In this chapter we learned some basic theory behind Particle Swarm Optimization. We learned how this algorithm applies to, and has been influenced by flocks of birds, swarms of bees, schools of fish, and more. We also saw how we could replace the standard back propagation formula with Particle Swarm Optimization.

In the next chapter, we are going to learn how to delve into function optimization and show you how you can find optimal parameters, a process that will save you countless hours of testing!