Airborne-based, 187, 227, 232, 233
Ambiguity
Doppler, see Doppler ambiguity
resolution, 111,
Amplitude modulation, 93, 96, 116–121
Angle
squint, 159, 174–185, 193, 198, 213–230, 240–244, 254, 267, 271, 283, 305, 309, 314, 325
Antenna geometries
single element radiators, 89
microstrip antennas, 91
antenna array, 78, 91, 92, 168, 169, 183
Antenna parameters
radiation beamwidth, 81
solid angle, 82
power density, 83
radiation intensity, 83
directivity, 84
impedance, 84
efficiency, 85
effective area, 85
Azimuth
compression, 226, 227, 246–274, 281, 293, 301–303, 311–331
matched filter, 255–267, 274–283, 290, 311, 312, 318, 324–330
reference function, 247–257, 268, 269, 290, 294, 301, 312–318, 328
Bandwidth, 25, 44, 45, 112–144, 167–198, 206–234, 259–290, 301, 321, 325
Baseband signal, 24, 116, 150, 152, 160, 202, 216–267, 309, 321, 322
Bistatic radar, 97
Broadside SAR, 155–174, 183, 184, 192–199, 223–235, 244, 251–255, 261, 267, 269, 276, 285, 289, 294–296, 301–314
Beamwidth, 79–84, 92, 158, 161, 166–200, 209–234, 254, 278, 322, 326
Bulk azimuth compression, 324
Chirp rate, 124–136, 160, 173, 228, 322
Chirp signal, 129, 136, 142–144
Circular convolution, 39–42, 249, 322, 324
Compression
azimuth, see Azimuth compression
range, see range compression
pulse, see pulse compression
Continuous wave (CW), 110, 116, 117
Convolution, 3, 5, 13, 23, 30, 34, 40–44, 66, 126, 127, 136–146, 196, 202, 203, 216, 249, 252, 318, 324, 331
Circular, see circular convolution
Linear, see linear convolution
Correlation, 55, 170, 172, 179, 285
auto, see autocorrelation
cross, 111
Cross range, 164, 174, 193–216, 249, 252, 318, 324, 331
Differential azimuth compression, 293, 303, 314–318, 324–326, 331
finite length, 77
half-wavelength, 63, 73, 74, 89–92
Discrete cosine transform, 35, 53, 54
Discrete Fourier transform, 35, 38, 43, 50, 58, 60
DFT, 51–62, 127, 136–146, 257–278, 312, 317, 326
Doppler ambiguity, 224, 227, 321
Doppler centroid, 182, 223–227
Doppler frequency, 103–123, 148–194, 210, 222, 227, 248–289, 299–332
bandwidth, 174, 181–185, 192, 222–234, 259, 264, 271, 321
centroid, 168, 172, 177, 185, 224, 225, 254, 268, 321, 325
lower bound, 171, 177–181, 192
spectrum, 171, 180, 223, 224, 257–281, 298, 299, 311–317
upper bound, 171, 177–181, 192
Echo, 93–97, 110, 111, 121–123, 135, 142–165, 194–215, 228, 232–246, 295, 298, 309
Electromagnetic (EM) wave, 63, 89, 93, 94, 101, 103
Fourier transform, 11–20, 126, 134, 196, 197, 203–207, 286, 293, 298
Frequency modulation, 116, 123, 130
Linear, see Linear frequency modulation
Stepped, see Stepped frequency modulation
Doppler, 171, 180, 223–225, 257–281, 298, 299, 311–317
Fourier, 15, 19, 20, 44–48, 57, 60, 112, 118, 126, 127, 137–142, 197
Geometric distortion
foreshortening, 189
layover, 188
slant to ground range, 189
speckle, 189
cross-range imaging radar, 199
backward looking radar, 175
forward looking radar, 159, 174
range-imaging radar, 195
Ground range, 160, 189, 191, 195, 229
Ideal target function, 195–203, 211–220, 286
Impulse response, 4, 25, 42, 43, 65, 66
In-phase Quadrature-phase, 116, 129, 133, 222, 226, 248, 321
Interpolation, 2, 21–33, 47, 48, 60, 62, 251–253, 273, 281
Stolt, see Stolt interpolation
Interferometric SAR (InSAR), 156
Intermediate-frequency (IF) signal, 122
Inverse Discrete cosine transform, 55
IDCT, 55
Inverse discrete Fourier transform, 38, 257–281, 298, 309, 322, 325
ISAR, 157
Layover, 188
Linear frequency modulation, 93, 96, 116, 124, 129, 168, 191
Main lobe, 22, 76–82, 135, 151
Matched filter, 134
azimuth, 211–219, 254–267, 274–283, 290, 311–330
range, 111, 134–144, 197, 198, 213, 226, 248–275, 290, 301, 322, 329–331
Multilook processing, 189
Nyquist, 19, 24, 36, 48, 145, 221, 222
Point spread function, 197, 198, 212, 213
Polarization, 89, 101, 102, 188
Principle of stationary phase, 203, 206, 207
Pulse compression, 115, 134, 136–142, 146, 318
Pulse repetition frequency (PRF), 158, 222, 223, 233, 250, 269, 278, 299, 321
Pulse repetition interval (PRI), 93, 94, 131, 301, 326
Quadrature mixer, 132
from an infinitesimal current dipole, 67, 69
far-field Region, 70
from a half-wavelength dipole, 73
from a linear array, 74
Radiation beamwidth, 81
Radiation pattern, 67, 73, 74, 78–91, 168, 169
Range compression, 163, 226, 227, 246–261, 269, 276, 322–330
Range-Doppler, 226, 227, 246–264, 271–285, 293, 298–300, 309–332
Range imaging, 173, 195, 197, 211, 212
Resolution, 43–45, 118, 123, 155, 156, 173, 189–191, 273, 289
ambiguity, 111
Doppler, 111
range, 45, 117–119, 151, 152, 186, 190–193, 198
spatial, 192
Sampling,
frequency, 20–30, 36, 44–48, 58, 60, 123, 145, 147, 160, 221–233, 251, 289, 293, 314, 322
Scattering coefficient, 98, 102
Sidelobe, 21, 22, 47, 48, 76, 80, 82, 248, 260, 289, 303
Simulation,
Sinc
filter, 21, 22, 252, 273, 326, 327
function, 2, 112, 113, 118, 127, 212
Slant range, 156–165, 170–183, 187–193, 201, 210, 229–234, 240, 241, 249–251, 271, 279, 295, 296, 305, 308, 312, 325, 326
Slow time, 165–183, 203, 213, 249, 254, 268, 301
Spatial frequency, 202–222, 285–287, 293
Spatial Fourier transform, 203, 207, 216–219, 271–287
Speckle, 189
Specular reflection, 101
Spotlight SAR, 156
Squint SAR, 155–161, 174, 184–199, 223–233, 240–244, 251–255, 267–285, 294, 301–314, 326
Stepped frequency modulation, 96, 116, 130, 132
Stolt interpolation, 227, 285–294, 303, 312–315, 324–332
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) signal
broadside, see broadside SAR
squint, see squint SAR
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system broadside, 161, 162, 229–231, 244, 251–255, 267, 276, 285, 296
squint, see squint SAR
Time-bandwidth product, 134–139, 206
Wave equation, 65
Wavelength, 67, 72, 81, 89, 91, 100–109, 158, 173, 183, 191, 193, 233, 314
Wave number, 108, 194, 207–210, 222, 285–293, 324
Window, 22, 35, 48, 131, 247, 248
Blackman, see Blackman window
Hamming, see Hamming window
Hanning, see Hanning window