The Solaris Installation Prechecklist
Before you begin installing the OS, it’s important to make sure you have everything you’ll need. Adequate planning and preparation will save you time and trouble later. I recommend completing the installation worksheet in Table 6.4 so that all of the information you’ll need is handy during the installation.
Note
If you are unsure about any of the information presented in the preceding installation worksheet, refer to the appropriate chapter to learn more about that particular topic.
You can use the sysidcfg file to preconfigure this information for a system. You must create a unique sysidcfg file for every system that requires different configuration information. You can use the same sysidcfg file to preconfigure parameters that are common between systems such as time zone, domain name, and so on. To specify parameters that are unique to each system, such as IP address, hostname, and root password, you’ll need to create a unique sysidcfg file for each system. The sysidcfg file is covered in detail in Chapter 7.
Next, verify that you have enough disk space for Solaris 9 and all the copackaged and third-party software you plan to add. (Refer to the section “Software Groups” earlier in this chapter.) Normally, a server would have several gigabytes (GB) of disk space available for the operating system, so you’ll be installing the full distribution software group. Also you need to check with your software vendor regarding space requirements for any third-party software packages as well as swap space requirements.
In addition, make sure you have enough disk space if you plan to run the following software:
Internet mail service
ODBC driver manager
OpenGL
Solstice backup
Solaris volume management
Solaris 9 documentation
Sun MediaCenter One
Sun WebServer
Sun Management Console
These packages occasionally change in size as they are updated, so contact Sun to obtain current disk space requirements for each of these packages.
Using the Interactive Installation Process (suninstall): SPARC
After gathering the information for the installation worksheet, you are ready to begin the installation process. The following steps outline the process for installing Solaris 9 on a Sun SPARC system using the suninstall interactive installation method. With the conventional interactive installation, Solaris is installed by using the Solaris install tool, suninstall, a friendly and easy-to-use interface that will carry out a dialog for installing the OS. The dialog will ask you several questions about the installation. This section provides an overview of the installation process using the conventional interactive installation program, suninstall.
suninstall brings up various menus and asks for your input. For this example, I’ll be using a character-based terminal. Those of you using a bitmapped display will see the same dialog, but it will be a bit more graphical. You’ll be able to use your mouse to click your selections. The suninstall interface allows you to go back to previous screens if you make a mistake, and it doesn’t actually do anything to your system until the installation program reaches the end and tells you it is about to start the loading process. During the installation, help is always available via the Help button.
Caution
The following procedure reinstalls your operating system. That means it destroys all data on the target file systems.
If you’re upgrading or installing Solaris on a running system, use the following steps to shut down and then perform the installation:
1. |
Become root. |
2. | |
3. | |
4. |
Put the Solaris 9 Software CD-ROM 1 of 2 into the CD-ROM player and boot from the CD-ROM. Note Your first inclination might be to insert the Installation CD-ROM to begin the install process. The Installation CD-ROM will start the Web Start installation, which is a bit different from the conventional interactive installation. See the section titled “Web Start” earlier in this chapter for more information. |
5. |
At the ok prompt, type boot cdrom. The system starts from the CD-ROM and begins by configuring devices. After a few minutes, you’ll enter the system identification section of the installation. The installation program will begin a dialog, asking you various questions about your locale and language as follows: Select a Language 0. English 1. French 2. German 3. Italian 4. Japanese 5. Korean 6. Simplified Chinese 7. Spanish 8. Swedish 9. Traditional Chinese Please make a choice (0 - 9), or press h or ? for help: |
6. |
Select a language by entering the
corresponding number and press Return. In the example, I selected 0 for English. The system
responded with the following menu: Select a Locale 0. English (C - 7-bit ASCII) 1. Albania (ISO8859-2) 2. Australia (ISO8859-1) 3. Belgium-Flemish (ISO8859-1) 4. Belgium-Flemish (ISO8859-15 - Euro) 5. Bosnia (ISO8859-2) 6. Brazil (ISO8859-1) 7. Brazil (UTF-8) 8. Bulgaria (ISO8859-5) 9. Canada-English (ISO8859-1) 10. Catalan, Spain (ISO8859-1) 11. Catalan,Spain (ISO8859-15 - Euro) 12. Croatia (ISO8859-2) 13. Czech Republic (ISO8859-2) 14. Denmark (ISO8859-1) 15. Denmark (ISO8859-15 - Euro) 16. Egypt (ISO8859-6) 17. Egypt (UTF-8) 18. Estonia (ISO8859-15) Press Return to show more choices. Please make a choice (0 - 58), or press h or ? for help: |
7. |
Select your locale and press Return. The locale you select on this screen becomes the default displayed on your desktop after you reboot the system. Selecting a locale determines how online information is displayed for a specific locale or region (for example, time, date, spelling, and monetary value.) You can view additional locales by pressing the Return key. Note The ASCII-only option gives you the default 128-character set that was available in previous releases. If you do not need to send/receive international correspondence in which you need locale-specific alphabetic characters (like accented or umlaut characters), the ASCII-only set is sufficient. Otherwise, you can select an ISO locale, which contains a 256-character set. Selecting an ISO locale can cause a minor performance degradation (in many cases, less than 5%). What type of terminal are you using? 1) ANSI Standard CRT 2) DEC VT52 3) DEC VT100 4) Heathkit 19 5) Lear Siegler ADM31 6) PC Console 7) Sun Command Tool 8) Sun Workstation 9) Televideo 910 10) Televideo 925 11) Wyse Model 50 12) X Terminal Emulator (xterms) 13) Other Type the number of your choice and press Return: This menu only comes up when you’re using a character-based screen. You will not see this menu if you’re using a bitmapped display. |
8. |
For this example, I selected item 3 and pressed the Return key.
The fol-lowing menu displays next: --The Solaris Installation Program--
The Solaris installation program is divided into a series of short sections where
you'll be prompted to provide information for the installation. At the end of each
section, you'll be able to change the selections you've made before continuing.
About navigation...
- The mouse cannot be used
- If your keyboard does not have function keys, or they do not
respond, press ESC; the legend at the bottom of the screen
will change to show the ESC keys to use for navigation. Again, this menu of options will only be displayed when using a character-based screen. On a bitmapped display, you will not see this menu. |
9. |
I pressed the F2 key to continue. The following menu displays next: ----Identify This System ---- On the next screens, you must identify this system as networked or non-networked, and set the default time zone and date/time. If this system is networked, the software will try to find the information it needs to identify your system; you will be prompted to supply any information it cannot find. > To begin identifying this system, press F2. |
10. |
Press the F2 key to continue. The following menu will be displayed:
---Network Connectivity----
Specify Yes if the system is connected to the network by one of the Solaris or vendor
network/communication Ethernet cards that are supported on the Solaris CD. See your
hardware documentation for the current list of supported cards. Specify No if the
system is connected to a network/communication card that is not supported on the
Solaris CD, and follow the instructions listed under Help.
Networked
[X] Yes
[ ] No
F2_Continue F6_Help If the system is connected to a Sun-supported network/communication card, select Yes. If the system is connected to a network card that is not supported on the Solaris CD-ROM, select No and complete the installa-tion of Solaris software as follows:
|
11. |
For more information on DHCP, see Chapter 23, “Name Services.” For this example, I selected No and pressed Return to continue. The following menu will be displayed:
Primary Network Interface On this screen you must specify which of the following network adapters is the system's primary network interface. Usually the correct choice is the lowest number. However, do not guess; ask your system administrator if you're not sure. > To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. Primary network interface [X] hme0 [ ] qfe0 [ ] qfe1 [ ] qfe2 [ ] qfe3 F2_Continue F6_Help Specify the primary network interface for your system. This information is requested if the software detects multiple ethernet cards or network adapter cards on your system. This screen will be displayed if you’re installing a gateway from a CD-ROM; on this system, I have the primary network adapter and four additional network adapters installed. In most cases, the correct choice is to select the lowest-numbered interface. However, if you don’t know, ask your system or network administrator. Caution If you specify the incorrect primary network interface, your system might not be able to find a name service. |
12. |
In this example, I selected hme0 as the interface and pressed
F2 to continue. The following menu
displays next: ---Host Name ---- On this screen you must enter your host name, which identifies this system on the network. The name must be unique within your domain; creating a duplicate host name will cause problems on the network after you install Solaris. A host name must be at least two characters; it can contain letters, digits, and minus signs (-). Host name:___ultra5____________ F2_Continue F6_Help |
13. |
Enter a unique hostname. In this example, I entered ultra5 for the hostname and pressed F2 to continue. The following
menu displays next: ---IP Address---- On this screen you must enter the Internet Protocol (IP) address for this system. It must be unique and follow your site's address conventions, or a system/network failure could result. IP addresses contain four sets of numbers separated by periods (for example 129.200.9.1). IP address: 192.168.0.125 F2_Continue F6_Help |
14. |
This menu displays if you did not select DHCP earlier in the process. Internet addresses are usually assigned by network or system administrators according to local and Internetwork policies. Because creating duplicate IP addresses can cause network problems, do not guess or make up a number; check with your system or network administrator for help. See Chapter 21, “The Solaris Network Environment,” for more information on IP addresses. For this example, I set the IP address to 192.168.0.125 and pressed F2 to continue. The following menu displays next:
---Subnets --- On this screen you must specify whether this system is part of a subnet. If you specify incorrectly, the system will have problems communicating on the network after you reboot. > To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. System part of a subnet [ ] Yes [X] No F2_Continue F6_Help |
15. |
Specify whether your system is on a network that has subnets. If the network to which your system is connected is divided into subnets (usually using routers or gateways), answer Yes. If you do not know if your network has subnets, do not guess; check with your system administrator for help. For this example, my system is not part of a subnet, so I selected No and pressed F2 to
continue. The following menu
displays next: ---IPv6--- On this screen you should specify whether or not IPv6, the next generation Internet Protocol, will be enabled on this machine. Enabling IPv6 will have no effect if this machine is not on a network that provides IPv6 service. IPv4 service will not be affected if IPv6 is enabled. > To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. Enable IPv6 [ ] Yes [X] No F2_Continue F6_Help |
16. |
Specify whether this system will use IPv6, the next generation Internet protocol described in Chapter 21. This system will not use IPv6, so I selected No and pressed F2 to continue. The following menu displays next:
---Default Route--- On this screen you must specify how to set the default route. You can let the software try to find one or you can specify one. > To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight your choice and press Return to mark it [X]. Default Route [X] Find one [ ] Specify one F2_Continue F6_Help |
17. |
Specify whether or not a default route is needed and, if so, specify an IP address to the router (gateway) in a network. The router is used to forward all network traffic that is not addressed to the local subnet. See Chapter 21 for more information. If you know the address of your default router, select Specify One. If not, you can select Find One, and the system will try to locate the default router. In this example, I selected Find One and pressed F2. The following menu displays next:
Configure Security Policy: Specify Yes if the system will use the Kerberos security mechanism. Specify No if this system will use standard UNIX security. Configure Kerberos Security [ ] Yes [X] No F2_Continue F6_Help This specifies the type of security policy being implemented on this system. If no special security policy is desired, select No and normal UNIX security will be implemented. |
18. |
On this system, I will be using normal UNIX security, so I selected No and pressed F2. The following confirmation
menu displays next: Confirm Information > Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2; to change any information, press F4. Configure Kerberos Security: No F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help |
19. |
If everything looks okay, press F2 to continue. The following
menu displays next: Name Service On this screen you must provide name service information. Select the name service that will be used by this system, or None if your system will either not use a name service at all, or if it will use a name service not listed here. > To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. Name service [ ] NIS+ [ ] NIS [ ] DNS [ ] LDAP [X] None F2_Continue F6_Help Specify the name service you will be using. Refer to Chapter 23 for more information. |
20. |
This system will not be using a name service, only local /etc files, so I selected None and pressed F2 to continue. The following confirmation menu displays next:
Confirm Information > Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2; to change any information, press F4. Name service: None F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help |
21. |
If everything looks okay, press F2 to continue. The following menu displays next:
Subnets On this screen you must specify whether this system is part of a subnet. If you specify incorrectly, the system will have problems communicating on the network after you reboot. > To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. System part of a subnet [ ] Yes [X] No F2_Continue F6_Help |
22. |
This question was asked earlier, and it’s asked again. If your system is part of a subnet, answer Yes. For this example, the system is not part of a subnet, so I answered No and pressed F2 to continue. The following menu displays next:
Time Zone On this screen you must specify your default time zone. You can specify a time zone in three ways: select one of the geographic regions from the list, select other - offset from GMT, or other - specify time zone file. > To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. Regions [ ] Asia, Western [ ] Australia / New Zealand [ ] Canada [ ] Europe [ ] Mexico [ ] South America [X] United States [ ] other - offset from GMT [ ] other - specify time zone file F2_Continue F6_Help |
23. |
The next two menus will ask you to provide information about your default time zone. First select your region and press F2 to continue. A subsequent menu will appear, asking for specifics about that particular region, as follows: Time Zone > To make a selection, use the arrow keys to highlight the option and press Return to mark it [X]. Time zones [X] Eastern [ ] Central [ ] Mountain [ ] Pacific [ ] East-Indiana [ ] Arizona [ ] Michigan [ ] Samoa [ ] Alaska [ ] Aleutian [ ] Hawaii F2_Continue F5_Cancel F6_Help |
24. |
Make your selection and press F2 to continue. The following menu will appear, asking you to verify the
date and
time: Date and Time > Accept the default date and time or enter new values. Date and time: 2001-11-02 15:14 Year (4 digits) : 2001 Month (1-12) : 11 Day (1-31) : 02 Hour (0-23) : 15 Minute (0-59) : 14 F2_Continue F6_Help |
25. |
Modify the time as required and press F2 to continue. The following confirmation screen will display: Confirm Information
> Confirm the following information. If it is correct, press F2; to change any
information, press F4.
System part of a subnet: No
Time zone: United States / Michigan
(US/Michigan)
Date and time: 2001-11-02 15:14:00
F2_Continue F4_Change F6_Help |
26. |
If everything is correct, press F2 to continue. The system identification portion of the installation is complete, and you’ll see the following messages displayed on the screen:
System identification is completed. System identification complete. Generating software table of contents [this may take a few minutes...] Table of contents complete. Starting Solaris installation program... Executing JumpStart preinstall phase... Searching for SolStart directory... Checking rules.ok file... Using begin script: install_begin Using finish script: patch_finish Executing SolStart preinstall phase... Executing begin script "install_begin"... Begin script install_begin execution completed. |
27. |
Following the system identification portion of the installation, you’ll see the following dialog
displayed: Solaris Interactive Installation: This system is upgradeable, so there are two ways to install the Solaris software. The Upgrade option updates the Solaris software to the new release, saving as many modifications to the previous version of Solaris software as possible. Back up the system before using the Upgrade option. The Initial option overwrites the system disks with the new version of Solaris software. This option allows you to preserve any existing file systems. Back up any modifications made to the previous version of Solaris software before starting the Initial option. After you select an option and complete the tasks that follow, a summary of your actions will be displayed. If you want to install the system with a Flash archive, select Initial. F2_Upgrade F4_Initial F5_Exit F6_Help Caution All data on the operating system partitions will be lost. These partitions include / (root), /usr, /opt, and /var. |
28. |
The upgrade option is available if you are currently running Solaris 2.6, 7, or 8 and you want to upgrade to Solaris 9. As described earlier in this chapter, the upgrade option preserves all customizations you made in the previous version of Solaris. For this example, I pressed F4 to select the Initial option, which is a complete reinstallation of the software. You’ll see the following dialog:
--Solaris Interactive Installation ------
You'll be using the initial option for installing Solaris software on the system. The
initial option overwrites the system disks when the new Solaris software is installed.
On the following screens, you can accept the defaults or you can customize how Solaris
software will be installed by:
- Selecting the type of Solaris software to install
- Selecting disks to hold software you've selected
- Specifying how file systems are laid out on the disks
After completing these tasks, a summary of your selections (called a profile) will be
displayed. There are two ways to install your Solaris software:
- "Standard" installs your system from a standard Solaris Distribution.
- "Flash" installs your system from one or more Flash Archives.
F2_Standard F3_Go Back F4_Flash F5_Exit F6_Help |
29. |
We will not be doing a Flash install at this time. Select F2 to complete a Standard installation, and the following screen will display:
--Select Geographic Regions ----- Select the geographic regions for which support should be installed. > [ ] Middle East > [ ] Australia > [ ] Asia > [ ] Eastern Europe > [ ] Northern Europe > [ ] Western Europe > [ ] North America > [ ] Southern Europe > [ ] South America > [ ] Central America > [ ] Central Europe > [ ] Northern Africa Move left, right, up, down using the arrow keys F2_Continue F3_Go Back F5_Exit F6_Help |
30. |
Select the geographical regions for which support should be installed, such as Asia, Eastern Europe, and so on. If you want to select a language other than English, select it here and then press F2 to continue. |
31. |
You’ll be asked if you want to install the Solaris 64-bit packages on this system. If your system is an UltraSparc (sun4u) system and it supports the 64-bit architecture, select this option to install the Solaris 64-bit packages on this system and then press F2 to continue. You’ll see the following dialog:
Select Software Select the Solaris software to install on the system. NOTE: After selecting a software group, you can add or remove software by customizing it. However, this requires understanding of software dependencies and how Solaris software is packaged. The software groups displaying 64-bit contain 64-bit support. [ ] Entire Distribution plus OEM support 64-bit 1915.00 MB [X] Entire Distribution 64-bit ................. 1880.00 MB [ ] Developer System Support 64-bit ............ 1707.00 MB [ ] End User System Support 64-bit ............. 1265.00 MB (F4 to Customize) [ ] Core System Support 64-bit ................. 674.0 MB F2_Continue F3_Go Back F4_Allocate F5_Exit F6_Help |
32. |
Select the software group you want to install and press F2. For a server, I recommend selecting the Entire Distribution software group so that everything gets loaded. Note I always select the entire distribution on a server because it’s frustrating to have to go back and install another package later, especially on a server supporting many users. Sometimes the Entire Distribution software group is not installed because of a lack of disk space. With disk space as inexpensive as it is today, add a larger disk and install the entire distribution. Select Disks:
On this screen you must select the disks for installing Solaris software.
Start by looking at the Suggested Minimum field; this value is the
approximate space needed to install the software you've selected. Keep
selecting disks until the Total Selected value exceeds the Suggested Minimum
value.
Disk Device (Size) Available Space
=============================================
[X] c0t0d0 (4102 MB) boot disk 4102 MB (F4 to edit)
Total Selected: 4102 MB
Suggested Minimum: 1163 MB
F2_Continue F3_Go Back F4_Edit F5_Exit F6_Help |
33. |
Select your disks and press F2. You’ll then see the following dialog:
Preserve Data?
Do you want to preserve existing data? At least one of the disks you've selected for
installing Solaris software has file systems or unnamed slices that you may want to
save.
F2_Continue F3_Go Back F4_Preserve F5_Exit F6_Help |
34. |
Press F2 and the
data on all file systems is erased. You’ll then see the following dialog:
Automatically Layout File Systems?
Do you want to use auto-layout to automatically layout file systems? Manually
laying out file systems requires advanced system administration skills.
F2_Auto Layout F3_Go Back F4_Manual Layout F5_Exit F6_Help |
35. |
Press F2. The system automatically lays out the file systems. Sizes are determined by the software packages you selected. If you plan to add additional software, you can modify the file system sizes in later steps. You’ll next see the following dialog:
Automatically Layout File Systems
On this screen you must select all the file systems you want auto-layout to create, or
accept the default file systems shown.
NOTE: For small disks, it may be necessary for auto-layout to break up some of the file
systems you request into smaller file systems to fit the available disk space. So, after
auto-layout completes, you may find file systems in the layout that you did not select
from the list below.
File Systems for Auto-layout
========================================
[X] /
[ ] /opt
[ ] /usr
[ ] /usr/openwin
[ ] /var
[X] swap
F2_Continue F5_Cancel F6_Help |
36. |
Make your selection(s) and press F2.
Note I recommend adding /usr, /var, and /opt as separate file systems. /usr provides a separate file system for most of the Solaris binary files. /var allows space for system log files, spooled software packages, and many other things that can take up a large amount of disk space. It’s not recommended that you make /var part of the root file system. /usr and /opt will provide space for additional software packages that you will add later. Again, it’s not recommended that /opt and /usr be part of the root file system. File System and Disk Layout The summary below is your current file system and disk layout, based on the information you've supplied. NOTE: If you choose to customize, you should understand file systems, their intended purpose on the disk, and how changing them may affect the operation of the system. File system/Mount point Disk/Slice Size ============================================================= / c0t0d0s0 117 MB /var c0t0d0s1 40 MB overlap c0t0d0s2 4102 MB swap c0t0d0s3 589 MB /opt c0t0d0s5 25 MB /usr c0t0d0s6 1438 MB /export/home c0t0d0s7 1891 MB F2_Continue F3_Go Back F4_Customize F5_Exit F6_Help |
37. |
At this point, you can further customize the slice sizes by pressing F4. You’ll then be given a menu to select new sizes for each partition. I’m going to change a few partition sizes, so I’m going to press F4. The following menu displays:
Customize Disk: c0t0d0
Boot Device: c0t0d0s0
====================================
Slice Mount Point Size (MB)
0 / 117
1 /var 40
2 overlap 4102
3 swap 589
4 0
5 /opt 25
6 /usr 1438
/export/home 1891
======================================
Capacity: 4102 MB
Allocated: 4100 MB
Rounding Error: 2 MB
Free: 0 MB |
38. |
I begin by decreasing
the size of /export/home to 1,123 MB. Then I’ll increase / to 150MB. I’ll allocate 300MB to /var and 200MB to /opt. I’m then going to add another partition called /data and make it 300MB. When you’re satisfied with the way the slices are sized, press F2 to continue. The following dialog will display:
File System and Disk Layout
The summary below is your current file system and disk layout, based on the information
you've supplied.
NOTE: If you choose to customize, you should understand file systems, their intended
purpose on the disk, and how changing them may affect the operation of the system.
File system/Mount point Disk/Slice Size
=============================================================
/ c0t0d0s0 150 MB
/var c0t0d0s1 300 MB
overlap c0t0d0s2 4102 MB
swap c0t0d0s3 589 MB
/data c0t0d0s4 300 MB
/opt c0t0d0s5 200 MB
/ usr c0t0d0s6 1438 MB
/export/home c0t0d0s7 1123 MB
F2_Continue F3_Go Back F4_Customize F5_Exit F6_Help |
39. |
Double-check your selections and press F2 when you’re ready to go to the next step. This is a good time to verify all of your selections. Make sure swap is adequate for the type of server you are installing. It seems you can never be too large on swap space or the /var, /opt, and /usr file systems. In other words, err on the side of being too large, not too small.
Note Sun recommends adding 30% to each file system that you create to enable you to upgrade to future Solaris versions. In the past, each new Solaris release has required approximately 10% more disk space than the previous release. By allowing 30% extra space, you can upgrade several times before you need to increase partition sizes. Also it’s difficult to estimate your swap requirements on a server. These servers can run for months without a reboot and might be supporting several database applications or users. Again, allocate ample swap—no less than twice the amount of RAM. System performance will not be degraded if you allocate too much swap space. Too much swap space will simply waste disk space. Disk space is cheap, however, compared to the cost of running out of swap and crashing an application during peak production times. When you’re satisfied with your selections, press F2 and the following dialog will display: Mount Remote File Systems? Do you want to mount software from a remote file server? This may be necessary if you had to remove software because of disk space problems. F2_Continue F3_Go Back F4_Remote Mounts F5_Exit F6_Help |
40. |
Press F2 to continue, unless you want to set up remote mounts. Note I usually wait until after the initial software installation to set up these mounts. Many times, the system is not connected to a production network at this point, so the mount points are unavailable. It’s also a personal preference to save this task for the postinstallation phase, when I set up users, printers, and so on. I have a checklist of all the things I need to do after software installation, and setting up mount points is one of them. Profile
The information shown below is your profile for installing Solaris software.
It reflects the choices you've made on previous screens.
==================================================================
Installation Option: Initial
Boot Device: c0t0d0
Client Services: None
Software: Solaris 9, Entire Distribution 64-bit
File System and Disk Layout: / c0t0d0s0 150 MB
/var c0t0d0s1 300 MB
swap c0t0d0s3 589 MB
/data c0t0d0s4 300 MB
/opt c0t0d0s5 200 MB
/usr c0t0d0s6 1438 MB
/export/home c0t0d0s7 1123 MB
F2_Continue F4_Change F5_Exit F6_Help |
41. |
Verify the information and press F2 if you agree. Note Partition sizes and disk space requirements were discussed earlier in this chapter. Review the sections titled “Software Groups” and “Disk Storage” if you are unsure of the partitions and sizes that have been set up by the installation program. Reboot After Installation?
After Solaris software is installed, the system must be rebooted. You can choose to
have the system automatically reboot, or you can choose to manually reboot the system
if you want to run scripts or do other customizations before the reboot. You can
manually reboot a system by using the reboot(1M) command.
[X] Auto Reboot
[ ] Manual Reboot
F2_Begin Installation F5_Cancel |
42. |
Make your selection and press F2 to begin the installation. This completes the interactive installation. You’ll see the following dialog as the software is being installed:
Preparing system for Solaris install
Configuring disk (c0t0d0)
- Creating Solaris disk label (VTOC)
Creating and checking UFS file systems
- Creating / (c0t0d0s0)
- Creating /var (c0t0d0s1)
- Creating /data (c0t0d0s4)
- Creating /opt (c0t0d0s5)
- Creating /usr (c0t0d0s6)
- Creating /export/home (c0t0d0s7)
Beginning Solaris software installation
Solaris Initial Install
MBytes Installed: 1.00
MBytes Remaining: 810.55 A meter will appear at the bottom of the screen, showing the progress of the installation. When it reaches 100%, the system will prompt you for a password with the following message: On this screen you can create a root password. A root password can contain any number of characters, but only the first eight characters in the password are significant. (For example, if you create 'a1b2c3d4e5f6' as your root password, you can use 'a1b2c3d4' to gain root access.) You will be prompted to type the root password twice; for security, the password will not be displayed on the screen as you type it. > If you do not want a root password, press Enter twice. Root password: Press Enter to continue. |
43. |
Enter your root password. You’ll see another message, as follows: System identification is completed. =============================================================== This system is configured to conserve energy. =============================================================== After 30 minutes of idle time on this system, your system state will automatically be saved to disk, and the system will power-off. Later, when you want to use the system again, and you turn the power back on, your system will be restored to its previous state, including all the programs that you were running. Do you want this automatic power-saving shutdown? (If this system is used as a server, answer n) [y,n,?] |
44. | |
45. |
Answer n to this question. After pressing Return, the system will continue the boot process, and the following screen will appear: Please specify the media from which you will install Solaris 9 Software 2 of 2 (SPARC Platform Edition). Alternatively, choose the selection for "Skip" to skip this disc and go on to the next one. Media: 1. CD/DVD 2. Network File System 3. Skip In this example, I’ll be installing from a CD-ROM, so I’ll answer 1 and press Return. The CD-ROM currently in the CD-ROM drive will be ejected, and the following message will appear: Please insert the CD/DVD for Solaris 9 Software 2 of 2 (SPARC Platform Edition). After you insert the disc, please press Enter. Enter S to skip this disc and go on to the next one. To select a different media, enter B to go Back. [] |
46. |
Insert the Solaris 9 Software CD-ROM number 2 of 2 and press the Return key to continue. The following message will display:
Reading Solaris 9 Software 2 of 2 (SPARC Platform Edition).... Launching installer for Solaris 9 Software 2 of 2 (SPARC Platform Edition). Please Wait... Installing Solaris 9 packages (part 2) The installation will continue by extracting software from this CD-ROM. When the process of copying files is complete, the following message will display: Installation details:
Product Result More Info
1. Solaris 9 Software 2 Installed Available
2. Done
Enter the number corresponding to the desired selection for more
information, or enter 2 to continue [2]: Press 2 and then the Return key to continue. You’ll see this message: <Press Return to reboot the system> |
Note
If you do not install products from the Solaris 2 of 2 CD-ROM, you’ll be missing some of the key components. During an installation, I once selected Done by mistake and did not load the second CD-ROM. To load the second CD-ROM after the installation, you can insert the CD-ROM into the CD-ROM player, change to the /cdrom/cdrom0 directory, and run the installer as follows:
cd /cdrom/cdrom0 ./installer
A Solaris install window will appear, and you’ll be prompted to select the software products you want to install.
This completes the installation of the Solaris operating system.
Configuring Power Management
Two methods of power management are available on Sun Ultra systems: device power management and suspend-resume. Both are designed to reduce power consumption.
Device Power Management automatically reduces the amount of power used by individual devices when they are not in demand to perform some function. Disk drives, monitors, adapters, and even CPUs can provide this power-saving feature. The effect of device power management is transparent to the computer user. The overall system is still in operation and is able to respond to requests for service from devices. Those devices are able to power up for full service within seconds when needed. The exact nature of the power-saving mode that your system goes into depends on your hardware and its compliance with the Energy Star specification.
Suspend-Resume is a timesaving feature that enables you to turn off the power to your system without losing the state of your current activities. When you use this feature, your workspace and files are preserved when the system is powered off and are restored to the same state when the system is powered on.
The Suspend-Resume function can be set up during the installation process. If you recall, you were asked:
Do you want this automatic power-saving shutdown? (If this system is used as a server, answer n) [y,n,?]
On a server, we always answer n. On a workstation, it’s okay to use the Suspend-Resume function. Users will be accessing these servers at any time during a 24-hour period. If the system is in a suspended mode, users will not be able to access the server without physically pressing the Power On button on the server. If you accidentally answer yes and configure the power-saving option, you can disable it by performing the following steps:
1. |
The easiest way to disable power management is to use the power management tool, dtpower, a GUI tool available in the common desktop environment. Get to the Power Manager tool by clicking on the Desktop Controls option in the front panel pop-up menu, as shown in Figure 6.1. Figure 6.1. The front panel pop-up menu.
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2. |
In the Application Manager window, click the
Power Manager icon
(see Figure 6.2). Figure 6.2. The Power Manager icon.
The Power Manager tool will appear, as shown in Figure 6.3. Figure 6.3. The Power Manager tool.
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3. |
Click the Customized button in the Power Manager tool. A pull-down
menu will appear, as shown in Figure 6.4. Figure 6.4. The Power Management pull-down menu.
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4. |
The other method of disabling power management is from the command line. You can permanently disable the startup script from the /etc/rc2.d directory, as follows:
mv /etc/rc2.d/S85power /etc/rc2.d/s85power
A third way to disable power management is by adjusting the /etc/power.conf file so that the Behavior field is changed from shutdown to noshutdown. The following is what the /etc/power.conf file looks like on a system that has power management configured:
more /etc/power.conf # Copyright (c) 1996 - 2001 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. # All rights reserved. # #pragma ident "@(#)power.conf 1.16 01/03/19 SMI" # # Power Management Configuration File # # This entry keeps removable media from being powered down unless the # console framebuffer and monitor are powered down # (See removable-media(9P)) device-dependency-property removable-media /dev/fb autopm default # Auto-Shutdown Idle(min) Start/Finish(hh:mm) Behavior autoshutdown 60 17:00 7:00 shutdown statefile /export/home/.CPR
In this example, power management is configured to autoshutdown the system when it has been idle for 60 minutes anytime between the time of 5:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. To disable autoshutdown, change the following lines in the /etc/power.conf file:
# Auto-Shutdown Idle(min) Start/Finish(hh:mm) Behavior autoshutdown 60 17:00 7:00 noshutdown
shutdown has been changed to noshutdown.