Anatomy of a JMP Session
JMP consists of platforms that are organized by the type of statistical analysis. For example, the Distribution platform produces a univariate analysis using histograms, additional graphs, and reports. You might analyze data in the Distribution platform and then choose another platform to examine the data more thoroughly. As a result, several windows are open at once: at a minimum, the data table, platform launch windows, and the results of the analyses.
Figure 2.2 shows a typical JMP session. Note that the windows are not maximized so that you can quickly switch from one window to another.
Figure 2.2 Anatomy of a Typical JMP Session on Windows
Anatomy of a Typical JMP Session on Windows
The following sections describe the windows that you typically work with.
Data Tables
In JMP, data points are organized into rows and columns referred to as the data table. A data table has two parts: the data table panels on the left and the data grid on the right.
You can enter, view, edit, and manipulate data using data tables. In a data table, each variable is a column, and each observation is a row.
Figure 2.3 Data Table Features
Data Table Features
The data table has the following characteristics:
• Column names can contain any keyboard character, including spaces, and can be up to 255 characters long.
• The maximum length of the data table’s name depends on your computer’s operating system.
• Consider setting the Autosave Timeout value in the General preferences to automatically save data tables at the specified number of minutes. This autosave value also applies to journals, scripts, projects, and reports.
• Change the default size and font for names and values selecting File > Preferences > Fonts. (On the Macintosh, select JMP > Preferences > Fonts.)
• Column names automatically wrap in the column name area to accommodate the column width that you specify.
• Move column boundaries and enlarge the column to view long values. Adjust widths of all selected columns at once by pressing the Alt key as you drag the double arrow cursor on any of the selected column boundaries.
• The number of rows and columns in a data table is limited only by your computer’s memory.
• Resize rows by dragging one of the row borders. All rows are resized to the same height. Graphics that display inside each cell shrink based on the row height.
To resize columns to the same width, select the columns and press Control (Windows) or Option (Macintosh); drag one of the column borders. All columns are resized to the same width.
Data Table Panels
Data tables contain three panels:
• Table panel
• Columns panel
• Rows panel
These panels are located on the left of the data grid. They contain information about the table and its contents. Each panel has interactive areas. See Figure 2.4.
Figure 2.4 Interacting with the Data Table Panels
Interacting with the Data Table Panels
Table Panel
The Table panel contains the following elements:
• Name of the data table
• Icons indicating the table state
• Red triangle menus containing table and script options
• (Optional) Table variables
• (Optional) Table scripts
Figure 2.5 Example of a Table Panel
Example of a Table Panel
Table Options
Clicking on the red triangle menu next to the data table name shows these options:
Tables
Contains the same options as the Tables menu. See “Reshape Data” chapter.
New Table Variable
Creates a new table variable, which can be text or any other constant character value that you always want to be available in the data table. Table variables are normally used to document tables. See “Use Table Variables” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter for more information.
Note: To rename a table variable, double-click on it and enter a new name in the Name field.
New Script
Creates a JSL script to save with the data table. After selecting this command, name the script and type in the value (the JSL commands). After you click OK, the new script is listed in the Table panel and you can click its red triangle menu to run, edit, or delete it. See “Create and Save Scripts” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Suppress Formula Eval
Turns off the feature that automatically evaluates formulas. You can turn off evaluation and build sections of a formula, and then turn evaluation on to test the formula.
Lock Data Table
Locks the data table so that data and column properties cannot be edited or added. You can still run analyses, assign characteristics, add rows and columns, and so on. See “Lock Tables” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Compress file when saved
Compresses the data table when it is saved. After the data table is saved, a compressed file icon Image shown here appears next to the data table name in the table panel. See “Compress Tables” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
The Compress file when saved option only decreases the file size. This command does not affect the memory required to analyze the data. To reduce both the file size and memory required for analyzing, use Cols > Utilities > Compress Selected Columns. See “Compress Selected Columns” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Tip: You can also configure JMP to always use GZ compression when saving tables by selecting Preferences > General > Save Data Table Columns GZ Compressed.
Disable Undo
Removes all actions from the undo history and does not record future actions. Undos are disabled only while the data table is open; the setting is not saved with the data table. This option saves memory, especially when you delete many rows or perform other tasks on the data table that require a large amount of memory to record the data.
Copy Table Script
Copies the script that re-creates the table. To re-create the table, put the copied script in a new script and run it. Note that referenced columns in virtually joined tables are not included in the script.
Rerun Formulas
Re-evaluates all columns containing formulas within the data table.
Script Options
To run a script from the data table panel, click the green triangle Image shown here next to the script name. Right-clicking the script name or green triangle shows these options:
Run Script
Runs the script.
Tip: Run multiple table scripts at once by holding down the Control key, while selecting the table scripts you want to run. Then, right-click inside the empty area under the list of table scripts, and select Run Script.
Debug Script
Opens the script in the JSL Debugger.
Edit
Opens most scripts in the script editor so that you can edit it. Opens a JMP application script in Application Builder.
Delete
Deletes the script.
Copy
Copies the script. You can then paste it into the Table panel of another data table.
Paste
Pastes the script from another data table.
Additional Options
In the Table panel, you can also perform the following tasks:
• Double-click a table variable or script name to edit the name and content.
• Drag a table variable or script to rearrange it.
Columns Panel
The Columns panel contains the following information:
• Column options (same options as the Cols menu)
• Total number of columns and number of columns selected in the data table
• A list of columns found in the data table
• Icons indicating each column’s modeling type (see “About Modeling Types” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter)
• Icons representing characteristics and properties assigned to the columns (not shown, see Figure 2.7)
Figure 2.6 Example of a Columns Panel
Example of a Columns Panel
Icons Representing Column Characteristics and Properties
Icons to the right of each column name indicate characteristics and properties the columns contain.
Figure 2.7 Icons Indicating Column Characteristics and Properties
Icons Indicating Column Characteristics and Properties
Note: Italics indicate that the column is locked into place. When you scroll horizontally, the column remains visible.
Icons that can appear in the Columns panel are described as follows:
Image shown here Indicates that points on plots corresponding to the column are labeled by the value instead of the row number. See “Label Rows and Columns” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Image shown here Indicates that the column is excluded from the calculations. See “Exclude Rows” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Image shown here Indicates that the column is not included in graphs. See “Hide Rows” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Image shown here Can be X or Y. Indicates that the column has been assigned the preselected role of x or y. See “Assign a Preselected Analysis Role” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter.
Image shown here Indicates that the column contains one or more properties. Click to reveal a list of properties the column contains.
Image shown here Indicates that the values in the column result from a formula. When formula evaluation is suppressed, the icon appears gray. Double-click to view and edit the formula. See “Use Formula Editor Options” in the “Formula Editor” chapter.
Image shown here Indicates that the range check or the list check option is turned on. Click to view and edit the range or list. See “Range Check” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter and “List Check” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter.
Image shown here Indicates that the column has been assigned the preselected role of weight. See “Assign a Preselected Analysis Role” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter.
Image shown here Indicates that the column has been assigned the preselected role of frequency. See “Assign a Preselected Analysis Role” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter.
Image shown here Indicates that the column values cannot be edited. See “About the Column Info Window” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter.
Rows Panel
The Rows panel contains the following information:
• Row options (same options as the Rows menu)
• Total number of rows
• Number of selected (highlighted), excluded, hidden, and labeled rows
Figure 2.8 Example of a Rows Panel
Example of a Rows Panel
Right-click the categories in the Rows panel to select rows, clear the selection, or to create a data view.
A data view creates a linked subset of the main data table. For example, if several rows are marked hidden, you might want to open a window that shows you only the hidden rows. Right-click Hidden in the Rows panel and select Data View.
Figure 2.9 Creating a Data View from the Rows Panel
Creating a Data View from the Rows Panel
When using a data view, continue to do most of your editing in the main data table. When you make changes in either the main data table or in the data view, the changes are reflected in both. You can make minor changes (such as changing some data or adding a column) in the data view. However, if you want to make major changes (like adding a formula) you must make those changes in the main data table.
Data Grid
The data grid is the main part of the data table that contains your data. Figure 2.10 illustrates how to interact with the data grid. See also “Select Rows” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Figure 2.10 Interacting with the Data Grid
Interacting with the Data Grid
 
No.
Description
1
Hides or shows the data table panels.
2
Click to deselect any selected columns. To select all columns, hold down the Shift key and click.
3
Shows the columns menu.
4
Click to select the column.
Double-click to view the Column Info window. See “About the Column Info Window”.
Right-click for column options. See “Context Menu for Columns”.
5
Double-click the column name to edit it in the Column Info window, or select the column name and press Enter.
6
Click and drag to adjust the width of the column. To simultaneously adjust the widths of all of the selected columns, hold down the Alt key as you click and drag.
7
Click to select the row.
Double-click to open the Row Editor. See “Use the Row Editor to Edit Cells in a Row” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Right-click for row options. See “Context Menu for Rows”.
8
Shows the rows menu.
9
Click to deselect all selected rows. To select all rows, hold down the Shift key and click.
Context Menu for Columns
Right-clicking in a column heading shows these options:
Column Info
Opens the Column Info window. See “About the Column Info Window”.
Column Properties
Contains a list of column properties. Select one to open the Column Info window and apply it to the column. This list is also available from the Column Info window. See “Column Properties” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter.
Formula
Opens the Formula Editor. See the “Formula Editor” chapter.
New Formula Column
Insert Columns
Inserts one or more columns before the selected column or columns.
Delete Columns
Deletes all selected columns.
Label/Unlabel
Labels or unlabels selected columns in all plots. See “Label Rows and Columns” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Link ID
Used in virtually joined data tables to mark a column in the auxiliary data table as the ID column. That is, the rows of the data table are uniquely identified by the values of the ID column. The Link ID column property checkbox is selected if the column is the ID column for the data table. See “Virtual Join Properties” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter for details.
Link Reference
Used in virtually joined data tables to map a column in the main data table to the ID column in the auxiliary data table. The Link Reference column property specifies the path name of the auxiliary data table. See “Virtual Join Properties” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter for details.
Sort
Sorts all of the rows in the table by the values in the selected column. You can choose to sort the rows in ascending or descending order. See “Sort Data Tables” in the “Reshape Data” chapter.
Copy Column Properties
Copies all of the column properties for the selected column. Note that if you copy column properties for more than one column and then paste into a single column, all column properties are pasted into that single column.
Paste Column Properties
Pastes all of the copied column properties into the selected column or columns.
Copy Multi Columns Properties
Copies all of the column properties for the selected columns. Supports adjacent and non-adjacent columns.
Paste Multi Columns Properties
Pastes all of the copied column properties into the selected adjacent or non-adjacent columns. For example, select column one and column two and then select Copy Multi Column Properties. Select column three and column five and then select Paste Multi Column Properties. Column one properties are pasted into column three. Column two properties are pasted into column five.
Context Menu for Rows
Right-clicking in a row heading shows these options:
Hide and Exclude
Hides the selected rows in all plots and graphs and excludes them from analyses. See “Hide and Exclude Rows” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Exclude/Unexclude
Excludes or includes selected rows from analyses. See “Exclude Rows” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Hide/Unhide
Hides or shows selected rows in all plots and graphs. See “Hide Rows” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Label/Unlabel
Labels or unlabels selected rows in all plots. See “Label Rows and Columns” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Colors
Provides a color palette. Select a color to apply it to the selected rows. The color is used in plots and graphs. See “Assign a Color to Rows” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Markers
Provides a palette of markers or symbols. Select a marker to apply it to the selected rows. The marker is used in plots and graphs instead of points. See “Add Markers to Rows” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Color Rows by Row State
Colors the row the same as the current row state color. For more details, see “Assign Colors or Markers to Rows Based on Column Values” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Select Matching Cells
Selects rows in the active data table with values that match the selected row(s). See “Select Cells” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter
Invert Selection
Selects all previously deselected rows, and deselects all currently selected rows.
Clear Row States
Clears all active row states in the data table. All rows become included, visible, unlabeled, and show in plots as black dots. It does not affect row states saved in row state columns. See “Delete Row Characteristics” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Add Rows
Adds the specified number of rows to the data table. See “Add Rows” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Delete Rows
Removes all selected rows from the data table. Use the Undo command on the Edit menu to undo an accidental deletion. See “Delete Rows and Columns” in the “Enter and Edit Data” chapter.
Cursor Forms
The cursor takes different forms, depending on its location in the data grid.
Arrow Cursor Image shown here
The standard arrow cursor appears in the following locations:
‒ In the panels area to the left of the data table
‒ In the triangular rows and columns area, located in the upper left corner of the data grid
‒ In the middle or bottom of a column heading
You can perform the following actions with the arrow cursor:
‒ To select a column using the arrow cursor, click its name in the Columns panel.
‒ Double-click a column name in the Columns panel to edit it. Or, in the column heading, double-click on the column name to edit it.
‒ Click the triangular areas in the upper left corner of the data grid to deselect rows and columns.
Selection (Large Plus) Cursor Image shown here
When the cursor is at the top of a column heading, or in a row number area, it becomes a large plus, indicating that you can select rows or columns. When you click, that row or column is selected and highlighted. Click and drag to select multiple rows or columns, and hold down the Control key and click to select discontiguous rows or columns.
‒ Double-click a column heading area to see the Column Info window for that column.
‒ Select a column to change the column name. The column highlights. Begin typing (if it is not in a locked column or locked data table).
‒ Double-click the row number area to edit the rows using the Row Editor.
I-beam Cursor Image shown here
When you select editable text, the cursor becomes a standard I-beam. To edit text, position the I‑beam within highlighted text. Click to mark an insertion point, or drag to select text for replacement.
Double Arrow Cursor Image shown here
The cursor changes to a double arrow when it is on a column or a panel boundary. Drag this cursor left or right to change the width of a column or panel. Changing the width of a column does not affect the column field width specified in the Column Info window (accessed by double-clicking a column name).
Tip: You can adjust widths of all selected columns at once by pressing the Alt key as you drag the double arrow cursor on any of the selected column boundaries.
List Check Cursor Image shown here
The cursor changes form when you move the mouse over values in columns that have data validation in effect. It becomes a small, downward-pointing arrow on a column with list checking. When you click, the value is highlighted and the cursor becomes the I-beam. Enter or edit data as usual with any values defined as valid text or valid numbers. See “List Check” in the “The Column Info Window” chapter, for details.
Pointer Cursor Image shown here
The cursor changes to a pointer over these objects:
‒ Red triangle menus for options
‒ Triangular disclosure buttons Image shown here that open or close panels
‒ Data table titles for editing
‒ Table script titles for opening
‒ Modeling type icons for changing
Open Data File Options
Note: For more details about opening files, see the “Import Your Data” chapter.
To open a data file, select File > Open and select the file type. Some file types have additional features and options that appear in the Open Data File window. See Table 2.1.
Tips: 
• Windows only: To open the same file type every time, select the Select this filter the next time this window is invoked check box.
• Open a file by dragging it onto the JMP Home Window.
• To change which directory the File > Open command looks in, see “File Locations” in the “JMP Preferences” chapter.
 
Table 2.1 File > Open Options by File Type 
File Type
Additional Features and Options
JMP Data Tables
Table notes, the number of columns (Cols), and the number of rows appear.
Use the Select Columns option to select which columns are imported into the data table. On Windows, click the arrow next to Open and then use the Select Columns option to specify which columns are imported into the data table. On Macintosh, you can select which columns to import after you click Open.
Excel Files
• Import the file in the Excel Import Wizard by default to customize the layout and preview the data before you import it.
• Click the arrow next to Open and then select one of the options. Convert the first spreadsheet row into column headings.
Text Files
• To automatically determine data arrangement, select one of the following options:
‒ Open as data using preferences
‒ Open as data using a best guess
‒ Open as plain text into a script window
• To manually specify data arrangement, select the Data with preview option. See “Text Import Wizard Options” in the “Import Your Data” chapter.
SAS Data Sets
• Use SAS variables for column names
• (Windows only) Enter a password when you open a password-protected data set.
• (SAS Transport files only) Select columns before opening
SPSS Data Files
Use SPSS variable or label names for column names.
All Files
• To automatically determine data arrangement, select one of the following options:
‒ Open as data using preferences
‒ Open as data using a best guess
‒ Open as plain text into a script window
• To manually specify data arrangement, select the Data with preview option.
• (Windows only) To open text files using your computer’s default text editor, select Use default program to open.
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