ABSTRACT
Early in the 20th century, our world was small and closed with boundaries. And, there were
no appreciable changes. erefore, we could foresee the future. ese days, however, we could
apply mathematical rationality and solve problems without any difficulty.
As our world began to expand rapidly and boundaries disappeared, the problem of
bounded rationality emerged. Engineeres put forth tremendous effort to overcome this diffi-
culty and succeeded in expanding the bounds of mathematical rationality, thereby establishing
the “Controllable World.”
However, our world continues to expand. erefore such an approach can no longer be
applied. We have no other choice than “satisficing” (Herbert A. Simon’s word, Satisfy + Suf-
fice [2]).
is expanding open world brought us frequent and extensive changes which are unpre-
dictable and diversification and personalization of customer expectations. To cope with these
situations, we need diverse knowledge and experience. us, to satisfy our customers, we need
teamwork.
ese changes of environments and situations transformed the meaning of value. It used
to mean excellent functions and exact reproducibility. Now, it means how good and flexible we
can be to adapt to the situations. us, adaptability is the value today.
Although these changes were big, and we needed to re-define value, a greater shift in
engineering is now emerging. e Internet of ings (IoT) brought us the “Connected Society,”
where things are connected. ings include not only products, but also humans.
As changes are so frequent and extensive, only users know what is happening right now.
us, the user in this Connected Society needs to be a playing manager—he or she should manage
to control the product-human team on the pitch.
Moreover, this Connected Society will bring us another big shift in engineering. Engi-
neering in this framework will become Social Networking, with engineering no longer devel-
oping individual products and managing team products.
e Internet works two ways between the sender and the receiver. Our engineering has
ever been only one way. us, how we establish a social networking framework for engineering
is a big challenge facing us today. is will change our engineering. Engineers are expected to
develop not only products, but also such dream society.
is book discusses these issues and points out that New Horizons are emerging before
us. It is hoped that this book helps readers explore and establish their own New Worlds.
KEYWORDS
value rational design, perception, intrinsic motivation, holistic approach, atmo-
sphere, psychological flow