Chapter 2
IN THIS CHAPTER
Using the Application interface versus the Project interface
Understanding the purpose of each menu
Discovering the value of context menus
Working with palettes
Using View Sets for different tasks
Previewing your work
Zooming and panning
Moving between layouts
Smart designers and publishers value QuarkXPress for its efficiency. Before each revision of the program, Quark’s design team watches how users perform tasks, and the team comes up with clever ways to reduce the number of mouse clicks required to accomplish those tasks. But still, the first time you launch QuarkXPress, you may think that you’re staring at the cockpit of a commercial jet. Not to worry! The layout is logical, and after you read this chapter, you’ll be pointing and clicking without even thinking about it.
The most important idea to understand is that some interface items relate to only the current layout you’re working on; others relate to QuarkXPress itself; and still others change depending on the active item on your page. For example, if you have multiple layouts open, the layout controls attached to the project window let you view each layout at a different view percentage, with different ruler measurements and (optionally) split windows. In contrast, the free-floating palettes don’t change as you switch among projects and layouts. And amazingly, although the menu bar at the top of your display hosts menu items that can affect anything in QuarkXPress, those menu items change depending on what kind of page item is active.
In this chapter, I take you through an overview of each of the QuarkXPress menus so that you know the purpose of each one. But first I tell you a little about the Application and Project interfaces. Later, you see how to do everything you need to do with palettes, how to navigate your layout by zooming and scrolling, and how to switch around among your various layouts.
The palettes you see at the left, right, and bottom of QuarkXPress (see Figure 2-1) are free floating — you can drag them anywhere that’s convenient for you. In contrast to the palettes, the menus in the menu bar are glued in place: You must always take your mouse up to the menu bar to access them. However, a context-sensitive subset of menu items is also available in the context menu that appears directly under your mouse pointer whenever you Control-click (Mac) or right-click (Windows) anywhere in QuarkXPress.
You also encounter dialog boxes, which appear whenever you choose a menu item that has an ellipsis (…) after its name. For example, when you choose File ⇒ Open…, a dialog box appears that lets you navigate to a file to open, and if you choose File ⇒ Print…, a dialog box appears so that you can set your printing options.
Although the vast majority of interface items don’t change when you switch among projects, a few relate only to the currently active project, as follows:
Pasteboard: The rectangle in the center is your active page, and the gray area around it is called the Pasteboard, on which you can store picture boxes, text boxes, or any other page items until you’re ready to position them on that page. If your layout has multiple pages, the Pasteboard around your currently active page appears lighter than the Pasteboard around the other pages.
Items that are contained completely on the Pasteboard don’t print. However, if any part of a Pasteboard item overlaps onto the page, that part will print (if you don’t explicitly forbid this in the Print or PDF Export dialog box).
The original Macintosh interface (and later, Windows) was designed to accommodate a very small display. (The original Macs had a 9-inch display, and a 13-inch display was state of the art for years after that.) To get the interface out of the way so that you had space to work in, all the commands were tucked into the menu bar at the top of the display. The menu items that people used most were given a keyboard shortcut, and that tradition continues to this day.
In the sections that follow, I briefly explain the purpose of each menu and highlight a few of the menu items it contains. You can explore the other menu items later in the book as they apply to appropriate topics — otherwise, this section would be completely overwhelming!
Application-level information such as your license code is here, along with application-level controls such as Quark Update settings and hiding or quitting the app. On a Mac, the all-powerful Preferences are here, too. (On Windows, Preferences is in the Edit menu.)
File-level controls such as Open, Print, Save, and Close reside in this menu. The File menu is also where you go to create new projects or libraries, import text or graphics, append colors and style sheets from other projects, export text, layouts or pages to other formats, collect linked files for output, and use Job Jackets. (I explain Job Jackets in Chapter 7.)
This very long menu hosts options to cut, copy and paste items, find and change text or page items, define repeatedly used resources such as colors, style sheets, hyperlinks, lists, color management, output styles (collections of output settings), and play with some wonderfully esoteric font controls. On Windows, the all-powerful Preferences controls are here, too. (On a Mac, Preferences is in the QuarkXPress menu.)
Most of the items in this menu are also available in QuarkXPress palettes. (See the section “Mastering palettes,” later in this chapter, for a detailed explanation of palettes.) The Style menu holds font style controls, picture box formats and controls, item styles, cross references, and hyperlinks.
This menu gives you the power to make changes to an entire page item. (Page items include text boxes, picture boxes, lines, paths, and shared items such as Composition Zones.) You can duplicate the active item, delete it, lock it, group or align it with other items, and change its shape or content type. If you have a path selected, you can edit its segments or anchor points. You can convert editable text to picture boxes. This menu also lets you set up sharing and synchronization of items and their content, create nonprinting notes, and scale one or more items and control how their content and attributes are scaled. If you’re building an e-book from a complex layout, this is where you add text for reflowing.
This one’s simple: Use the Page menu for inserting, deleting, or moving pages, for going directly to a page, or for displaying the Master page assigned to the current page. The Page menu is also where you create or edit a section, which is useful for controlling page numbering in a long document. If you’re working on setting up a Master page, this is where you access its margin guides, column guides, and gridlines.
Commands related to managing an entire, multipage layout are here, such as deleting an entire layout, duplicating it, or adding a new layout to the project. The Layout menu is also where you can change layout properties you set initially when you created the project, such as the layout’s name, page size, orientation, and output intent (print or digital). You can share your layout so that others can work on it, and create a new Layout Specification for Job Jackets. (Job Jackets are a collection of requirements and limitations for specific kinds of projects; they ensure that your layouts will output properly. I tell you more about Job Jackets in Chapter 7.) If you’re making an e-book, you can enter its metadata here and add the entire content of a layout to the reflow in the e-book. And last, in case you’re not fond of clicking the Layout tabs to switch to a different layout, you can choose a layout from a list, or switch to the previous, next, first, or last layout in the project.
When you’re working with a table, you find all the ways to change it on this menu. You can select, insert, or delete rows and columns, select gridlines, combine cells, break the table into pieces, and create headers and footers. This menu is also where you convert tabbed text to a true table, convert a table into text boxes, and link text cells so that text flows from one to the other.
The View menu controls all aspects of what you see on your page and how you see it. Use this menu to control the view percentage, and how you see guides and grids, rulers, invisible characters, and item tags. You can turn on highlighting for content variables (text that is automatically created based on its location in the layout, such as running headers or footers) and cross references (as used in books), and edit text in a special Story Editor that’s like a word processor.
Because QuarkXPress lets you extend items off the edge of the page (also known as a bleed), you can view your page as if the bleed were trimmed off. (A bleed is necessary when a page item extends to the edge of a printed page, because a commercial printer will print your page on larger paper and then trim off the excess — just in case the cutter isn’t accurate.) And because QuarkXPress lets you set any item to be suppressed when printing or exporting, you can hide any suppressed items. (A suppressed item appears in the layout but is not included when exporting or printing. Some items are suppressed automatically, such as nonprinting Notes). In a Print layout, the View menu is also where you go to preview how a layout’s colors will print on various devices (color spaces).
And finally (but very important), you use the View menu to save, manage, and choose among View Sets, which are combinations of View settings. Some examples are Authoring view, which helps when you’re working on page content, and Output Preview, which lets you quickly see how the page will look when printed. You learn all about View Sets later in this chapter.
Longtime QuarkXPress users may forget the first time they discovered the spell-checking tools in the Utilities menu and concluded that this menu holds a hodge-podge of commands and tools that don’t fit under the other menus. New users are about to have that same “a-ha!” experience. If you’re a wordsmith, you’ll want to remember that the spell-checking, word count, and content variable controls are here (not in the Edit menu). The Usage utility is also here, which every user needs to manage fonts and linked pictures.
Following are the tools on the Utilities menu:
The Window menu lets you manage how you view the projects that are currently open and which palettes are displayed. You can tile multiple projects to see them all at one time, and split one project window into multiple panes (which is useful for working on one part of a layout while also viewing another part of it). The Window menu is also where you control whether your palettes display all the time or only when you move your mouse to the edge of your display. In addition, you can manually invoke the Welcome screen, which lets you open your recently opened projects, create new projects, and access information resources about QuarkXPress.
You may have heard of “feature bloat,” which happens when an application’s developers keep adding new features until the interface is impossible to navigate. Quark’s solution to this is twofold: First, QuarkXPress often displays only the controls you need for your current task; and second, it uses context menus.
Context menus are huge timesavers when you haven’t yet memorized the shortcut key for a command. Rather than using the mouse to navigate to the menu bar and search for the command, just Control-click (Mac) or right-click (Windows) anything in QuarkXPress. For example, if you right-click a text box, you see the context menu for a text box, as shown in Figure 2-3. If the Item tool is active, you see the menu on the left, which includes only menu items for tasks that you might want to accomplish when the box itself is selected. If the Text tool is active, you see the menu on the right, which includes additional menu items related to formatting or inserting text.
You can even use context menus to help with using palettes. For example, if you are editing text and right-click the name of a style sheet in the Style Sheets palette, the context menu displays options for applying the Style Sheet to the text in various ways, along with options to edit, duplicate, or delete that style sheet, or to create a new style sheet (see Figure 2-4).
In QuarkXPress, you use palettes to create, edit, and apply attributes to everything on your page. (Quark named them palettes because they’re the digital equivalent of the palettes an artist uses to mix and apply colors to a painting.) QuarkXPress has three fundamentally different kinds of palettes:
To display a palette, choose its name from the Window menu. To close a palette, click the close box in the upper-left corner of the palette or deselect the palette name in the Window menu. Some palettes can also be opened and closed by pressing the keyboard shortcut shown next to the palette’s name in the Window menu.
To resize a palette, click and drag any edge or corner. To move a palette, drag its title bar.
Because QuarkXPress has almost 30 different palettes you can open, it also lets you glue them together into palette groups that stay together as you move them. The steps to create a palette group depend on whether you’re using a Mac or Windows:
You can dock a palette or palette group to the left or right edge of your display by dragging it until a blue area appears around it. When you release the mouse, that palette (or palette group) positions itself in the optimum location against that edge. This docking feature also makes palette hiding possible (see the next section).
When it comes to working with palettes, Mac users have an advantage over their Windows-using counterparts. After docking a group of palettes, Mac users can hide the group by choosing Window ⇒ Turn Hiding On and then choosing which docked palettes to hide. When you do that, the palettes disappear beyond the edge of your display. When you move your mouse over that area again, the palettes reappear. If you have a small display, hiding palettes is a great way to keep those palettes handy but out of the way to maximize your project space.
After working on a few projects in QuarkXPress, you may find that you keep some palettes open and others closed while performing certain tasks such as editing text, working with tables, designing a publication, or adding interactivity. By all means, make use of palette sets! This feature lets you store and recall the position and status of all open palettes and libraries so that you can easily switch among different palette arrangements. (To learn about libraries, see Chapter 4.)
To create a palette set, you first display all the palettes that you need for a particular task and hide all other palettes. Then you choose Window ⇒ Palette Sets ⇒ Save Palette Set As and enter a name for your set in the Save As dialog box that appears. If you think that you'll frequently switch to this palette set, you might also want to assign a keyboard shortcut to it (as explained in the next paragraph). To retrieve a palette set, choose Window ⇒ Palette Sets ⇒ name of palette set or press the keyboard shortcut for that palette set.
You may find that some projects use a ridiculous number of style sheets, colors, or hyperlinks. Thankfully, those three palettes have a search feature that helps you find the one you need. To use it, click the Search field at the top of the list of items in the palette and type in part of the name of the item you want. The list will shorten to display only those items that contain the letters you type.
The View menu lets you show and hide many combinations of helpful indicators, such as guides, grids, invisible characters, rulers, and so on. When you discover a combination of View menu settings that works especially well for a particular task, you can save that combination as a view set. To do that, first turn on only the view options that you want to store in that view set. Then choose View ⇒ View Sets ⇒ Save View Set As, and in the resulting dialog box, enter a name and optionally assign a key command.
To switch to a view set, do one of the following things:
To manage your view sets, open the View Sets palette by choosing View ⇒ View Sets ⇒ Manage View Sets. You can then use the Edit, Apply, and Delete buttons at the top of this palette for the selected view set.
QuarkXPress includes three prebuilt view sets that help you get your work done:
QuarkXPress can display many things that don't appear when you print or export your layout (such as invisible characters, Pasteboard items, guides and gridlines, hyperlink and index markers, and items and layers that have Suppress Output enabled). Fortunately, you have an easy way to preview exactly what will appear when you print or export your layout: Output Preview. Choose View ⇒ View Sets ⇒ Output Preview and you see only the items that will print. Output Preview also trims off anything that extends beyond the edge of the page, so you can see exactly how your layout will look after being printed and trimmed. To get back to seeing your guides, Pasteboard items, invisibles and any page items that have Suppress Output enabled, choose View ⇒ View Sets ⇒ Authoring View. (Items that you want to see onscreen but not export or print can be set to Suppress Output by enabling the Suppress Output check box in the Measurements palette.)
The two navigation techniques that you use the most when laying out pages in QuarkXPress are zooming in and out of a page (also known as changing view percentage) and panning around a page. Because these actions are so common, you find tools for them at the bottom of the Tools palette. The Zoom tool looks like a magnifying glass and the Pan tool looks like a hand.
Using the Pan tool is as simple as can be: Hold your mouse button down on the page and drag around. This is handy when you're zoomed in so far that you can't see the entire page.
Just as you do in any window on your computer, if you have more to see than can fit in the window, you can drag the scroll box in the vertical and horizontal scroll bars to see what’s out of sight. You can also click the empty area outside the scroll box to jump one screenful in that direction.
If your keyboard has special keys marked Page Up and Page Down, you can use those keys to quickly scroll through your layout pages:
The Zoom tool works as you might expect: Click on the page to zoom into that area. (It zooms 25 percent at a time, but you can change this amount in the Tools section of the QuarkXPress Preferences.) But the Zoom tool also has a couple of hidden tricks:
Although you can also choose various view percentages from the View menu, or use the Zoom and Pan tools, a faster way to zoom in and out of your page is to use your keyboard and mouse instead. Here's how:
Zoom to a precise view percentage: Press Control/Ctrl+V to highlight the View Percentage area at the bottom-left corner of your document window and then type any view percentage you'd like.
The View Percentage field isn't limited to numbered percentages; you can type T to view your document as Thumbnails!
As with almost everything in QuarkXPress, you have several ways to navigate from page to page as follows:
By splitting a window into two or more panes, you can display multiple views of a project at the same time, which has these benefits:
You have three ways to split a window:
After a window has been split, you can change the width and height of the splits by dragging the bars between the splits.
To remove one pane, click the Close button (X) in the top-right corner of the pane. To remove all split panes from a window, choose Window ⇒ Split Window ⇒ Remove All.
If your project has multiple layouts, you can switch among them in two ways:
On a Mac, the order of the layout tabs isn’t fixed — you can drag them left or right to change their order.