Example 8: Dynamically Determine the Number of
Observations and Variables in a SAS Data Set
Details
This macro uses the functions OPEN and ATTRN to retrieve the total number of
observations and variables contained within a SAS data set.
Program
data test;
input a b c $ d $;
datalines;
1 2 A B
3 4 C D
;
%macro obsnvars(ds);
%global dset nvars nobs;
%let dset=&ds;
%let dsid = %sysfunc(open(&dset));
%if &dsid %then %do;
%let nobs =%sysfunc(attrn(&dsid,nlobs));
%let nvars=%sysfunc(attrn(&dsid,nvars));
%let rc = %sysfunc(close(&dsid));
%end;
%else %put open for data set &dset failed - %sysfunc(sysmsg());
%mend obsnvars;
%obsnvars(test)
%put &dset has &nvars variable(s) and &nobs observation(s).;
Program Description
Create a data set named Test.
data test;
input a b c $ d $;
datalines;
1 2 A B
3 4 C D
;
Begin the macro definition with one parameter.
%macro obsnvars(ds);
462 Appendix 5 • SAS Macro Examples
Create a global macro variable &DSET from the macro parameter &DS by using
%GLOBAL and %LET statements.
%global dset nvars nobs;
%let dset=&ds;
Use the OPEN function to open the data set that is passed to the macro.
%let dsid = %sysfunc(open(&dset));
Use the %IF statement to make sure the data set was open. If it is open, then run three
%LET statements.
• The first %LET statement creates a macro variable named &NOBS. The ATTRN
function is used with the NLOBS argument to retrieve the logical number of
observations in the data set.
• The second %LET statement creates a macro variable named &NVARS. The
ATTRN function is used along with the NVARS argument to retrieve the number of
variables in the data set.
• The third %LET statement uses the CLOSE function to close the data set that is
passed to the macro.
&DSID is the identifier that is returned from the OPEN function.
%if &dsid %then %do;
%let nobs =%sysfunc(attrn(&dsid,nlobs));
%let nvars=%sysfunc(attrn(&dsid,nvars));
%let rc = %sysfunc(close(&dsid));
%end;
If the %IF condition is false, meaning that the data set is not open, then use the %PUT
statement to write a statement to the log.
%else %put open for data set &dset failed - %sysfunc(sysmsg());
Close the macro definition.
%mend obsnvars;
Invoke the macro by passing in the data set name as a parameter.
%obsnvars(test)
Use the %PUT statement to write the information returned from the macro to the log.
%put &dset has &nvars variable(s) and &nobs observation(s).;
Example 8: Dynamically Determine the Number of Observations and Variables in a SAS
Data Set 463
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