Homebrew is an excellent package manager for macOS that allows us to install most of the tools we will use out of the box. Homebrew is as simple as pasting the following command in Terminal and running it:

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

You'll see messages in Terminal that will walk you through the installation process. Once that's complete, you'll need to install an extension for Homebrew called Homebrew-Cask that allows you to install macOS applications without having to download the installer, mount it, and drag the application into the Applications folder. You can install this by running the following command:

brew tap caskroom/cask

That's it! You're now able to install applications by running either of these commands:

# For command line tools:
brew install <Tool Name>

# For desktop applications:
brew cask install <Application Name>