CONTENTS
1.1 Special Functions Used in Signal Processing
1.1.1 Delta or Impulse Function δ(t)
1.1.2 Sampling or Interpolation Function sinc (t)
1.2 Linear System and Convolution
1.2.1 Key Properties of Convolution
1.3 Fourier Series Representation of Periodic Signals
1.3.1 Trigonometric Fourier Series
1.3.2 Compact Trigonometric Fourier Series
1.3.3 Exponential Fourier Series
1.4 Nonperiodic Signal Representation by Fourier Transform
1.5 Fourier Transform of a Periodic Signal
1.6 Sampling Theory and Interpolation
1.7 Advanced Sampling Techniques
1.7.1 Sampling with Bandpass Signal
1.7.2 Resampling by Evenly Spaced Decimation
1.7.3 Resampling by Evenly Spaced Interpolation
1.7.4 Resampling by Fractional Rate Interpolation
1.7.5 Resampling from Unevenly Spaced Data
1.7.5.1 Jacobian of Transformation
2 Discrete Time and Frequency Transformation
2.1 Continuous and Discrete Fourier Transform
2.2 Key Properties of Discrete Fourier Transform
2.2.2 Linear and Circular Convolution
2.2.3.1 Overlap-and-Add Method
2.2.3.2 Overlap-and-Save Method
2.2.4 Zero Stuffing and Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Resolution
2.3 Widows and Discrete Fourier Transform
2.4.1 Radix-2 Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Algorithms
2.5 Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)
2.6 Continuous and Discrete Signals in Time and Frequency Domains
2.6.1 Graphical Representation of DFT
2.6.2 Resampling with Fractional Interpolation Based on DFT
3.1 Maxwell and Wave Equations
3.1.1 Harmonic Time Dependence
3.2 Radiation from an Infinitesimal Current Dipole
3.2.1 Magnetic Vector Potential Due to a Small but Finite Current Element
3.2.2 Field Vectors Due to Small but Finite Current Radiation
3.2.4 Summary of Radiation Fields
3.3 Radiation from a Half-Wavelength Dipole
3.4 Radiation from a Linear Array
3.4.1 Power Radiation Pattern from a Linear Array
3.5 Power Radiation Pattern from a 2D Rectangular Array
3.6 Fundamentals of Antenna Parameters
3.6.2 Solid Angle, Power Density, and Radiation Intensity
3.6.6 Effective Area and Antenna Gain
3.7 Commonly Used Antenna Geometries
3.7.1 Single-Element Radiators
3.7.2 Microstrip Antennas and Antenna Array
4.1 Principles of Radar Operation
4.2 Basic Configuration of Radar
4.2.5 Computer/Signal Processor
4.4.2 Cross Section and the Equivalent Sphere
4.4.3 Cross Section of Real Targets
4.4.4 Radar Cross Section (RCS)
4.5 Doppler Effect and Frequency Shift
4.6 Radar Resolution and Ambiguity Function
5 Radar Modulation and Target Detection Techniques
5.1 Amplitude Modulation (AM) Radar
5.1.1 Continuous-Wave (CW) Radar
5.2 Target Detection Techniques of AM-Based Radar
5.2.1 Doppler Frequency Extraction
5.2.2 Motion Direction Detection
5.3 Frequency Modulation (FM)-Radar
5.3.1 Pulsed Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) Radar
5.3.2 Continuous-Wave Linear Frequency Modulation Radar
5.3.3 Stepped Frequency Modulation Radar
5.4 Target Detection Techniques of FM-Based Radar
5.4.1 In-Phase Quadrature-Phase Demodulator
5.4.2 Matched Filter and Pulse Compression
5.4.3 Target Detection Techniques of LFM Radar
5.4.4 Target Detection Techniques of SFM Radar
6.3 Doppler Frequency and Radar Image Processing
6.3.2.1 SAR with a Small Squint Angle
6.3.2.2 SAR with a Low Squint Angle
6.4 Range Migration and Curvature
6.5 Geometric Distortions of the Radar Image
6.5.4 Slant-to-Ground Range Distortion
6.6.1 Example of Real Aperture Radar (RAR) Resolution: ERS-1/2-Imaging Radars
7 System Model and Data Acquisition of SAR Image
7.1 System Model of Range Radar Imaging
7.1.2 Reconstruction of Range Target Function
7.2 System Model of Cross-Range Radar Imaging
7.2.1.2 Principle of Stationary Phase
7.2.1.3 Spatial Fourier Transform of Cross-Range Target Response
7.2.1.4 Reconstruction of Cross-Range Target Function
7.2.2.2 Spatial Fourier Transform of Cross-Range Target Response
7.2.2.3 Reconstruction of Cross-Range Target Function
7.3 Data Acquisition, Sampling, and Power Spectrum of Radar Image
7.3.1 Digitized Doppler Frequency Power Spectrum
8 Range–Doppler Processing on SAR Images
8.2 Synthesis of a Broadside SAR Image Data Array
8.3 Synthesis of a Squint SAR Image Data Array
8.4 Range–Doppler Processing of SAR Data
8.4.3 Range Cell Migration Correction
8.4.3.1 Computation of Range Migration Amount
8.4.3.2 Fractional Range Sample Interpolation
8.4.4.1 Doppler Frequency Centroid
8.4.4.2 Doppler Frequency Change Rate β
8.4.4.3 Pulse Duration Time Ta
8.5.1 Broadside SAR with Single Target
8.5.2 Broadside SAR with Multiple Targets
8.5.3 Squint SAR with Single Target
8.5.4 Squint SAR with Multiple Targets
9 Stolt Interpolation Processing on SAR Images
9.1 Wavenumber Domain Processing of SAR Data
9.2 Direct Interpolation from Unevenly Spaced Samples
9.3 Stolt Interpolation Processing of SAR Data
9.3.1 System Model of Broadside SAR with Six Targets
9.3.2 Synthesis of Broadside SAR Data Array
9.3.4 System Model of Squint SAR with Six Targets
9.3.5 Synthesis of Squint SAR Data Array
9.4 Reconstruction of Satellite Radar Image Data
9.5 Comparison Between Range–Doppler and Stolt Interpolation on SAR Data Processing