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Part III: Networking SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
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Part III: Networking SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
by Sander van Vugt
The Definitive Guide to SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12
Cover
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Contents at a Glance
Contents
About the Author
About the Technical Reviewer
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Part I: Basic Skills
Chapter 1: Introduction and Installation
Understanding SUSE Linux Enterprise
Versions of SUSE
About Supported Linux
Working with SUSE Linux Enterprise 12 Modules
Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12
Performing a Basic Installation
Installing with a Custom Partition Scheme
Summary
Chapter 2: Basic Skills
Exploring SLES Interfaces
Graphical or Not?
GNOME or KDE?
Exploring GNOME
GNOME Configuration Editor
Network Tools
Settings
Working with YaST
YaST vs. Configuration Files
YaST in This Book
YaST Interfaces
YaST Modules
Behind YaST
YaST Logging
YaST Configuration Files
Summary
Part II: Administering SUSE Linux Enteprise Server
Chapter 3: Managing Disk Layout and File Systems
Creating a Storage Volume
The Partition Table: GUID vs. MBR
Partitions or Logical Volumes?
Creating Partitions
Creating Logical Volumes
Creating and Mounting File Systems
Understanding File System Features
Creating and Mounting the File System
Managing File Systems
Checking and Repairing File Systems
XFS Tools
Btrfs Tools and Features
Managing Logical Volumes
Using LVM Snapshots
Resizing Logical Volumes
Creating Swap Space
Summary
Chapter 4: User and Permission Management
Creating and Managing User Accounts
Users on Linux
Creating Users
Managing User Properties
Configuration Files for User Management Defaults
Managing Password Properties
Creating a User Environment
Creating and Managing Group Accounts
Understanding Linux Groups
Creating Groups
Managing Group Properties
Configuring Base Linux Permissions
Understanding File Ownership
Changing File Ownership
Understanding Base Linux Permissions
Applying Base Linux Permissions
Configuring Special Permissions
Working with Access Control Lists
Understanding ACLs
Applying ACLs
File System ACL Support
Working with Attributes
Summary
Chapter 5: Common Administration Tasks
Managing Printers
Managing Printers from YaST
Command-Line Printer Management Tools
Managing Software
Understanding Repositories and Meta Package Handlers
Installing Software from YaST
Installing Software from the Command Line
Managing Jobs and Processes
System and Process Monitoring and Management
Managing Process Niceness
Scheduling Tasks
Configuring Logging
Understanding rsyslog
Reading Log Files
Configuring Remote Logging
Working with journal
Configuring logrotate
Summary
Chapter 6: Hardening SUSE Linux
Using the YaST Security Center and Hardening
Working with sudo
Understanding sudo
Creating sudo Configuration Lines
Working in a sudo Shell
Replaying sudo Sessions
The Linux Audit Framework
Configuring Auditing from YaST
Understanding PAM
PAM Configuration Files
Understanding nsswitch
Securing SLES 12 with SELinux
SELinux Backgrounds
Understanding SELinux Components
The Policy
Installing SELinux on SUSE Linux Enterprise 12 FCS
Configuring SELinux
Managing SELinux
Troubleshooting SELinux
Switching to Enforcing Mode
Summary
Chapter 7: Managing Virtualization on SLES
Understanding Linux Virtualization Solutions
Understanding the KVM Environment
Creating KVM Virtual Machines
Configuring the KVM Host
Creating Virtual Machines
Managing KVM Virtual Machines
Managing KVM Networking
Managing Virtual Machine Properties
Managing Virtual Machines from the Command Line
Summary
Chapter 8: Managing Hardware, the Kernel, and the Boot Procedure
Managing the Linux Kernel
Glibc and System Calls
The Modular Kernel
Managing Hardware
Using lspic, lsusb, and lscpu
Understanding udev
The /dev Directory
Understanding the /sys File System
Managing the Boot Procedure
Understanding the Boot Procedure
Configuring GRUB2
Starting systemd
Applying Essential Troubleshooting Skills
Working with systemd
Understanding systemd
Managing systemd Services
Working with systemd Targets
Summary
Part III: Networking SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
Chapter 9: Configuring Network Access
Manual NIC Configuration
Managing Device Settings
Managing Address Configuration
Managing Routes
Name Resolving
Understanding Wicked
Using YaST for NIC Configuration
Accessing Basic Network Configuration from YaST
Using ethtool Options
Changing Routing and Name Resolution from YaST
Managing Interfaces from YaST
Configuring IPv6
Troubleshooting Networking
Checking the Network Card
Checking DNS
Configuring SSH
Enabling the SSH Server
Using the SSH Client
Using PuTTY on Windows Machines
Configuring Key-Based SSH Authentication
Using Graphical Applications with SSH
Using SSH Port Forwarding
Summary
Chapter 10: Securing Internet Services: Certificates and SUSE Firewall
Setting Up a Firewall
SUSE Firewall or iptables?
Setting Up a Firewall with SUSE Firewall
Understanding SUSE Firewall Core Components
Using YaST to Set Up a Firewall
Allowed Services
Understanding Masquerading
Setting Up Masquerading
Broadcast
Logging Level
Custom Rules
Checking SUSE Firewall Configuration
Working with SSL Certificates
Understanding SSL
Configuring the YaST Certificate Authority
Creating Certificates
Understanding Certificate Exports
Working with Externally Signed Certificates
Summary
Chapter 11: Basic Network Services: xinetd, NTP, DNS, DHCP, and LDAP
xinetd
The xinetd Service
The xinetd.conf File
The xinetd Include Files
NTP
Understanding Linux Time
Setting Time on SLES
Managing NTP from the Command Line
Using ntpq and ntpdc for NTP Server Management
DNS
Setting Up DNS with YaST
Manual DNS Server Management
DHCP
Understanding DHCP
Configuring DHCP with YaST
Manual DHCP Configuration
Monitoring and Testing DHCP Functionality
Configuring the DHCP Relay Service
LDAP
Understanding LDAP
Setting Up an LDAP Server with YaST
Populating the LDAP Database
LDAP Client Configuration
Summary
Chapter 12: Setting Up a LAMP Server
Configuring Apache from YaST
Setting Up a Web Server with Basic Settings
Configuring Virtual Hosts
Apache Modules
Manual Apache Configuration
default-server.conf
httpd.conf
Virtual Host Configuration Files
SSL Configuration Files
Setting Up Authentication
Apache Logs
Configuring the Database Part of the LAMP Server
MariaDB Base Configuration
Performing Simple Database Administration Tasks
Managing Users
MariaDB Backup and Restore
Summary
Chapter 13: File Sharing: NFS, FTP, and Samba
Introducing the File Sharing Protocols
NFS
Setting Up an NFS Server with YaST
Managing the NFS Service
Creating Shares in /etc/exports
Mounting NFS Shares
FTP
Setting Up an FTP Server from YaST
Manually Configuring the vsftpd Server
Using an FTP Client
About sftp
Samba
Configuring Samba with YaST
Understanding Samba Security Settings
Manually Setting Up Samba
Samba Printing
Summary
Part IV: Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration
Chapter 14: Introduction to Bash Shell Scripting
Getting Started: Shell Scripting Fundamentals
Elements of a Good Shell Script
Executing the Script
Working with Variables and Input
Understanding Variables
Variables, Subshells, and Sourcing
Working with Script Arguments
Prompting for Input
Using Command Substitution
Substitution Operators
Changing Variable Content with Pattern Matching
Performing Calculations
Using Control Structures
Using if. . .then. . .else
Case
Using while
Using until
Using for
Summary
Chapter 15: Performance Monitoring and Optimizing
Performance Monitoring
Interpreting What’s Going On: top
CPU Monitoring with top
Memory Monitoring with top
Understanding swap
Process Monitoring with top
Understanding Linux Memory Allocation
Analyzing CPU Performance
Using vmstat
Analyzing Memory Usage
Monitoring Storage Performance
Understanding Network Performance
Optimizing Performance
Using /proc and sysctl
Using a Simple Performance Optimization Test
CPU Tuning
Tuning Memory
Tuning Storage Performance
Network Tuning
Optimizing Linux Performance Using Cgroups
Summary
Chapter 16: Creating a Cluster on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
The Need for High-Availability Clustering
Architecture of the Pacemaker Stack
Before Starting
Hostname Resolution
Configure SSH
Time Synchronization
Configuring Shared Storage
Setting Up an iSCSI Target
Setting Up the Base Components
Networks Without Multicast Support
Understanding crm_mon Output
Using the Cluster Management Tools
CRM Shell
Hawk
Specifying Default Cluster Settings
no-quorum-policy
default-resource-stickiness
stonith-action
Setting Up STONITH
Different Solutions
Setting Up Hypervisor-Based STONITH
Setting Up Shared Disk-Based STONITH
Clustering Resources
Clustering an Apache File Server
Using a Cluster File System
LVM in Cluster Environments
Fine-Tuning the Cluster with Constraints
Managing Resources
Resource Cleanup
Resource Migration
Starting and Stopping Resources
Using Unmanaged State for Maintenance
Use Case: Creating an Open Source SAN with Pacemaker
Configuring RAID 1 over the Network with DRBD
Creating the Configuration
Working with the DRBD Device
Troubleshooting the Disconnect State
Working with Dual Primary Mode
Integrating DRBD in Pacemaker Clusters
Testing
Adding an iSCSI Target to the Open Source SAN
Setting Up the LVM Environment
Setting Up the iSCSI Target in the Cluster
Summary
Chapter 17: Creating a SLES 12 Installation Server
Understanding the Components
Configuring an Online Repository
Creating the PXE Boot Configuration
Using AutoYaST
Summary
Chapter 18: Managing SUSE Linux
Preparing SUSE Manager Installation
Installing SUSE Manager
Creating the Base Configuration
Using the Setup Wizard from the Web Console
Managing Package Synchronization
Registering SUSE Manager Clients
Creating Activation Keys
The Bootstrap Script
Troubleshooting and Unregistering Registered Systems
Working with System Groups
Managing Software Channels in SUSE Manager
Understanding Software Staging
Patching and Updating Systems
Using OSA Dispatcher
Managing Configuration with SUSE Manager
Auto-Installation of Systems
Creating Auto-Installation Profiles
Configuring DHCP and TFTP
Using SUSE Manager Monitoring
SUSE Manager Preparation
Preparing the Registered Servers for Monitoring
Analyzing Monitoring
Using SUSE Manager Proxy
Using Organizations
Summary
Index
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Prev
Previous Chapter
Chapter 8: Managing Hardware, the Kernel, and the Boot Procedure
Next
Next Chapter
Chapter 9: Configuring Network Access
PART III
Networking SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
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