References

Bank Sarasin & Co., Inc., 2007. Assessing corporate sustainability: Methodology of the Sarasin company rating. August.

Bank Sarasin & Co., Inc., 2006. The Sarasin Industry Rating: Methodology and results of sector sustainability analysis. September.

Barth, M. and McNichols, M., 1994. “Estimation and Market Valuation of Environmental Liabilities Relating to Superfund Sites.” Journal of Accounting Research 32, 177–208.

Bateman, M., 2011. Personal communication. 27 June.

Bauer, R. and Hann, D., 2010. Corporate Environmental Management and Credit Risk. Working paper. Maastricht University, European Centre for Corporate Engagement (ECCE). 30 June.

Berns, M., Townend, A., Khayat, Z., Balagopal, B., Reeves, M., Hopkins, M., and Kruschwitz, N., 2009. “The Business of Sustainability: Findings and Insights from the First Annual Business of Sustainability Survey and the Global Thought Leaders’ Research Project.” MIT Sloan Management Review, Cambridge, MA. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Berridge, R. and Cook, J., 2010. “Mutual Funds and Climate Change: Growing Support for Shareholder Resolutions,” Appendix 4, CERES. June.

Blacconiere, W.G. and Northcut, W.D., 1997. “Environmental Information and Market Reactions to Environmental Legislation.” Auditing and Finance 12(2): 149–178.

Blacconiere, W.G. and Patten, D.M., 1994. “Environmental Disclosures, Regulatory Costs, and Changes in Firm Value.” Journal of Accounting & Economics 18: 357–377.

Bosch, J.C., Eckland, E.W., and Insup, L. 1998. “Environmental Regulation and Stockholder Wealth.” Managerial and Decision Economics 19: 167-177.

Brooksbank, D., 2010. “Malaysian stock exchange to launch ESG index: Bursa Malaysia launches programme to promote ESG integration.” Responsible Investor. 24 November.

Buc, L.G. and Soyka, P.A., 2009. “Bank of America, Mail, and the Environment,” in Crew, M. and Kleindorfer, P. (Eds.). Progress in the Competitive Agenda in the Postal and Delivery Sector. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, Ltd. Pp. 298–308.

Business for Social Responsibility (BSR), 2003. The Social License to Operate. San Francisco.

Ciurea, C., 2010. Sustainable Stock Exchanges: improving ESG standards among listed companies. EIRIS. September.

Cohen, M., Fenn, S., and Naimon, J., 1995. Environmental and Financial Performance: Are they related? Investor Responsibility Research Center.

Cone, Inc., 2010. Companies Fail to Engage Consumers on Environmental and Social Issues. Cone Shared Responsibility Study. Boston.

Coyle, K., 2005. Environmental Literacy in America. National Environmental Education & Training Foundation. September.

Daicoff, C.L. and Wiemken, J.M., 2005. Standard & Poor’s Credit Market Services. Presentation to U.S. EPA. 10 February.

Dhaliwal, D., Zhen Li, O., Tsang, A., and Yang, Y.G., 2009. Voluntary Non-Financial Disclosure and the Cost of Equity Capital: The Case of Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting. February.

Dowell, G., Hart, S., and Yeung, B., 2000. “Do Corporate Global Environmental Standards Create or Destroy Market Value?” Management Science 46: 1059–74.

Doyle, R., 1998. Advisory Opinion. U.S. Department of Labor, PWBA Office of Regulations and Interpretations. 28 May.

Dunlap, R.E., 2010. At 40, Environmental Movement Endures, with Less Consensus. Gallup, Inc. 22 April. Available from www.gallup.com/poll/127487/Environmental-Movement-Endures-Less-Consensus.aspx.

The Economist Intelligence Unit and Oracle Corporation, 2005. The Importance of Corporate Responsibility.

Edelman, Inc., 2011. 2011 Edelman Trust Barometer Findings: 2011 Annual Global Opinion Leaders Study.

Edmans, A., 2011. “Does the Stock Market Fully Value Intangibles? Employee Satisfaction and Equity Prices.” Journal of Financial Economics 101: 621-40.

El Ghoul, S., Guedhami, O., Kwok, C.C.Y, and Mishra, D., 2010. Does Corporate Social Responsibility Affect the Cost of Capital? Working paper. University of Alberta. July.

European Commission, 2006. Environment Fact Sheet: REACH—A New Chemicals Policy for the EU. Brussels. February.

Eurosif, 2010. High Net Worth Individuals and Sustainable Investment. Paris.

Federal Register, 2009. Vol. 74, No. 194. Executive Order 13514—Federal Leadership in Environmental, Energy, and Economic Performance. 8 October. Washington, D.C.

Federal Trade Commission, 2009. “It’s Too Easy Being Green: Defining Fair Green Marketing Principles.” Prepared statement presented to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection, U.S. House of Representatives. 9 June.

Feldman, I., 2011. Personal communication. 29 June.

Feldman, S., Soyka, P., and Ameer, P., 1997. “Does Improving a Firm’s Environmental Management System and Environmental Performance Result in a Higher Stock Price?” Journal of Investing 6(4): 87–97.

Fortune, 2010. The Global 500. Fortune.com (web site). Available from http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2010/full_list/. Accessed 28 January 2011.

FSC-US, 2010. Forest Management Standard FSC-US (v1.0). Forest Stewardship Council–U.S. 8 July.

Garber, S. and Hammitt, J., 1998. “Risk Premiums for Environmental Liabilities: Superfund and the Cost of Capital.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 36: 93–94.

Global Environmental Management Initiative (GEMI), 2004. Clear Advantage: Building Shareholder Value. Washington, D.C.

Global Environmental Management Initiative (GEMI), 1994. Finding Cost-Effective Pollution Prevention Alternatives: Incorporating Environmental Costs into Business Decision Making.

Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), 2011. GRI launches its Focal Point USA (press release). www.globalreporting.org.

Globescan, 2009. Greendex 2009: Consumer Choice and the Environment: A Worldwide Tracking Survey. Prepared for the National Geographic Society. Toronto.

Goldman Sachs, 2007. Introducing GS Sustain. Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research. 22 June.

Griffin, P.A., Lont, D.H., and Sun, Y., 2010. The Relevance to Investors of Greenhouse Gas Emission Disclosures. Working paper. University of California, Davis. 5 January.

Guenster, N., Derwall, J., Bauer, R., and Koeddijk, K., 2006. The Economic Value of Corporate Eco-Efficiency. Rotterdam. Erasmus University. August.

Hamilton, J., 1995. “Pollution as News: Media and Stock Market Reactions to the Toxic Release Inventory Data.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 28: 98–113.

Hart, S. and Ahuja, G., 1996. “Does It Pay to Be Green? An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Emission Reduction and Firm Performance.” Business Strategy and the Environment 5: 30–37.

Hartley, L.M., Wilke, B.J., Schramm, J.W., D’Avanzo, C., and Anderson, C.W., 2011. “College Students’ Understanding of the Carbon Cycle: Contrasting Principle-based and Informal Reasoning.” BioScience 61(1): 65–75.

Hawken, P., Lovins, A., and Lovins, L.H., 1999. Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.

Hayles, L., 2010. “Mexico joins ESG index rush with Cancún launch: Sustainability benchmark will measure Mexican companies against international standards.” Responsible Investor 2 December.

Hoepner, A.G.F., Yu, P.S., and Ferguson, J., 2010. Corporate Social Responsibility Across Industries: When can who do well by doing good? Working paper. School of Management, University of St. Andrews. March.

Hoepner, A.G.F., Yu, P.S., and Ferguson, J., 2008. Industries, externalities, and asset prices. Working paper, School of Management, University of St. Andrews.

ICCA and Responsible Care, 2008. Responsible Care Status Report 2008. International Council of Chemical Associations.

Internal Revenue Service (IRS), 2001. Tax-Exempt Status for Your Organization. Publication 557 (Rev. July 2001). July.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 2004. International Standard ISO 14001: Environmental Management Systems—Requirements with Guidance for Use. Second Edition. Geneva. 15 November.

Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2010. The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Investment Recommendations. Working paper 11-017. Harvard Business School: Cambridge, MA. August.

Jones, J.M., 2011. Americans Increasingly Prioritize Economy Over Environment Largest margin in favor of economy in nearly 30-year history of the trend. Gallup, Inc. 17 March. Available from: www.gallup.com/poll/146681/Americans-Increasingly-Prioritize-Economy-Environment.aspx

Kempf, A. and Osthoff, P., 2007. “The effect of socially responsible investing on portfolio performance.” European Financial Management 13(5): 908–922.

Klassen, R.D. and McLaughlin, C.P, 1996. “The Impact of Environmental Management on Firm Performance.” Management Science 42(8): 1199-1214.

Knight, A., 2011. Personal communication. 21 April.

Konar, S. and Cohen, M., 2001. “Does the Market Value Environmental Performance?” Rev. Econ & Statistics 83(2): 281–309.

Lev, B., 2001. Intangibles: Management, Measurement and Reporting. Brookings Institution. Washington, D.C.

Makower, J., 2011. Green Marketing Is Over. Let’s Move On. GreenBiz.com. 16 May.

Martin, M., 2011. Green Marketing: It’s Alive But Needs a Make-over. GreenBiz.com. 23 May.

McKinsey Global Institute, 2008. Mapping Global Capital Markets: Fourth Annual Report.

Mercer Investment Consulting, 2006. Fearless Forecast: Global Survey of Investment Managers. Toronto.

Minami, H., 2008. “How Does Innovest Use EPA Data?” Innovest Strategic Value Advisors. Presented at A Dialogue to Explore the Use of EPA Data in Financial and Investment Analysis. New York, NY. 19 June.

Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project (MMSD), 2002. Breaking New Ground: The Report of the Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project. London: Earthscan Publications Ltd. May.

Mohin, T., 2011. Personal communication. 27 June.

Morales, R. and van Tichelen, E., 2010. Sustainable Stock Exchanges: Real Obstacles, Real Opportunities. Responsible Research: Geneva.

National Association for Environmental Management (NAEM), 2011. Identifying Corporate EHS and Sustainability Metrics. Washington, D.C. Forthcoming.

National Center for Education Statistics, 2011. The Nation’s Report Card: Science 2009. Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, Washington, D.C. Document No. NCES 2011–451.

Nessing, S., 2011. Personal communication. 14 June.

Park, C. and Pavlovsky, K., 2010. Sustainability in Business Today: A Cross-Industry View. Deloitte Development, LLC.

Pisarcik, M., 2011. Personal communication. 8 March.

Plumlee, M., Brown, D., and Marshall, R.S., 2008. The Impact of Voluntary Environmental Disclosure Quality on Firm Value. Working paper, David Eccles School of Business, University of Utah. May.

Porter, M.E. and Kramer, M.R., 2011. “Creating Shared Value.” Harvard Business Review Jan–Feb.

Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI), 2010. PRI Report on Progress 2010: an Analysis of Signatory Progress and Guidance on Implementation. UNEP Finance Initiative and UN Global Compact.

The Prince’s Accounting for Sustainability Project and the Global Reporting Initiative, 2010. Formation of the International Integrated Reporting Committee (IIRC) (Press Briefing). 2 August.

Ray, J. and Pugliese, A., 2011a. Fewer Americans, Europeans View Global Warming as a Threat: Worldwide, 42% see serious risk, similar to 2007–2008. Gallup, Inc. 20 April. Available from www.gallup.com/poll/147203/Fewer-Americans-Europeans-View-Global-Warming-Threat.aspx.

Ray, J. and Pugliese, A., 2011b. Worldwide, Blame for Climate Change Falls on Humans: Americans among least likely to attribute to human causes. Gallup, Inc. 22 April. Available from www.gallup.com/poll/147242/Worldwide-Blame-Climate-Change-Falls-Humans.aspx.

Repetto, R. and Austin, D., 2000. “Coming Clean: Corporate Disclosure of Financially Significant Environmental Risks.” Washington, D.C: World Resources Institute.

Responsible Investor, 2008. “Responsible Investment Landscape 2008: Asset Managers.” June. p. 4.

Rohm, H., 2008. Improve Financial Performance Using a Balanced Scorecard to Link Non-Financial Drivers to Financial Results. Presentation to Financial Executives International-San Francisco Chapter. Balanced Scorecard Institute. October.

Russo, M. and Fouts, P., 1997. “A Resource-based Perspective on Corporate Environmental Performance and Profitability.” Academy of Management Journal 40(3): 534–59.

Saad, L., 2011. Water Issues Worry Americans Most, Global Warming Least: Environmental concerns are flat since 2010, but down over past decade. Gallup, Inc. 28 March. Available from www.gallup.com/poll/146810/Water-Issues-Worry-Americans-Global-Warming-Least.aspx.

SAM Research, Inc., 2007. Corporate Sustainability Assessment Questionnaire 2007. Zurich.

SFI, 2010. Requirements for the SFI 2010–2014 Program: Standards, Rules for Label Use, Procedures, and Guidance. Washington, D.C. January.

Shapiro, I., 2011. Tallying Up the Impact of New EPA Rules. Washington, D.C. Environmental Policy Institute. EPI Briefing Paper #311. 31 May.

Smith, G.A. and Feldman, D., 2009. Newmont Community Relationships Report: Global Summary Report. March.

Smith, J., 2005. “Sarbanes-Oxley and EMS.” Presentation given at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Cravath, Swain & Moore. 26 July.

Social Investment Forum (SIF) Foundation, 2010. 2010 Report on Socially Responsible Investing Trends in the United States (Executive Summary). Washington, D.C.

Social Investment Forum (SIF) Foundation, 2009. Investment consultants and responsible investing: Current Practice and Outlook in the United States. Washington, D.C. December.

Soyka, P.A., 2009. “Do the U.S. Capital Markets Value Environmental Management Systems?: New Evidence,” in Drury, E.K. and Pridgen, T.S. (Eds.). Handbook on Environmental Quality. Nova Science Publishers. pp. 223–263.

Soyka, P.A. and Bateman, M.E., 2010. Benchmarking Analysis of Disclosed U.S. Corporate Environmental Practices. Vienna, VA. May.

Soyka, P.A. and Bateman, M.E., 2009. The Road Not Yet Taken: The State of U.S. Corporate Environmental Policy and Management. Prepared for Sustainable Enterprise Institute. August.

Soyka, P. and Feldman, S., 1998. “Investor Attitudes Toward Corporate Environmentalism: New Survey Findings.” Environmental Quality Management 8(1): 1–10.

Stanwick, P. and Stanwick, S., 1998. “The Relationship Between Corporate Social Performance and Size, Financial and Environmental Performance.” Journal of Business Ethics 17(2): 195–204.

Statman, M., 2005. Socially Responsible Indexes: Composition, Performance and Tracking Errors. Santa Clara, CA: Santa Clara University, Leavey School of Business.

Statman, M. and Glushkov, D., 2009. “The Wages of Social Responsibility.” Financial Analysts Journal 65: 20–29.

Terrachoice, 2010. The Sins of Greenwashing: Home and Family Edition 2010: A report on environmental claims made in the North American consumer market. Underwriters Laboratories.

Thompson, M., 2011. Personal communication. 29 June.

United Nations Environment Programme-Finance Initiative (UNEP-FI), 2009. Fiduciary Responsibility: Legal and Practical Aspects of Integrating Environmental, Social, and Governance Issues into Institutional Investment. UNEP-FI Asset Management Working Group. July.

UNEP-FI, 2004. The Materiality of Social, Environmental, and Corporate Governance Issues to Equity Pricing. New York: UNEP Finance Initiative.

UNEP-FI, Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer, 2005. A Legal Framework for the Integration of Environmental, Social and Governance Issues into Institutional Investment. October.

United Nations Global Compact (UNGC), 2011. The Ten Principles. Available from www.unglobalcompact.org/AboutTheGC/TheTenPrinciples/index.html.

UNGC, 2011. “Number of Expelled Companies Reaches 2,000 as Global Compact Strengthens Disclosure Framework” (press release). New York. 20 January.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 2010. The Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act from 1990 to 2020: Summary Report. Office of Air and Radiation. March.

USEPA, 2006. Financial Incentives for Environmental Management Systems: Project Findings from Phase I. December.

USEPA, 1995. An Introduction to Environmental Accounting as a Business Management Tool: Key Concepts and Terms. Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics. EPA 742-R-95-001. June.

USEPA/USDOE, 2008. National Action Plan for Energy Efficiency—Vision for 2025: A Framework for Change (Executive Summary). Washington, D.C. Available from www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-programs/suca/resources.html.

U.S. Federal Reserve, 2011. Flow of Funds Accounts of the United States. Federal Reserve Statistical Release, Z.1 Release. Washington, D.C.

Watts, C., 2010. Managing for Sustainability. The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited. February.

White, A. (Ed.), 2009. Paper Series on Restoring the Primacy of the Real Economy. Proceedings of the Second Summit on the Future of the Corporation. Corporation 20/20. Boston. June.

World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) and UNEP-FI, 2005. Generation Lost: Young Financial Analysts and Environmental, Social and Governance Issues. Young Managers Team: Geneva.

WBCSD/UNEP, 1996. Eco-Efficiency and Cleaner Production: Charting the Course to Sustainability. Geneva.