Contents

Foreword

Preface

Introduction – Walking with Animators

Acknowledgements

Chapter 1 Basic Principles

Before we begin

Timing in animation

Animation Exercise 1.1 – Flip Book

Laws of motion

Squash and stretch

Pose-to-pose and straight-ahead

Keys and inbetweens

Animation Exercise 1.2 – Bouncing Balls

Overlapping action, follow-through and drag

Overlapping Action Case Study 1 – Lifting a Weight

Overlapping Action Case Study 2 – Getting Out of a Chair

Questions to Ask Yourself about Overlapping Action, Follow-through and Drag

Arcs and curves, and line of action

Cycle animation

Animation Exercise 1.3 – Flag Cycle

Animation Exercise 1.4 – Aeroplane Cycle

Chapter 2 Figurative Animation

Before we begin

The four ‘A’s of animation

Walks and runs

Animation Exercise 2.1 – Basic Walk Cycle

Animation Exercise 2.2 – Basic Run Cycle

Weight and balance

Questions to Ask Yourself about Weight and Balance

Anticipation

Chapter 3 Acting

Before we begin

Characterization

Temperament and pace

Animation Exercise 3.1 – Temperament and Pace

Animation Exercise 3.2 – Character Types/Two Sacks

Character interaction

Animation Exercise 3.3 – Character Interaction

Planning a scene

Props and costume

Questions to Ask Yourself about Acting in Animation

Chapter 4 Design

Before we begin

Storyboards

Animatics

Character design

Design criteria

Questions to Ask Yourself about Design

Chapter 5 Animals in Motion

Before we begin

Four legs

Animation Exercise 5.1 – Basic Walk Cycle

Animation Exercise 5.2 – Basic Run Cycle

Animation Exercise 5.3 – Advanced Action

Questions to Ask Yourself about a Four-legged Animal in Motion

Birds in flight

Animation Exercise 5.4 – Basic Flight Cycle

Animation Exercise 5.5 – Take-off and Landing

Questions to Ask Yourself about Birds in Flight

Chapter 6 Sound Synchronization

Before we begin

Bar charts

Delivering dialogue and carrying narrative

Lip synchronization

Animation Exercise 6.1 – Lip-sync

Animation Exercise 6.2 – Sound Synchronization

Questions to Ask Yourself about Sound Synchronization

Chapter 7 Technical

Before we begin

Dope sheets

Questions to Ask Yourself about Dope Sheets

Line tests

Layouts and field guides

Questions to Ask Yourself about Layouts

Formats

Production processes

Questions to Ask Yourself about Production Management

Appendices

Appendix 1: Glossary

Appendix 2: Further reading

Appendix 3: Further viewing

Appendix 4: Useful contacts

Index

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