Angela Orebaugh is an information security technologist, scientist, and author with a broad spectrum of expertise in information assurance. She synergizes her 15 years of hands-on experiences within industry, academia, and government to advise clients on information assurance strategy, management, and technologies. Ms. Orebaugh is involved in several security initiatives with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) including technical Special Publications (800 series), the National Vulnerability Database (NVD), Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP), and secure eVoting.

Ms. Orebaugh is an adjunct professor at George Mason University where she performs research and teaching in intrusion detection and forensics. Her research includes peer-reviewed publications in the areas of intrusion detection and prevention, data mining, attacker profiling, user behavior analysis, and network forensics.

Ms. Orebaugh is the author of the Syngress best seller’s Wireshark and Ethereal Network Protocol Analyzer Toolkit and Ethereal Packet Sniffing. She has also co-authored the Snort Cookbook and Intrusion Prevention and Active Response. She is a frequent speaker at a variety of security conferences and technology events, including the SANS Institute and the Institute for Applied Network Security.

Ms. Orebaugh holds a Masters degree in Computer Science and a Bachelors degree in Computer Information Systems from James Madison University. She is currently completing her dissertation for her Ph.D. at George Mason University, with a concentration in Information Security.

Angela would like to thank Andrew Williams and Syngress/Elsevier for providing the opportunity to write this book. It would not have been possible without my security guru co-author, Becky Pinkard. Thank you for your amazing technical expertise, constant dedication, and much needed comic relief. I would also like to thank Tim Boyles for his helpful insights and assistance. I would like to thank Fyodor and the Nmap developers for creating such a full-featured, versatile tool.

I am fortunate to have such loving and supportive family and friends, who bring joy and balance to my life. Thank you for always being there. Most of all, I would like to thank Tammy Wilt. Your love and encouragement gives me strength to follow my dreams and your patience and support allows me to make them a reality. I am eternally grateful.

Becky Pinkard got her start in the information technology industry in 1996, answering phones and configuring dial-up networking for GTE Internetworking. She is currently a senior security manager with a Fortune 20 company where she is lucky enough to work with security technology on a daily basis.

Becky is a SANS Certified Instructor and has taught with the SANS Institute since 2001. She has participated as a GIAC GCIA advisory board member and on the Strategic Advisory Council for the Center for Internet Security. She is a co-author of the Syngress book, Intrusion Prevention and Active Response, Deploying Network and Host IPS. Becky also enjoys speaking at technical conferences, conventions and meetings. Basically anywhere security geeks can get together and have a few laughs while learning something cool! Additionally, Becky has setup enterprise intrusion detection systems, designed patch, vulnerability and firewall strategies, performed network and web security audits, led forensics cases, and developed security awareness training in small and large environments.

Becky would like to thank the following folks for their support, kindness and general, all-around, nice-to-work-withedness in making this book possible.

Syngress Publishing, Elsevier and especially Andrew Williams for his enthusiasm with this project, sense of humor and much-tested patience.

A huge thank you to Eric Ortego for his assistance with Chapter 6 – may our fingerprints never show up on your assets!

Thanks to Dan Cutrer for being, without a doubt, the funniest and nicest lawyer I know. Your insights and assistance were greatly appreciated.

Acknowledgements would not be complete without mentioning Fyodor and all the incredibly talented people who have made Nmap what it is today. Many, many thanks to you all.

A special thank you goes out to Angela Orebaugh - I will always be indebted to you for asking me to share this wild book ride with you. Here’s to the only person I now consider one of my best friends to have never met face-to-face!

Here’s a huge shout out to my Mom, just because I know she will get a kick out of it. I love you so much – thank you for all your help over the past few months.

Last, but without whom nothing else matters – Kim, Ben, Jake, and our beautiful, happy baby, Luke. Some day when you get big enough, I will teach you how to scan stuff.