 33
Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI), 137
Virtual machines, 50
Virtualization, 50, 137, 140
Virtualized, 29
VLSI. See Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI)
Voice-over-IP (VOIP), 27
Volume, 33, 34
Way of life, 52
Web 2.0, 9, 141
Web browser, 4
Web-based enterprise, 119
Webserver, 42
World Wide Web, 4, 9
Y2K, 3, 21, 50
Y-count, 111