Messaging is a mode of interaction between software components or applications, where clients can send messages to, and receive messages from, any other client.

This message exchange can be done using a component called broker. The broker provides all the necessary support and services to exchange messages along with the capability of interacting with other interfaces. These interfaces are known as Message Oriented Middleware (MOM). The following diagram depicts a MOM-based messaging system:

Messaging systems reduce the complexity of developing distributed applications using the AMQP, STOMP, and XMPP protocols. Let's discuss them in detail:

• AMQP: AMQP is an open, standard layer application protocol for asynchronous messaging systems. In AMQP, messages should be transmitted in binary format.
• STOMP: STOMP stands for Simple Text Oriented Messaging Protocol. STOMP provides a compatible medium that allows systems to communicate with almost all the available message brokers.
• XMPP: XMPP stands for Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol. It is an XML-based, open standard communications protocol for MOM.