- Microsoft® Windows Server™ 2003 Inside Out
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- A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
- Acknowledgments
- We'd Like to Hear from You!
- About the CD
- Conventions and Features Used in this Book
- About the Author
- 1. Windows Server 2003 Overview and Planning
- 1. Introducing Windows Server 2003
- What's New in Windows Server 2003
- 64-Bit Computing
- .NET Technologies
- Windows XP and Windows Server 2003
- Windows XP Editions
- Increased Support for Standards
- Interface and Tool Improvements
- Active Directory Improvements
- Domains Can Be Renamed
- Active Directory Can Replicate Selectively
- Active Directory–Integrated DNS Zones Can Forward Conditionally
- Active Directory Schema Objects Can Be Deleted
- Active Directory and Global Catalog Are Optimized
- Active Directory Can Compress and Route Selectively
- Forest-to-Forest Trusts
- Active Directory Migration Made Easier
- Group Policy Improvements
- Management and Administration Extras
- Security Advances
- Reliability and Maintenance Enhancements
- 2. Planning for Windows Server 2003
- Overview of Planning
- Identifying Your Organizational Teams
- Assessing Project Goals
- Analyzing the Existing Network
- Defining Objectives and Scope
- Defining the New Network Environment
- Selecting a Software Licensing Program
- Final Considerations for Planning and Deployment
- 1. Introducing Windows Server 2003
- 2. Windows Server 2003 Installation
- 3. Preparing for the Installation and Getting Started
- 4. Managing Interactive Installations
- 5. Managing Unattended Installations
- 6. Using Remote Installation Services
- Introduction to RIS
- Installing RIS
- Configuring RIS Clients
- Preparing RIS-Based Installations
- Using RIS for Automated Installations
- Working with Sysprep
- 3. Windows Server 2003 Upgrades and Migrations
- 7. Preparing for Upgrades and Migration
- 8. Upgrading to Windows Server 2003
- General Considerations for Upgrades
- Upgrading from Windows 2000
- Upgrading from Windows NT 4
- 9. Migrating to Windows Server 2003
- Selecting the Migration Tools
- ADMT
- General Considerations for Migrations
- Determining the Approach to Migration
- Preparing for Migration
- Migrating Security Principals
- Performing the Migration: An Overview
- Migrating Group Accounts
- Migrating User Accounts
- Migrating Passwords
- Migrating the Computers
- Merging Groups during Migration
- Migrating Domain Trusts
- Migrating Service Accounts
- Security Translation
- Generating Migration Reports
- 4. Managing Windows Server 2003 Systems
- 10. Configuring Windows Server 2003
- 11. Windows Server 2003 MMC Administration
- 12. Managing Windows Server 2003
- Using the Administration Tools
- Using the Control Panel Utilities
- Using the Add Hardware Utility
- Using the Add or Remove Programs Utility
- Using the Date and Time Utility
- Using the Display Utility
- Using the Folder Options Utility
- Using the Licensing Utility
- Using the Network Connections Utility
- Using the Regional and Language Options Utility
- Using the Scheduled Tasks Utility
- Using the System Utility
- Using Support Tools
- Using Resource Kit Tools
- Using the Secondary Logon
- 13. Managing and Troubleshooting Hardware
- 14. Managing the Registry
- 15. Performance Monitoring and Tuning
- 16. Comprehensive Performance Analysis and Logging
- 5. Managing Windows Server 2003 Storage and File Systems
- 17. Planning for High Availability
- 18. Preparing and Deploying Server Clusters
- 19. Storage Management
- Essential Storage Technologies
- Configuring Storage
- Managing MBR Disk Partitions on Basic Disks
- Managing GPT Disk Partitions on Basic Disks
- Managing Volumes on Dynamic Disks
- Creating a Simple or Spanned Volume
- Extending a Simple or Spanned Volume
- Recovering a Failed Simple or Spanned Disk
- Moving Dynamic Disks
- Configuring RAID 1: Disk Mirroring
- Mirroring Boot and System Volumes
- Configuring RAID 5: Disk Striping with Parity
- Breaking or Removing a Mirrored Set
- Resolving Problems with Mirrored Sets
- Repairing a Mirrored System Volume to Enable Boot
- Resolving Problems with RAID-5 Sets
- 20. Managing Windows Server 2003 File Systems
- 21. File Sharing and Security
- File Sharing Essentials
- Creating and Publishing Shared Folders
- Managing Share Permissions
- Managing File and Folder Permissions
- Managing File Shares After Configuration
- Sharing Files on the Web
- Auditing File and Folder Access
- 22. Using Volume Shadow Copy
- 23. Using Removable Media
- Introducing Removable Media
- Managing Media Libraries and Media
- Inserting Media into a Library
- Ejecting Media from a Library
- Mounting and Dismounting Media in Libraries
- Enabling and Disabling Media
- Enabling and Disabling Drives
- Cleaning Drives
- Working with Library Doors and Ports
- Configuring Library Inventory
- Starting Library Inventory
- Changing Library Media Types
- Enabling and Disabling Libraries
- Managing Media Pools
- Managing Work Queues, Requests, and Security
- Using the Work Queue
- Troubleshooting Waiting Operations
- Changing Mount Operations
- Controlling When Operations Are Deleted
- Using the Operator Requests Queue
- Notifying Operators of Requests
- Completing or Refusing Requests
- Controlling When Requests Are Deleted
- Setting Access Permissions for Removable Storage
- 6. Managing Windows Server 2003 Networking and Print Services
- 24. Managing TCP/IP Networking
- Understanding IP Addressing
- Special IP Addressing Rules
- Using Subnets and Subnet Masks
- Getting and Using IP Addresses
- Understanding Name Resolution
- Configuring TCP/IP Networking
- 25. Managing DHCP
- DHCP Essentials
- DHCP Security Considerations
- Planning DHCP Implementations
- Setting Up DHCP Servers
- Configuring TCP/IP Options
- Levels of Options and Their Uses
- Options Used by Windows Clients
- Using Userand Vendor-Specific TCP/IP Options
- Settings Options for All Clients
- Settings Options for Routing and Remote Access Clients Only
- Setting Add-On Options for Directly Connected Clients
- Defining Classes to Get Different Option Sets
- Advanced DHCP Configuration and Maintenance
- Setting Up DHCP Relay Agents
- 26. Architecting DNS Infrastructure
- 27. Implementing and Managing DNS
- 28. Implementing and Maintaining WINS
- 29. Installing and Maintaining Print Services
- Understanding Windows Server 2003 Print Services
- Print Services Changes for Windows Server 2003
- Upgrading Windows NT 4 Print Servers to Windows Server 2003
- Migrating Print Servers from One System to Another
- Planning for Printer Deployments and Consolidation
- Setting Up Printers
- Managing Printer Permissions
- Managing Print Server Properties
- Managing Printer Properties
- Setting General Properties, Printing Preferences, and Document Defaults
- Setting Overlays and Watermarks for Documents
- Installing and Updating Print Drivers on Clients
- Configuring Printer Sharing and Publishing
- Optimizing Printing Through Queues and Pooling
- Configuring Print Spooling
- Viewing the Print Processor and Default Data Type
- Configuring Separator Pages
- Configuring Color Profiles
- Managing Print Jobs
- Printer Maintenance and Troubleshooting
- 30. Using Remote Desktop for Administration
- 31. Deploying Terminal Services
- Using Terminal Services
- Designing the Terminal Services Infrastructure
- Setting Up Terminal Services
- Using the Terminal Services Configuration Tool
- Using the Terminal Services Manager
- Managing Terminal Services from the Command Line
- Other Useful Terminal Services Commands
- Configuring Terminal Services Per-User Settings
- 24. Managing TCP/IP Networking
- 7. Managing Active Directory and Security
- 32. Active Directory Architecture
- 33. Designing and Managing the Domain Environment
- Design Considerations for Active Directory Replication
- Design Considerations for Active Directory Search and Global Catalogs
- Design Considerations for Compatibility
- Design Considerations for Active Directory Authentication and Trusts
- Universal Groups and Authentication
- NTLM and Kerberos Authentication
- Authentication and Trusts Across Domain Boundaries
- Authentication and Trusts Across Forest Boundaries
- Examining Domain and Forest Trusts
- Establishing External, Shortcut, Realm, and Cross-Forest Trusts
- Verifying and Troubleshooting Trusts
- Delegating Authentication
- Design Considerations for Active Directory Operations Masters
- Operations Master Roles
- Using, Locating, and Transferring the Schema Master Role
- Using, Locating, and Transferring the Domain Naming Master Role
- Using, Locating, and Transferring the Relative ID Master Role
- Using, Locating, and Transferring the PDC Emulator Role
- Using, Locating, and Transferring the Infrastructure Master Role
- 34. Organizing Active Directory
- 35. Configuring Active Directory Sites and Replication
- 36. Implementing Active Directory
- Preinstallation Considerations for Active Directory
- Installing Active Directory
- Uninstalling Active Directory
- Creating and Managing Organizational Units (OUs)
- Delegating Administration of Domains and OUs
- 37. Managing Users, Groups, and Computers
- Managing Domain User Accounts
- Managing User Profiles
- Managing User Data
- Maintaining User Accounts
- Managing Groups
- Managing Computer Accounts
- 38. Managing Group Policy
- Understanding Group Policy
- Implementing Group Policy
- Working with Local Group Policy
- Working with the Group Policy Object Editor
- Working with the Group Policy Management Console
- Installing and Running the Group Policy Management Console
- Using the Group Policy Management Console
- Accessing Forests, Domains, and Sites in Group Policy Management Console
- Creating and Linking a New GPO in Group Policy Management Console
- Editing an Existing GPO in the Group Policy Management Console
- Linking to an Existing GPO in the Group Policy Management Console
- Deleting an Existing GPO in the Group Policy Management Console
- Managing Group Policy Inheritance and Processing
- Using Scripts in Group Policy
- Applying Group Policy Through Security Templates
- Maintaining and Troubleshooting Group Policy
- 39. Active Directory Site Administration
- 8. Windows Server 2003 Disaster Planning and Recovery
- Index to Troubleshooting Topics
- Index
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File-based compression allows you to reduce the number of bits and bytes in files so that they use less space on a disk. The Windows operating system supports two types of compression: NTFS compression, which is a built-in feature of NTFS, and compressed (zipped) folders, which is an additional feature of Windows available on both FAT and NTFS volumes.
Windows allows you to enable compression when you format a volume using NTFS. When a drive is compressed, all files and folders stored on the drive are automatically compressed when they are created. This compression is transparent to users, who can open and work with compressed files and folders just as they do with regular files and folders. Behind the scenes, Windows decompresses the file or folder when it is opened and compresses it again when it is closed. Although this can decrease a computer's performance, it saves space on the disk because compressed files and folders use less space.
You can turn on compression after formatting volumes as well, or if desired turn on compression only for specific files and folders. Once you compress a folder, any new files added or copied to the folder are compressed automatically and they remain compressed even if you later move them to an uncompressed folder on an NTFS volume.
Moving uncompressed files to compressed folders affects their compression attribute as well. If you move an uncompressed file from a different drive to a compressed drive or folder, the file is compressed. However, if you move an uncompressed file to a compressed folder on the same NTFS drive, the file isn't compressed. Finally, if you move a compressed file to a FAT16 or FAT32 volume, the file is uncompressed because FAT16 and FAT32 volumes do not support compression.
To compress or uncompress a drive, follow these steps:
Right-click the drive that you want to compress or uncompress in Windows Explorer or in the Disk Management Volume List view, and then select Properties. This displays the disk's Properties dialog box, as shown in Figure 20-6.
Select or clear Compress Drive To Save Disk Space as appropriate. When you click OK, the Confirm Attribute Changes dialog box shown in Figure 20-7 is displayed.
If you want to apply changes only to the root folder of the disk, select Apply Changes To X Only. Otherwise, accept the default, which will compress the entire contents of the disk. Click OK.
Caution
Although Windows Server 2003 will let you compress system volumes, this is not recommended because the operating system will need to decompress and compress system files each time they are opened, which can seriously impact server performance. Additionally, you can't use compression and encryption together. You can use one feature or the other, but not both.
You can selectively compress and uncompress files and folders as well. The advantage here is that this affects only a part of a disk, such as a folder and its subfolders, rather than the entire disk. To compress or uncompress a file or folder, follow these steps:
In Windows Explorer, right-click the file or folder that you want to compress or uncompress, and then select Properties.
In the General tab of the related Properties dialog box, click Advanced. This displays the Advanced Attributes dialog box shown in Figure 20-8. Select or clear Compress Contents To Save Disk Space as appropriate. Click OK twice.
If you are changing the compression attributes of a folder with subfolders, the Confirm Attribute Changes dialog box is displayed. If you want to apply the changes only to the files in the folder and not files in subfolders of the folder, select Apply Changes To X Only. Otherwise, accept the default, which will apply the changes to the folder, its subfolders, and files. Click OK.
Windows Server 2003 also provides command-line utilities for compressing and uncompressing your data. The compression utility is called Compact (Compact.exe). The decompression utility is called Expand (Expand.exe).
Compressed (zipped) folders are another option for compressing files and folders. When you compress data using this technique, you use Zip compression technology to reduce the number of bits and bytes in files and folders so that they use less space on a disk. Compressed (zipped) folders are identified with a zipper on the folder icon and are saved with the .zip file extension.
Note
At the time of this writing, compressed (zipped) folders were not available on 64-bit editions of Windows Server 2003. Further, if you install a Zip utility, the compressed folder icon for this utility might be used and some of the built-in compressed (zipped) folder features can change.
Compressed (zipped) folders have several advantages over NTFS compression. Because zip technology is an extension of the operating system rather than the file system, compressed (zipped) folders can be used on both FAT and NTFS volumes. Zipped folders can be password protected to safeguard their contents and can be sent by e-mail. They can also be transferred using File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), or other protocols. An added benefit of zipped folders is that some programs can be run directly from compressed folders without having to be decompressed. You can also open files directly from zipped folders.
You can create a zipped folder by selecting a file, folder, or a group of files and folders in Windows Explorer, right-clicking, pointing to Send To, and clicking Compressed (Zipped) Folder. The zipped folder is named automatically by using the file name of the last item selected and adding the .zip extension. If you double-click a zipped folder in Windows Explorer, you can access and work with its contents. As shown in Figure 20-9, the zipped folder's contents are listed according to file name, type, and date. The file information also shows the packed file size, the original file size, and the compression ratio. Double-clicking a program in a zipped folder runs it (as long as it doesn't require access to other files). Doubleclicking a file in a zipped folder opens it for viewing or editing.
While you're working with a zipped folder, you can perform tasks similar to those you can with regular folders. You can do the following:
Add other files, programs, or folders to the zipped folder by dragging them to it.
Copy a file in the zipped folder and paste it into a different folder.
Remove a file from the zipped folder using CUT so that you can paste it into a different folder.
Delete a file or folder by selecting it and clicking Delete.
You also have the option to perform additional tasks, which are unique to zipped folders. You can click File, Extract All to start the Extraction Wizard, which can be used to extract all the files in the zipped folder and copy them to a new location. You can click File, Add A Password to add a password to the zipped folder to control access to it.
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