The mobile gateway is the entry point from a mobile application to the mobile-specific solution services. It may also use data services and the enterprise user directory. A mobile gateway can be implemented using a common gateway across all channels into an API ecosystem. It provides the following:

• Authentication/authorization
• Policy enforcement
• API/invocation analytics
• API/reverse proxy

The mobile backend delivers runtime services to mobile applications in implementing server-side logic, maintaining data, and using mobile services. It provides an environment to run application logic and APIs. Here, application logic can communicate with the enterprise network and other applications that reside outside of the service provider. It provides the following:

• Application logic/API implementation
• Mobile app operational analytics
• Push notifications
• Location services
• Mobile data sync
• Mobile app security

Mobile device management (MDM) manages mobile devices and provides services to track enterprise-owned devices. It also manages devices that connect to corporate networks. MDM provides the following:

• Enterprise app distribution
• Mobile device security
• Device management
• Device analytics

Mobile business applications are the enterprise- or industry-specific capabilities needed to conduct business on the mobile devices. These can provide a gateway to enterprise applications and data, and may include analytics components that track usage. They can include the following:

• Proximity services and analytics
• Campaign management
• Business analytics and reporting
• Workflow/rules

API management advertises available service endpoints and provides API discovery, catalogs, APIs that connect to management capabilities, and service implementations, such as API versioning. The capabilities are the following:

• API discovery/documentation
• Management

Data services enable data to be stored and accessed in a form suitable for rapid access. This may include extracts of enterprise data. Data services can include the following:

• Mobile app data/NoSQL
• File repositories
• Caches

Security services ensure that only authorized users are able to access mobile cloud services. This also protects the data and enables the visibility required to have actionable security intelligence across all environments. Components include the following:

• Identity and access management
• Data and application protection
• Security intelligence
• Enterprise transformation and connectivity
• Enterprise security connectivity
• Transformation