Clustering analysis is about dividing data samples or data points and putting them into corresponding homogeneous classes or clusters. Thus, a simple definition of clustering can be thought of as the process of organizing objects into groups whose members are similar in some way, as shown in.

This way, a cluster is a collection of objects that have some similarity between them and are dissimilar to the objects belonging to other clusters. If collections of genetic variants are given, clustering algorithms put these objects into a group based on similarity—that is, population groups or super-population groups.