Japan, labor relations in, 475
Jim Crow laws, 87
Job aids, 248
Job analysis
explanation of, 57, 302
legal environment and, 63
organizational flexibility and, 63
responsibility for, 57
steps in, 59
task inventory analysis and, 59
techniques of, 59–63
Job applications
appropriate questions for, 106–108
forms, 165
medical testing for, 14–15
Job banding, 309
Job-based compensation tools
evaluation of, 308–309
explanation of, 300–302
guidelines for applying, 309–310
job evaluation as, 302
market surveys as, 306
within-pay-range positioning criteria as, 308
Job characteristics theory of motivation, 54–55
Job descriptions
duties and responsibilities, 66
elements of, 66–67
examples of, 65
explanation of, 63, 302
general, 65–66
identification information, 66
job summary, 66
method to write, 81
minimum qualifications, 67
specific, 63
specifications, 66–67
Job design
changes in, 192
explanation of, 55
job enlargement and job rotation and, 56
job enrichment and, 56–57
team based, 57
work simplification and, 55–56
Job dissatisfaction, 329
Job enlargement, 56
Job enrichment, 56–57
Job evaluation, 302
Job hierarchy, 305
Job incumbent, 57
Job insecurity, 20
Job interviews
guidelines for, 168, 169
questions appropriate for, 106–108, 167–168
as selection tool, 167–169
types of, 167–169
Job performance. See Performance, job
Job-posting systems, 271–272
Job relatedness defense, 89
Job rotation
advantages and disadvantages of, 277
explanation of, 56, 244, 249
purpose of, 276
Jobs
focus on work vs., 67
by grade levels, 305–306
information gathering about, 58
Job sharing, 68–69, 140
Job specifications, 57, 66–67, 302–303
Job training. See Employee training
Joint ventures, , 536
Junior employees,
Junior stock, 348
Just cause standard of discipline, 448–449