Index

Page numbers for images are shown in italic type.

Actors 6–7, 44–6, 414–17, 442, 448

Adjust Volume node 158–60

advice, dialogue for 201–4

algorithmic forms 132, 396–403

aligned transitions 190–2

always play 308

ambience and environment 23–56; area loops 26–31; embedding sounds 44–6; occlusion issues 46–51; player-oriented one-shots 41–4; reverb 51–3; sound cues 35–7; source loops 31–5; source one-shots 37–41; sourcing and masking one-shots 44; trigger sounds 53–6; types of sound 25–6

ambient/incidental/chatter/grunts dialogue 198

Ambient Sound actors 6, 7, 10, 133

Ambient Zones 250–6

Animation Editor (Persona Editor) 280

animations 279–89

Anim Notifies 280–1

apply effects 308

area loops 26–31, 33–4

arrangements 131, 156, 190, 302

arrays 176–7, 212–15, 222, 387, 407, 417–20

assets: browsing for 7–9; checking 121; importing 16–20; preparing for import 11–16

asynchronous loops 66–7, 398–9

attenuation 27–31, 240–3

Attenuation node 245, 430

attraction 327

audio: components 160–1, 427–30; files compression 64–5, levels 453–6

audio, role and function of 301–33; background 301–2, 309; concepting 332–3; feedback 323–5; I.N.F.O.R.M. Model 310; instruction 310–20; mechanic 327–30; mixing 302–9; notification 320–3; orientation 326–7; rhythm-action 327; testing 331–2

Audio Finished 436–7

audio physics 266–78; collisions 269–78; Doppler 267–9; speed of sound 266–7

Audio Volumes 52, 227–33

auto-attenuation 316–17

automation, mix for parallel layers 166–71

auto-saves 3–4, 451

backing up 3

Bajakian, Clint 130

bit depth 12

Blueprints 10–11, 42, 44–6, 133, 439–49, 449

bookmarks 5

Boolean variable 108, 209–10

Box 29

Branch 106–10, 206, 209, 210, 215, 216, 276, 286, 365, 395, 426

branching dialogue 217–21

branching forms 132

breaths 198

bullets 352–6

buses 305

call and response 406–8

cameras: and cutscenes 289–92; and listeners 292–9; vehicle 372

Capsule 29

cascading physics system 276–8

casings 354

casting 445–6

cellular automata 403

chain of events, concatenation for 76–8

character dialogue 197

character state 321

choices, dialogue 208–12, 221–3

chords 391–2

clicks and pops 198

clunky transitions 173–8

clusters of activity 70

cocktail party effect 301

collisions 269–78

color commentary 378–80

combinations, generative 397–9

commenting 378–85, 452

compiling Blueprints 441–2

compression/limiting 302

Compression/Ogg Size 121

Compression Quality 64–6

concatenate node 74, 79, 381–4

concatenation 71–9, 380–5

Concatenator 70, 74–5, 133–4, 138, 380

concepts 332–3

cone 30

confirmation sound 324

console commands 433–5

Content Browser 5, 7–9, 17

Continuous Modulator node 118–19, 162–3

controller input 53–5, 336–8, 410

counts to dialogue choices 210–11

creep/walk/run 285–6

crossfades 112–16, 175–7, 361–3

crossfade by param node 112–16, 431

crowds, sports dialogue and 375–89; commentary 378–85; dialogue queues 385–8; systems 375–8

culling 316–17

curves 422–4; pitch 364–5; user-defined 116–20; velocity reading through 273; to volume 164–6

Custom Event 153, 191, 438

cutscenes and cameras 289–92

damage layers 370

debug tools 122, 433, 449

decay tails 136–7, 182–3

deconstructing sounds 85–8

decoy 328–30

de-essing 198

delay node 38–40

demo projects, setting up 1

detail over distance 245–6, 350

Details panel 28

dialogue 197–225, 372; for advice 201–4; branching 217–20; characters, contexts and choices 221–4; conditions and choices 208–16; crowds and sports 375–89; discussed 197–8; interrupts 204–8; languages 224–5; randomization 198–201; scenes 290

directional sources 234–8

distance attenuation 240–5

Distance Algorithm 33, 241–3

DoOnce node 151

Doppler 267–9

drag and drop 17

dry sound 227

ducking 310–13

DuffNote 406

dynamic occlusion 254–5

dynamic range 315

earcons 324

editing 12

embedding source sounds 44–6

engine sounds 359–67

Enveloper node 96, 99, 138

envelopes 92–100

environment (listening) 305

Epic Games launcher 2

EQ 303, 312–13

equal volume 304

Event Dispatcher 447

Event Graph 10

events and triggers 411–13

excitement levels of crowds 376–8

exclusions and obstructions 253–4

Extents settings 27–30

fades (editing) 15

fadein node 49–50

fadeout node 49–50, 156

FalloffDistance 29–30; see also attenuation

feedback 310, 323–6; weapons 346–7

files 3, 12–13

filters: audio 32–3, 198; files 8–9

Find feature 445

FlipFlop node 49

folders: project 1; searching 8; structures 7, 17–18

Foley system 287–8

footsteps 280–9

forms: algorithmic 396–403; musical 130–3; parallel 131, 143–4, 156–66

Game Actor Blueprints 45–6

game editor 4–5

gamepad inputs 410–11; see also controller input

Gate node 54, 186–7

gears, automatic 364–5

Generic Asset Editor 64

Get Distance System 161–4

Get Float Value node 119

global interrupt 207–8

good practices 449–57

Graph Action Menu 443–4

graphically led style 404–6

Group Control node 277

groups (mix) 305

headphones 64

hearing 301

help advice 201–2

high-pass filter 198

horizontal resequencing 132

HUD interactions 324–6

icons 6–7, 27

impacts 352–4, 370

importing assets 16–20

inflection 385

informational dialogue 197

I.N.F.O.R.M. Model 310

in-game Actors 6–7, 414–17

input 53–5; see also controller inputs

instruction 310–21

interactivity see parameterization

interrupts, dialogue 204–8

inventory 212–15

inverse attenuation 242

IsMusic 308

IsUisSound 308

key input 53–5, 410–11

languages 224–5

layered concatenation 75–6

layered variation 81–90

layers: distance 350–1; environment 348–50; impact and damage 370; parallel 166–71; stress 371–2; suspension 372; switching or fading 157–9; wind 371–2

Level Blueprint 10

levels: dialogue 198; editors 2, 6; excitement 376–8; streaming 123–5

LFE bleed 307

linear attenuation 241

linear variables 160–6

listeners and cameras 292–9

listening 301

location-based switching 174

logarithmic attenuation 242

log reverse attenuation 243

longer music pieces 185–90

looking and moving 4–6

looping 13–16, 135–41, 344–5

looping node 38–9, 133

loops: asynchronous 66–71, 398–9; for moving objects 262–3; for weapons with tail 343–4

lossy format 64

loudness 304

macros 42, 424

MakeNoise node 329

manual looping 139–40

Markov chains 403

masking 44, 177–8, 330

Matinee 256–8, 263–6, 435

Matinee Controller 260–1, 264

Max Volume 29–30, 315

measure-based transitions 181–93

mechanic 310, 327–30

mechanical systems, Matinee events for 263–6

melodic pickups 395–6

memory 60–1, 121–6

midi files 137

Min Volume Threshold 315–16

mix: automation for parallel layers 166–71; changes 314–20; principles 302–9; testing the 331

Mixer node 40–1

mockups 332–3

modes 5

modifiers 195

modulation/modifiers for variation 90–105; oscillation

100–3; pitch 90–5; volume 96–100; wavetables 103–5

Modulator node 39

monophonic (one voice) system 40

mono sound source 234

mouse moves 5–6

movement, creating 258–9

moving/looking 4–6

MP3 64

multichannel sound source 234

multigate node 81, 206, 379, 399, 426

music, advanced 391–458; forms 396–403; melodies 395–6; rhythm-action 403–8; stingers 391–5

music, introduction to 129–47; interactive principals 130–3; loops and decay tails 135–41; parallel forms 143–4; playlists 133–5; stingers/ornaments 141–3; transitional forms 144–6

music, parallel forms and basics 149–71; basics 149–56; mix automation 166–71; parallel forms 156–66

music, transitional forms 173–95; clunky transitions 173–7; musical transitions 178–94; options 194–5

naming conventions 17–18

nasty transitions 173–4

natural sound attenuation 243

navigation 326–7; Blueprints 10–11, 439; browser 7–9; game world 2–7

nested reverbs 229–33

nodes 426–7, 445

Non-Spatialized Radius 33

normalization 304

notification 310, 320–3

NPC Footsteps 288–9

NPC state 321

number of voices control 278–9

numbers 417–20

NumChannels 121

Nyquist-Shannon theorem 12, 62

objects, moving 260–6

object state 322–3

obstructions and exclusions 253–4

occlusion 46–51, 246–50, 254–5

Ogg Size 65

one-shots: music 150–2; sounds 40–4, 69; source 37–40; volume envelopes 96–8; weapons 338–40

organization, dialogue 198

orientation 310, 326–7

ornamental forms/stingers 131, 141–3, 154–6

oscillation 100–3

Oscillator node 100

panning 302

parallel forms 131, 143–4, 156–66

parameterization 106–21; with Crossfade 112–16; monitoring approaches 121–6; with Set Pitch Multiplier 110–12; swapping out sounds 106–10; and user-defined curves 116–21

parameters 417–25

passive sound mixes 314–15

pawns 329

Perforce version control 3

Persona Editor (Animation Editor) 280

physics see audio physics

pickups 323–4, 395–6

pitch 90–5, 110–12, 307; oscillation 101–2; velocity to 359–61

playback medium 64

play-by-play commentary 380–4

Play Cue 3

Player Component 151

player-oriented sounds (POS) 26

playlists 133–4

Play Sound Attached node 10, 150–1

play then loop 137–8

polyphonic one-shots 40–1

POS (player-oriented sounds) 26

prebake 233

preduck strategy 316

Preselect at Level Load option 88–9

pre-syncs 187–90

principles, interactive music 130–3

Print String node 450–1

prioritization 278–9

procedural forms 396–403

procedural sound design 59–127; background 59–65; layered variation 81–90; modulation/modifiers for variation 90–105; monitoring memory 121–6; parameterization 106–21; sample rates and audio compression 62–5; sequenced variation 65–81

programming 439–41

project folder 1

projectiles 345–6

proximity 395

Proximity Component 161–2

punishment 323

queues, dialogue 385–8

radio filter volume 308

RAM (restricted memory) 60

ramps 187–90

random combinations 81–5, 397–9

randomization 198–201, 200–1, 376

Random node 37–9, 200–1

realism 227–99; animations 279–89; cutscenes, cameras and 289–92; listeners, cameras and 292–9; moving objects and sounds 256–66; number of voices control 278; physics 266–78; sound propagation 227–55

Real Time Audio 5

REAPER 12

recall 328

reference levels 305

repelling 327

repetition 37, 59, 66, 76, 106, 137, 281, 323–4

restricted memory (RAM) 60

retriggering 340–3

reuse 90–2

reverb 51–3, 227–33, 303, 308, 348–9

Reverb Effects 227–8

rewards 131–2, 142, 323

rhythm-action 310, 403–8

ricochets 352

rolling 274–5

rotating doors 260–1

routing 425–6

running slow tips 456–7

Sample Rate 121

sample rates 12–13; and audio compression 62–5; concatenate 78–9

scalability 88–9

Schmidt, Brian 59

scraping 274–5

searching 8–10

seeds, random 400–3

Sequence node 42, 50, 426, 440

sequences 64–81; concatenation 71–9; note-level 399–400; start points 80–1; time-based variation 66–71

Set Boolean Parameter node 54

Set Float Parameter node 429

Set Int Parameter node 184

Set Pitch Multiplier node 110–12, 429

shapes attenuation 29–30

shortcut keys 335–6

Show menu 27

simple collisions 269–71

skids 367–8

sliding 274–5

Sound Class 51, 207, 251, 305–9

Sound Cue 36, 74, 169, 430–3

Sound Cue Editor 36–7

Sound Mixes 310–20, 331

sound propagation 227–56; distance attenuation and detail 240–5; occlusion, obstruction, and exclusion 246–56; reverb 227–33; spatialization 233–40

sound tracks, Matinee 265–7

Sound Waves 8, 9, 36–7, 359

sources: diffuse 239–40; directional 234–8; loops 26, 31–5; music 149–50; one-shots 26, 37–40, 44

spatialization 233–40

spawn 43

speakers 64

speed, walking 285–6

speed of sound 266–7

Sphere 29

split and crossfade 15–16

sports dialogue see crowds, sports dialogue and

Start menu 122

start points, multiple 80–1

stealth 174

stereo bleed 307

stereo sound source 234

stingers: harmonically appropriate 391–3; ornamental forms 131, 141–6, 154–6; rhythmically-synched 393–5

streaming 121–6

stress layer 371–2

structures 443

surfaces 281–5

surface/tire layers 366–8

suspension layer 372

swapping out sounds 106–10

switch, controlling 183–5

switching ambience 46–51

Switch on Int node 183–4

systems, crowd 375–9

tail 341–4

testing 449–57

time-based variation 66–71

timed events, music for 152–4

TimeLine 104, 110–12, 436

timer node 437

tire layers 366–8

toggle for occlusion 249–50

toolbar 5

tracking 212–15

transitions 178–93; forms 132, 144–6; junctures 179–81; masking 177–8; matrix 181, 193

triggered advice 202–3

Triggers 35, 40, 42, 46–51, 53–5, 310–13, 411–13

troubleshooting 449–57

turbo dump 369–70

turrets 8–9, 10, 321

Unreal Unit (UU) 27

utilities 8

variables 159–66, 417–25

variations 81–90, 398

vehicles 359–73; automatic gears 364–5; cameras 372; elements 361–3, 368–72; smooth operator 365–6; surface/tile layers 366–8; velocity to pitch 359–61

velocity 271–4, 359–61

version control 3–4

vertical re-orchestration 131

View Options menu 8

Viewport panel 5

views 4–5

voice center channel volume 308

voices control 278–9

volume 96–100, 302, 307; curves to 164–6; determining 159–66; equal 304; oscillation 100–2; velocity to 272

walking speeds 285–6

Wave Param node 429

wavetables 103–5

weapons 287–8, 335–56; background 335–6; bullets 351–6; environment and distance elements 348–51; feedback 346–8; one-shot, retriggered, or loop 338–45; projectiles 345–6; system 336–8

wet sound 227

whizzbys 352, 355–6

widgets 414–15

wind layers 371–2

wind sounds 68

words, spacing 385

World Outliner 5, 6–7, 9

zero crossings 15, 135

zones, prioritizing 252–4