Index
- χ2 distribution
- χ2 test
- Accuracy
- 1998 FGDC standards
- definition of
- examples of
- local
- network
- Adjoint
- ADJUST
- blunder detection
- coordinate transformation files
- differential leveling files
- estimating errors in traverses
- GNSS baseline files
- horizontal network files
- overview
- three-dimensional geodetic networks
- triangulation files
- trilateration files
- Adjustment
- constrained
- minimally constrained
- Adjustment of control coordinates
- Affine coordinate transformation
- general least squares method
- Alternative hypothesis
- Angle
- error in astronomical observation
- error in directional method
- error in instrument centering
- error in leveling
- error in observation
- error in pointing
- error in reading
- error in repetition method
- error in target centering
- error using range poles
- error using total station
- intersection adjustment
- ISO 17123-3 standard
- observation equation
- reading errors
- resection adjustment
- weight in
- Apogee
- ASPRS Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data
- Astronomical observation
- Azimuth
- Azimuth observation equation
- Baarda, Willem
- Back solution
- Baseline
- adjustment of
- analysis of
- analysis of repeat
- loop closure errors
- Bessel's correction
- Bimodal distribution
- Bivariate distribution
- Blunder
- a priori methods
- definition of
- detection of
- example of
- graphical methods
- signs of residuals
- Carrier phase-shift observations
- Chi-squared distribution
- Chi-squared test
- Cholesky decomposition
- Class
- frequency
- interval
- relative frequency
- width
- Class width
- definition of
- example of
- Cofactor
- Cofactor matrix
- of adjusted observations
- of adjusted unknowns
- definition of
- examples
- of residuals
- Collimation error
- Compound event
- Conditional equation
- Confidence interval
- definition of
- mean
- population variance
- ratio of two population variances
- sample
- using STATS
- Conformal coordinate transformation
- general least squares method
- three-dimensional
- two-dimensional
- Constrained adjustment
- definition of
- elimination of constraints method
- Helmert's method
- least squares
- minimally
- by over-weighting
- redundancies
- Constraint equation
- control station coordinate adjustment
- elimination of
- Helmert's method
- Constraints, geometric
- Control coordinates
- adjustment of
- estimating uncertainties in
- Control, minimum amount of
- Conventional Terrestrial Pole (CTP)
- Coordinate system
- earth-centered, earth-fixed
- geocentric
- geodetic
- local geodetic
- satellite
- Coordinate transformation
- affine using general least squares method
- conformal using general least squares method
- eight parameter
- four parameter similarity
- projective using general least squares method
- seven-parameter similarity
- six parameter
- three-dimensional conformal
- three-dimensional using general least squares method
- two-dimensional affine
- two-dimensional conformal
- two-dimensional projective
- Covariance
- Covariance matrix
- of adjusted observations
- of adjusted unknowns
- definition of
- development of
- example of
- in traverse course
- Data
- classes in
- graphical representation of
- population
- range of
- sample
- Data snooping
- Datum
- Deflection of vertical
- Degrees of freedom
- Density function
- Detectable blunder
- Determinant
- Differencing
- double
- single
- triple
- Differential leveling
- adjustment of
- collimation error in
- leveling errors in
- observation equation
- random errors in
- reading error in
- rod plumbing error in
- systematic errors in
- in three-dimensional adjustment
- weights in
- Discrepancy
- Dispersion
- Distance observation equation
- definition of
- linearized
- Distribution
- F
- normal
- sampling
- t
- X2
- Double differencing
- Earth curvature and refraction error
- EDM calibration
- Eight parameter transformation. See Projective coordinate transformation
- Elimination of constraints
- Ellipse
- analysis of
- computation of
- Equation
- normal
- observation (See also Observation equation)
- residual
- Error
- in angular misclosure of traverse
- in azimuth observations
- in azimuths of traverses
- collimation
- definition of
- earth curvature and refraction
- in electronic distance measurement
- ellipse
- GNSS
- gross
- instrumental
- in leveling
- in linear misclosure of traverse
- natural
- personal
- radial
- random
- sources in angles
- sources in electronic distance measurement
- standard
- systematic
- in traverse course
- in trigonometric leveling
- in zenith angles
- Error ellipse
- advantages of
- confidence level of
- in network design
- overview
- Error propagation
- in angles
- definition of
- in distances
- equation
- in leveling
- in traverse surveys
- Estimator
- EXCEL®
- accompanying files
- errors in traverse computations
- estimating error in observations
- spreadsheet use
- External reliability
- F distribution
- FGDC standards
- Fisher distribution
- Fit of points to a line
- Fit of points to a parabola
- Forward solution
- Four-parameter similarity transformation. See Conformal coordinate transformation
- Free network adjustment
- Frequency histogram
- Functional model
- General law of propagation of variances (GLOPOV)
- General least squares method
- affine coordinate transformation
- conformal coordinate transformation
- projective coordinate transformation
- solution
- for straight line
- three-dimensional coordinate transformation
- Geocentric coordinate system
- Geodetic height
- Geodetic network, three-dimensional adjustment of
- Geoid separation
- Geometric constraints
- Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
- baselines
- observations
- overview
- preanalysis of observations
- GLOPOV
- GNSS. See Global navigation satellite system (GNSS)
- Goodness of fit test
- GPS
- Height
- geodetic
- geoid
- orthometric
- Helmert transformation
- Helmert's method
- Histogram
- bimodal
- definition of
- example of
- skewed
- using STATS
- Hour angle
- Greenwich
- local
- Hypothesis testing
- alternative hypothesis
- false negative
- false positive
- level of significance of
- null hypothesis
- for the population mean
- power of test
- ratio of two variances
- rejection criterion
- test decision
- test statistic
- type I error
- type II error
- using STATS
- for variance
- Indirect measurement
- Internal reliability
- Iteration, termination of
- Jacobian matrix
- Keplarian parameters
- argument of perigee
- eccentricity
- Greenwich hour angle of the vernal point
- inclination angle
- right ascension of the ascending node
- semimajor axis
- Lambert Conformal Conic
- as map projection system
- mathematics of
- reduction of distances
- reduction of geodetic azimuths
- reduction of observations
- stereographic
- Transverse Mercator
- Law of cosines
- Least squares
- adjustment of angles
- adjustment of distances
- adjustment of horizontal networks
- adjustment of intersections
- adjustment of resections
- advantages of
- affine coordinate transformation
- analysis of
- angle intersection
- conditional adjustment
- conditional adjustment model of
- conformal coordinate transformation
- constrained
- differential leveling adjustment
- fit of points to a line
- fit of points to a parabola
- fundamental principle
- generalized method
- minimally constrained
- parametric adjustment model of
- projective coordinate transformation
- simulated adjustment
- stochastic model in
- three-dimensional coordinate transformation
- three-dimensional geodetic network
- Line of apsides
- Link traverse misclosure error
- Local accuracy
- Localization
- Map projection coordinate systems
- coordinate transformation and
- horizontal surveys and
- Lambert Conformal Conic
- oblique stereographic
- overview
- reduction of distances
- reduction of geodetic azimuths
- reduction of observations
- stereographic
- Transverse Mercator
- Mapping standards
- MATHCAD®
- files in
- map projections in
- statistical functions in
- Matrix
- addition
- Cholesky decomposition of
- cofactor
- column
- covariance
- definition of
- determinant of
- diagonal
- dimensions of
- elementary row transformations
- equality
- equivalent weight
- inverse of
- Jacobian
- multiplication
- partitioning of
- row
- scalar multiplication of
- size of
- solution of equations
- square
- symmetric
- transpose of
- types of
- unit
- vector
- weight
- Matrix algebra
- Matrix operations, computer algorithms of
- MATRIX software
- differential leveling
- horizontal network
- triangulation
- trilateration
- using
- Mean
- arithmetic
- confidence interval
- example of
- population
- sample
- standard deviation of
- weighted
- Measure of central tendency
- definition of
- mean
- median
- mode
- Measurements, direct and indirect
- Median
- definition of
- example of
- Minimally constrained adjustment
- Misclosure in traverse
- Mistakes
- Mode
- definition of
- example of
- Model
- functional
- mathematical
- stochastic
- Most probable value
- NAVSTAR GPS
- Network
- adjustment of
- definition of
- design of
- GNSS baseline
- leveling
- Noncentrality parameter
- Nonlinear equations
- angle
- azimuth
- distance
- linearized
- solution of
- Normal
- distribution
- distribution curve
- distribution function
- radius of
- Normal equation
- definition of
- direct formation
- systematic formulation of
- tabulation formation
- Normal matrix
- definition of
- direct formation of
- Null hypothesis
- definition of
- failure to reject
- Observation
- analysis of
- measurements and
- nonspur
- population
- propagation
- redundant
- sample
- spur
- Observation equation
- altitude angle
- angles
- azimuth
- baseline vector
- control station coordinates
- definition of
- differential leveling
- distance
- horizontal angle
- horizontal distance
- horizontal network
- overview
- projective coordinate transformation
- slant distance
- three-dimensional conformal coordinate transformation
- two-dimensional affine coordinate transformation
- two-dimensional conformal coordinate transformation
- two-dimensional coordinate transformation
- two-dimensional projective coordinate transformation
- vertical plane
- Orthometric height
- PDOP (Positional dilution of precision)
- Perigee
- Pope, Alan J.
- Population
- Population variance
- Positional dilution of precision (PDOP)
- Precision
- Probability
- computation of
- curve
- standard error
- theory of
- Probability curve
- Probability density function
- Probable error
- 50%
- 95%
- other values
- uses of
- Projective coordinate transformation
- general least squares method
- Propagation of variance
- general law
- special law
- Prototype equation
- angles
- azimuths
- baseline vector
- for differential leveling
- for distances
- horizontal angles
- horizontal network
- slant distances
- Pseudorandom noise codes
- Pseudoranging
- Radial error
- Random error
- in angles
- definition of
- in electronic distance measurements
- in leveling
- properties of
- Range
- definition of
- example of
- in GNSS
- Redundancy number
- definition of
- effects in blunder detection
- relative
- Redundant observations
- Reference frames
- Reference variance
- Rejection criterion
- Relative positioning
- Relative redundancy
- Reliability
- external
- internal
- Reordering algorithms
- Resection, adjustment of
- Residuals
- analysis of
- cofactor matrix of
- computation of
- definition of
- equation
- equivalent
- properties of
- signs of
- standardized
- use of plots
- Root mean square error (RMSE)
- Sample
- definition of
- selecting size of
- Sample variance
- Sampling distribution
- Satellite system
- GNSS
- GPS
- TRANSIT
- Seven-parameter similarity transformation. See Three-dimensional conformal coordinate transformation
- Single differencing
- Site calibration. See Localization
- Six parameters transformation. See Affine coordinate transformation
- Slant distance
- Sparseness in matrix
- Special law of propagation of variance (SLOPOV)
- Spreadsheets, use of
- Standard deviation
- definition of
- example of
- of the mean
- modified for weighted observations
- reference
- in series
- in sum
- of unit weight
- of weighted mean
- Standard error
- definition of
- Standard error (continued)
- probability of
- relation to weight
- of weight w
- Standard error ellipse
- Standard error rectangle
- Standardized residual
- Statistic, definition of
- Statistical test
- F
- goodness-of-fit
- one-tailed
- for population mean
- for population variance
- for ratio of two variances
- t
- two-tailed
- χ2
- STATS
- confidence intervals
- histogram data
- hypothesis testing
- Stochastic model
- Storage optimization
- Survey planning and design
- Systematic error
- in azimuths
- definition of
- examples of
- in leveling
- in vertical angles
- t distribution
- Table
- confidence intervals
- F distribution
- standard normal distribution
- t distribution
- χ2
- Tabular method
- Tau criterion
- Taylor's theorem
- nonlinear equations and
- use of
- Test decision
- Test statistics
- Three-dimensional conformal coordinate transformation
- general least squares method
- Three-dimensional geodetic network adjustment
- Transformation between reference frames
- TRANSIT
- Traverse
- error in angular misclosure
- error in latitude and departure
- error in linear misclosure
- estimating errors using EXCEL®
- misclosure in
- Triangulation adjustment
- Trigonometric leveling, error in
- Trilateration adjustment
- Triple differencing
- True value, definition of
- Two-dimensional
- affine coordinate transformation
- conformal coordinate transformation
- projective coordinate transformation
- Type I error
- Type II error
- Valid parameters
- Variance
- alternative formula for
- definition of
- example of
- population
- reference
- sample
- of unit weight
- Vertical, deflection of
- Weight
- in angles
- definition of
- in differential leveling
- relation to correction
- relation to standard error
- relation to variance
- Weight matrix, equivalent
- Weighted mean
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