FIGURES

1.1     Map of eastern Africa showing AHI mandated areas and the benchmark sites

1.2     Illustration of the relationship between action research (upper box) and PAR (lower box)

2.1     Simplified model of farm level entry point and linked technologies

2.2     Stepwise integration of various technologies and approaches to improve natural resources management in the Ethiopian highlands

2.3     Integration of food and feed legumes and legume cover crops into small-scale farms as a function of resource endowments and market conditions

2.4     Levels of technology “spillover” relative to project interventions

3.1     Digital elevation model illustrating hydrological boundaries and features of Gununo watershed, Ethiopia

3.2     Baga watershed demarcated using (village) administrative boundaries

3.3     Relationships between adjacent watershed units and the need for a flexible interpretation of watershed boundaries

3.4     Soil and water management cluster

3.5     Integrated production and nutrient management cluster

3.6     Hypothetical impact of boundary trees on the yield of adjacent crops in cases with (b) and without (a) thresholds

3.7     Farmers’ perceptions of the relative equitability and benefits of the AHI/HARC approach as an alternative to that employed by the Government Extension Service, Areka, Ethiopia

3.8     Observed impacts from collective action in porcupine control

4.1     Perceived causal linkage between soil erosion on the hillsides and soil fertility in the valley bottoms, Lushoto, Tanzania

4.2     Livestock holdings by wealth category in four AHI benchmark sites

4.3     UWA communication and decision-making channels on co-management

5.1     Operational framework for participatory policy action research

5.2     Gendered patterns of participation in by-law meetings over time in pilot communities

5.3     Information flow in demand-driven information provision

5.4     Use of VICE phones in 2008, Rubaya Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda

6.1     Scaling out and scaling up in AHI

6.2     AHI “Learning loops”

6.3     Cornerstones for effective research in Ethiopia and Tanzania

Colour plate section (between pages 146 and 147)

1     Farmers in Kwalei village, Lushoto, load up their tomatoes for transport to Dar es Salaam

2     Metallic hook used to trap mole rats in Areka

3     Participatory map showing locations of year-round (blue dots), seasonal (circled blue dots), and extinct (red dots) springs in Dule village, Lushoto, Tanzania

4     Spring in Kwekitui Village, Lushoto, which yields much less water today than in the past

5     Tolil Watershed Committee in Kapchorwa, Uganda

6     Village representatives involved in participatory watershed planning in Lushoto, Tanzania

7     Progressive clearing of forest and absence of soil and water conservation activities in the catchment and riparian zone just upstream of the Sakharani Mission are believed to have caused sharp declines in the Mission's water supply in recent years

8     Introduction to the watershed approach to farmers in Rwanda

9     Seeing is believing: water and sediment collection chambers in Ginchi BMS make the extent of soil loss visible to farmers

10     Ginchi landscape prior to soil conservation interventions

11     Ginchi farmers exploring terraced landscape at Konso

12     Farmers in Lushoto complain that eucalypts, such as those lining this tea estate boundary, lead to the drying of nearby springs

13     Cultivation up to the edge of a spring in the Baga watershed, Lushoto

14     Landscape with (bottom) and without (top) natural resource governance

..................Content has been hidden....................

You can't read the all page of ebook, please click here login for view all page.
Reset