Windows networks
administrative shares, 849
alternative IP addresses, 866-868
domain networking, 844
drive mapping, 847
file sharing, 846
HomeGroup networks, 842-846, 850
printer mapping, 850
printer sharing, 849
proxy servers, 855
Remote Assistance, 857
Remote Desktop, 857
VPN connections, 851
Windows 7 network locations, 859-860
Windows 8/8.1 network locations, 860
wired connections, 854
wireless connections, 854
workgroup networks, 840-841, 845
WWAN (cellular) connections, 855
wired networks, displaying connections via ifconfig command (Linux/OS X), 945
wireless networks
displaying connections via iwconfig command (Linux/OS X), 945
New Simple Volume (Disk Management), 777
NFC (Near Field Communication), mobile devices, 552
NIC (Network Interface Cards), 868
BIOS, 872
duplex settings, 869
gigabit NIC, 314
half duplex/full duplex/auto settings, 869
QoS, 869
speed settings, 869
no power, troubleshooting, 577-578
non-compliant systems, 1027
North Bridge chips (chipsets), 78-79
NSLOOKUP command, network troubleshooting, 627, 633
NTFS (New Technology File System), 714-715, 1040
num lock indicator lights (mobile devices), troubleshooting, 638
NVIDIA SLI, multi-GPU configuration, 133
O
ODBC Data Sources, 769
OK Google. See virtual assistants
OLED (Organic LED) displays
custom PC configurations, 352
laptops, 541
on-demand (cloud computing), 969
Onboard Audio, BIOS configuration, 35
OneDrive cloud storage (Windows), 688-689
online resources, help/support websites, 22
open-source OS. See Android
open source software, 901, 902
operational procedures
communication methods/professionalism
active listening, 906
attitude/confidence, 906
avoiding distractions, 907
cultural sensitivity, 907
customer confidential/private materials, 908
customer expectations, 908
difficult customers/situations, 907-908
proper language, 906
punctuality, 907
end-user policies, 905
environmental controls
air filtration enclosures, 896
battery backup (UPS) units, 897-898
blackouts/browncoats, 898
blackouts/brownouts, 897
compressed air systems, 896
dust/debris, 896
humidity, 896
power surges and surge suppressors, 897-898
sags, 898
temperature, 896
vacuum systems, 896
ventilation, 896
licensing software, 900
commercial licenses, 902
DRM, 901
enterprise licenses, 903
EULA, 901
personal licenses, 903
personal safety
cable management, 893
disconnecting power, 891
electrical fire safety, 892
goggles, 893
lifting techniques, 892
local government regulations, 894
removing jewelry, 891
weight limitations, 892
prohibited content/activity, addressing
chain of custody, 900
documentation, 900
first response, 899
incident responses, 899
safety
component handling/storage, 884-889
security best practices, 905
toxic waste, handling, 889
LCD-CCFL displays, 891
recycling batteries, 890
recycling CRT displays, 891
recycling toner, 890
optical drives
BDXL drives, 164
drive speeds, 164
laptops, replacing in, 521-524
orientation
printing, 401
screen, 988
OS (Operating Systems). See also Android; iOS; Linux; mobile OS; OS X; Windows
certifications, 16
defining, 15
installing, 602
PnP OS, 36
standard thick client configurations, 312
TCP/IP, 414
thin client configurations, 312
OS X, 21
Ad-Hoc wireless networks and device sharing, 411
App Store, system updates, 924
Apple Help and Support website, 22
BIOS, configuration programs, 33
commands, 940
apt-get command, 946
cd command, 942
chmod command, 944
chown command, 944
cp command, 943
dd command, 946
grep command, 941
ifconfig command, 945
iwconfig command, 945
ls command, 941
mv command, 943
passwd command, 943
ps command, 945
pwd command, 943
rm command, 943
shutdown command, 942
su command, 946
sudo command, 946
vi command, 946
Disk Utility
disk maintenance, 931
image recovery, 931
Dock, 939
Finder, 938
gestures/touches, 938
Keychain, 938
maintenance, best practices, 922-923, 926-929
Mission Control feature, 936
multifunction devices
configuring, 406
installing, 400
optical discs, burning, 168
printers
configuring, 403
Remote Disc, 939
screen sharing, 933
sound cards, 129
Spotlight feature, 936
Terminal, 1134
Time Machine backups, 926, 930-931
troubleshooting
boot failures, 1088
kernel panic, 1090-1091, 1097-1098
multiple monitor misalignment/orientation, 1101-1102
service startup failures, 1093
system performance, 1095
uninstall/reinstall/repair tools, 1116
USB drives, 188
Windows OS, installing on Mac OS, 940
over-the-air digital TV, antennas, 435
overclocking
motherboards, 572
troubleshooting, 571
overheating, troubleshooting
chipsets, 597
dust/dirt, 581
hard disks, 597
mobile devices, 641
overloading, 578
power supplies, 570
video/displays, 615
overloading, troubleshooting, 578
oversized images/icons, troubleshooting, 620-621
overwriting data, security, 1058
P
PaaS (Platform as a Service), 967-968
PAN (Personal Area Networks), 481
paper (printers)
troubleshooting
creased paper, 647
paper not feeding, 647
toner not fusing to paper, 647
paper separation pads, laser printers, 370
parallel ports
BIOS configuration, 35
loopback plugs, 594
parental controls/content filtering, SOHO network security, 1065
parity checking and memory, 105-106
parity storage spaces, 783
partitioning
Disk Management
Extend Volume, 778
Shrink Volume, 778
splitting partitions, 779
hard drives, troubleshooting, 598
Windows, 707
basic disks, 710
creating partitions during installation, 710-711
dynamic disks, 710
extended partitions, 708
factory recovery partitions, 723
overview of, 708
primary partitions, 708
passcodes, mobile devices, 1050
passive heat sinks, CPU, 235
passwd command (Linux/OS X), 943
password locks, laptops, 548
passwords
BIOS/UEFI, 1046
changing, SOHO network security, 1063
digital security, 1034
Keychain (OS X), 938
passwd command (Linux/OS X), 943
physical security, 1030
screensavers, 1045
setup passwords, BIOS configuration, 36
user/power-on passwords, BIOS configuration, 36
workstation security, 1045-1047
PATA, troubleshooting hard drives, 603-605
patch panels, 484
patches
management (Linux), 925
mobile devices, 1053
workstation security, 1049
paths (hard drives), Change Drive Letters and Paths (Disk Management), 780-781
payment services (mobile), smartphones, 997
PC
custom configurations
analog displays, 357
audio/video editing workstations, 304-306
Belarc System Advisor, 314
biometric devices, 337
BIOS/UEFI setup, 314
camcorders, 343
Device Manager utility, 314
digital displays, 357
digitizers, 338
graphic/CAD/CAM design workstations, 302-303
keyboards, 335
KVM switches, 346
mice (pointing devices), 333-334
MIDI-enabled devices, 348
motion sensors, 338
OLED displays, 352
plasma displays, 350
processor information/virtualization readiness, 316-317
scanners, 336
SiSoftware Sandra, 315
smart card readers, 339
smart TV, 346
speakers, 344
standard thick clients, 311
System Information utility, 314
thin clients, 312
touch pads, 339
touchscreens, 345
virtualization workstations, 306-307
security, 1134
PC Health. See Hardware Monitor
PCI slots, motherboards, 72, 75, 126
PCI-X slots, motherboards, 73-76
PCIe (PCI Express) slots, motherboards, 73-76, 126
PDF, virtual printers printing to PDF, 393-394
penlights, 18
Performance Monitor, 763
Performance tab (Task Manager), 771
performance, troubleshooting
networks, 625
OS X, 1095
Windows, 1094
permissions
directory permissions, 1035
file permissions
changing via chmod command (Linux/OS X), 944
sharing files (Windows), 1041-1042
security permissions, 1038
share permissions, Windows
NTFS versus, 1040
personal files/data, troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1122
personal information. See PII
personal safety
cable management, 893
disconnecting power, 891
electrical fire safety, 892
goggles, 893
lifting techniques, 892
local government regulations, complying with, 894
removing jewelry, 891
weight limitations, 892
personal software licenses, 903
phablets, 551
phase-change material/thermal paste, CPU, 232-234
Phillips screwdrivers, 18
photo printers (dye-sublimation), 387
physical security
cable locks, 1030
documents, 1030
entry control rosters, 1032
ID badges, 1030
key fobs, 1031
lock doors, 1029
mantraps, 1029
passwords, 1030
privacy filters, 1032
RFID badges, 1031
shredding documents, 1030
smart cards, 1031
SOHO networks, 1066
tokens, 1032
pickup rollers, laser printers, 370
Pico-ITX motherboards, 72
PII (Personally Identifiable Information), 903-904
pin wheels, troubleshooting, 588, 603, 1081-1082
PING command, network troubleshooting, 627-628
pinning programs to Taskbar (Windows), 688
custom PC configurations, 350
troubleshooting, 620
plastics/frames, replacing in laptops, 533-534
plenum cabling, 435
PnP OS (Plug-and-Play)
BIOS configuration, 36
network cards, 135
PoE (Power over Ethernet), 487
pointer drift (mobile devices), troubleshooting, 637
pointing devices (mice)
Bluetooth mice, pairing, 333-334
custom PC configurations, 333-334
KVM switches, 346
laptops, 10
PS/2 ports, 287
POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3), 454, 1006-1008
portrait orientation (printing), 401
port triggering, SOHO wired/wireless routers, 466
audio ports, BIOS configuration, 44
Ethernet ports, BIOS configuration, 44
forwarding
SOHO network security, 1065
SOHO wired/wireless routers, 465
legacy ports, BIOS configuration, 46
MiniUSB ports, Android OS, 553
mobile devices, proprietary vendor-specific ports, 552
parallel ports
BIOS configuration, 35
loopback plugs, 594
rear panel port clusters, 254
SATA ports, BIOS configuration, 42-43
serial ports
BIOS configuration, 35
loopback plugs, 594
smartphones, 11
tablets, 11
video ports
BNC coaxial connectors, 274, 281
component connectors, 274
composite connectors, 274, 280
DisplayPort connectors, 274, 277-278
DVI connectors, 274-279, 282-283
HDMI connectors, 273, 276-279, 282-283
Mini-DIN-6 connectors, 280
RCA connectors, 279
S-video (Mini-DIN-4) connectors, 274, 279
VGA connectors, 273-277, 282-284
POST code beeps, troubleshooting, 572-573
POST error messages, troubleshooting, 573-574
power adapter ports. See DC jacks
power connectors, motherboards, 80
power drain, troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1121
power management, BIOS configuration, 36, 46
power outages, troubleshooting, 577-578
power supplies
80 PLUS certification standard, 322
amperage versus wattage, 320
autoswitching power supplies, 323
battery backup (UPS) units, 897-898
custom PC configurations, 317
calculating power supply requirements, 321-322
multivoltage power supplies, 322
disconnecting, 323, 328-331, 891
ESD, 519
installing, 332
multivoltage power supplies, custom PC configurations, 322
negative pressure cooling, 581
recycling batteries, 890
safety certifications, 320
troubleshooting
BIOS time/settings resets, 575-576
dust/dirt, 581
failures, 570
loud noises, 583
overloading, 578
step-by-step procedure, 585-586
turning on/off, 323
wattage versus amperage, 320
Windows
Balanced power plan, 819
changing power plans, 820
Hibernate option, 818
High Performance power plan, 819
Power Saver power plan, 819
Sleep/Suspend/Standby option, 818
power surges and surge suppressors, 897-898
power user accounts (Windows), 1040
PRI (Primary Rate Interface)
ISDN Internet connections, 479
updating mobile devices, 1008
Primary VGA BIOS, 36
principle of least privilege (security), 1038
print servers, 970
print spoolers, 657
printers. See also multifunction devices
card readers, 182
collating, 401
Devices and Printers folder (Control Panel), 822
device sharing
Ad-Hoc wireless networks, 411-412
Bluetooth, 410
Wi-Fi, 410
wireless-hosted networks, 412
duplex (double-sided) printing, 401
hard drive caching, 416
impact printers, 388
components of, 389
dot-matrix print heads, 390-391
faded prints, 647
impact print process, 389
labels, 391
streaks, 646
inkjet printers, 378
business card stock, 381
cleaning, 380
components of, 378
faded prints, 646
inkjet printing process, 379-381
labels, 381
replacing ink cartridges, 381-382
streaks, 645
transparency media, 381
turning on/off, 380
landscape orientation, 401
cleaning, 377
color laser printers, 374, 377
components of, 370
copier media, 378
faded prints, 646
ghost images, 647
inkjet media, 378
labels, 375
laser imaging process, 371-374
streaks, 645
toner cartridges, 370-371, 376
toner not fusing to paper, 647
transparency media, 378
maintenance tools, 20
orientation, 401
photo printers (dye-sublimation), 387
portrait orientation, 401
Print Management, 768
recycling toner, 890
thermal printers, 385
faded prints, 647
maintenance, 388
ribbons, 385
streaks, 646
thermal feed assembly, 385
thermal print process, 386
troubleshooting
access denied messages, 653
backed-up print queues, 650-651
color prints in wrong print color, 653
connectivity issues, 649
creased paper, 647
garbled characters on paper, 649
ghost images, 647
no image on printer display, 657
paper not feeding, 647
printer installations, 654
printer will not print, 653
printing blank pages, 657
toner not fusing to paper, 647
vertical lines on page, 649-650
virtual printers
print to image in Linux, 395
print to image in OS X, 395
print to image in Windows, 394
print to PDF in Linux, 394
print to PDF in OS X, 394
print to PDF/XPS in Windows, 393
privacy
cloud computing, 968
data privacy and printers, 415-416
filters
displays, 358
physical security, 1032
private/public IPv4 addresses, 440
PRL (Preferred Roaming Lists), updating mobile devices, 1008
processes (current), listing via iwconfig command (Linux/OS X), 945
Processes tab (Task Manager), 771
processors
AMD processors
32/64-bit architectures, 211
APU graphics, 214
cores, 208
EDB, 214
fanless cooling systems, 235
integrated GPU, 214
liquid-based cooling systems, 234
passive heat sinks, 235
phase-change material/thermal paste, 232-234
Socket FM2+, 230
socket quick reference chart, 215
speeds, 206
ZIF sockets, 240
BIOS configuration, 48
custom PC configurations, 316-317
gaming PC, 308
Intel processors
32/64-bit architectures, 211
code names, 218
cores, 208
fanless cooling systems, 235
Hyper-Threading (HT Technology), 210
LGA 775 sockets, 219
LGA 1151 sockets, 224
LGA 1366 sockets, 220
LGA 2011 sockets, 216, 223-224
LGA sockets, 216
liquid-based cooling systems, 234
passive heat sinks, 235
phase-change material/thermal paste, 232-234
socket quick reference chart, 215
speeds, 206
multicore processors
audio/video editing workstations, 304
graphic/CAD/CAM design workstations, 302
SLAT, 964
troubleshooting beep codes, 573
Windows, 674
professionalism in communication, 906
active listening, 906
attitude/confidence, 906
avoiding distractions, 907
cultural sensitivity, 907
proper language, 906
punctuality, 907
Programs and Features (Control Panel), 821-822
prohibited content/activity, addressing
chain of custody, 900
documentation, 900
first response, 899
incident responses, 899
projectors, troubleshooting
burn-ins (ghost images), 619-620
color patterns, 616
dead pixels, 615
dim images, 617
distorted geometery, 618
distorted images, 617
flickering images, 617
no image on screen, 614
overheating, 615
oversized images/icons, 620-621
propagation, file/folder permissions (Windows security), 1041-1042
proper language (communication methods/professionalism), 906
proprietary crash screens, troubleshooting, 588, 603, 1078
protective covers/waterproofing, mobile devices, 555
ps command (Linux/OS X), 945
public cloud computing, 968
public/private IPv4 addresses, 440
punch down tools, 20, 489, 627
punctuality (communication methods/professionalism), 907
PVC cabling, 435
pwd command (Linux/OS X), 943
PXE (Preboot eXecution Environment) boot method, Windows bootup, 698
Q
QoS (Quality of Service)
NIC, 869
SOHO wired/wireless routers, 468
quad-channel RAM configurations, 111
quiet boot, BIOS configuration, 36
quitting, Force Quit feature, 934-935
R
radio firmware and mobile OS, 1009
radio power levels, wireless network security, 1062
RAID arrays
home server PC configurations, 314
motherboards, 602
SOHO RAID arrays, 194
RAM (Random Access Memory), 99
audio/video editing workstations, 305
buffered (registered) memory, 107
dual-channel configurations, 109
ECC, 106
graphic/CAD/CAM design workstations, 303
quad-channel configurations, 111
RAM sockets, motherboards, 76-77
SDRAM, 102
single-channel configurations, 109
SRAM, 102
triple-channel configurations, 110
virtualization workstations, 306
Windows, 674
ransomware, 1024
rapid elasticity (cloud computing), 969
RAW photos, 341
RCA video connectors, 279
RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol), 456
read/write failures, troubleshooting, 596-597
rear panel (motherboards), port clusters, 254
reboots (continuous), troubleshooting, 577
Recovery Console (Windows XP), 1134
Recycle Bin, 606
recycled toner cartridges, 371
recycling/repurposing data
low-level format versus standard format, 1058
overwriting data, 1058
wiping hard drives, 1058
Refresh and Reset options (Windows 8/8.1/10), 723-724, 1134
refresh rates (displays/video), 356-357
registered (buffered) memory, 107
Registry
backups before editing, 790
making changes to Registry by importing text files, 789-790
REGSVR32, 1110
relative paths (folders/directories), 745
Remote Assistance, Windows networks, 857
remote backups, mobile device security, 1052
Remote Desktop
Windows networks, 857
Remote Disc (Mac OS), 939
remote wipe programs (mobile devices), 1051
removable-media devices and FORMAT command, 746
removable/rotating screens, laptops, 549
removing devices with Device Manager, 762-763
repair discs (Windows), 1108
repairing laptops, best practices, 516-517
repeaters, 485
resets
system resets, troubleshooting
soft resets, 1118
resolution (displays/video), 352-356
resource pooling (cloud computing), 969
restarts, troubleshooting
Windows, 1089
restores
System Restore
best practices, 803
enabling/disabling, 803
RF signals, troubleshooting, 626
RFID badges (physical security), 1031
RG-6 coaxial cabling, 434
RG-59 coaxial cabling, 434
ribbons
thermal printers, 385
riser cabling, 436
riser cards
RJ-11 connectors, TP cabling, 431-432
RJ-11 telephone cords, 475
RJ-45 connectors, TP cabling, 431-432
rm command (Linux/OS X), 943
ROBOCOPY command, 736, 749-750
root access (unauthorized), troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1123
rooting Android, 987
rootkits, 1024
rotating/removable screens, laptops, 549
routers, 483
SOHO wired/wireless routers
channels, 463
DHCP, 467
DMZ, 466
firmware, 468
NAT, 464
port forwarding, 465
port triggering, 466
QoS, 468
UPnP, 468
Wireless-AC routers, MU-MIMO, 626
RSM (Removable Storage Manager), 194
S
S-video (Mini-DIN-4) connectors, 274, 279
S/MIME encryption, email connections, 1008
S1, BIOS configuration, 36
S3 standby, BIOS configuration, 36
SaaS (Software as a Service), 966
Safe mode (Windows), 1096, 1111-1115
safety
component handling/storage, 884-885
antistatic bags, 886
ESD (grounding) straps, 886-887
ESD mats, 888
environmental controls
air filtration enclosures, 896
battery backup (UPS) units, 897-898
compressed air systems, 896
dust/debris, 896
humidity, 896
power surges and surge suppressors, 897-898
sags, 898
temperature, 896
vacuum systems, 896
ventilation, 896
antistatic bags, 886
ESD (grounding) straps, 886-887
ESD mats, 888
personal safety
cable management, 893
complying with local government regulations, 894
disconnecting power, 891
electrical fire safety, 892
goggles, 893
lifting techniques, 892
removing jewelry, 891
weight limitations, 892
toxic waste, handling, 889
recycling batteries, 890
recycling CRT displays, 891
recycling LCD-CCFL displays, 891
recycling toner, 890
sags (voltage), 898
Samsung Galaxy (Android) smartphone, rear view, 13
Samsung Pay. See mobile payment services
SATA (Serial ATA) interfaces, 267-269
hot-swapping, 271
ports, BIOS configuration, 42-43
RAID arrays, creating, 190-194
troubleshooting, 596-600, 603-605
SATA drives
BIOS configuration, 37
SATA Express interfaces, 270
SATA to USB converters, 18
satellite Internet connections, 478-479
scanners, custom PC configurations, 336
Time Machine (Mac OS), 926
scheduled disk maintenance, 923
screens (displays)
analog displays, 357
audio/video editing workstations, 305
CRT displays, recycling, 891
custom PC configurations, 345
digital displays, 357
glare, 358
laptops
digitizers, 543
inverters, 543
microphones, 542
OLED displays, 541
rotating/removable screens, 549
webcams, 542
Wi-Fi antenna connectors, 541
LCD displays
custom PC configurations, 349-350
IPS display panels, 541
IPS displays, 349
LCD-LED displays, 350
LED display panels, 541
replacing in laptops, 529
TN display panels, 541
TN displays, 349
LCD-CCFL displays, 350, 540, 543, 891
multiple displays, troubleshooting
OLED displays
custom PC configurations, 352
laptops, 541
orientation, 988
plasma displays, custom PC configurations, 350
screen locks, mobile devices, 1050-1051
screensavers, 1045
settings, configuring
antiglare filters, 358
brightness/lumens, 358
frame rates, 357
privacy filters, 358
sharing, 933
touchscreens
custom PC configurations, 345
gestures/touches in OS X, 938
troubleshooting
blank screen on bootup, 574-575
burn-ins (ghost images), 619-620
color patterns, 616
dead pixels, 615
distorted geometery, 618
distorted images, 617
flickering images, 617, 634-635
oversized images/icons, 620-621
screw kits, 18
scripts (Windows), 751
SDK (Software Development Kits), 996
SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM), 102
SDS (Safety Data Sheets). See MSDS
SDSL (Synchronous DSL), 470
searches, grep command (Linux/OS X), 941
Secure Boot, 42
security, 1022
antimalware software, 21, 926, 1032-1033, 1053-1134
antivirus software, 21, 926, 1032-1033, 1053
Bluetooth threats, 1028
brute force attacks, 1027
cable/laptop locks, 547
data destruction/disposal, 1056-1057
data recycling/repurposing
low-level format versus standard format, 1058
overwriting data, 1058
wiping hard drives, 1058
dictionary attacks, 1027
digital security
ACL, 1036
directory permissions, 1035
disabling ports, 1036
DLP, 1036
email filtering, 1036
geofencing, 1034
multifactor authentication, 1034
passwords, 1034
smart cards, 1036
trusted/untrusted software sources, 1036
user authentication, 1034
VPN, 1035
embedded systems, 972
encryption
full device encryption, mobile devices, 1054
wireless network security, 1060-1061
Event Viewer (Windows), 1134
firewalls, 484
mobile devices, 1055
SOHO network security, 1064
hard drives, data destruction/disposal, 1057
IDS, 972
IPS, 972
Keychain (OS X), 938
cable/laptop locks, 547
password locks, 548
legacy systems, 972
Local Security Policy, 769
LoJack for Laptops, 51
malware
antimalware software, 21, 926, 1032-1033, 1053-1134
antivirus software, 21, 926, 1032-1033, 1053
defining, 1023
ransomware, 1024
removing, best practices, 1135
rootkits, 1024
spyware, 1023
Trojan horses, 1024
viruses, 1024, 1032-1033, 1134
worms, 1024
MiTM attacks, 1028
mobile devices
antimalware software, 1053
antivirus software, 1053
authenticator applications, 1055
biometrics, 1054
BYOD versus corporate-owned devices, 1055
cameras, 1124
failed logins, 1052
firewalls, 1055
full device encryption, 1054
leaked personal files/data, 1122
locator applications, 1051
microphones, 1124
multifactor authentication, 1054
OS, 1053
passcodes, 1050
patches, 1053
profile requirements, 1056
remote backups, 1052
remote wipe programs, 1051
trusted/untrusted sources, 1055
unauthorized account access, 1123
unauthorized location tracking, 1123-1124
unauthorized root access, 1123
MSCONFIG, 1134
networks, 1058
antenna placement, 1062
AP placement, 1062
changing default SSID, 1059
disabling SSID broadcasts, 1061-1062
radio power levels, 1062
WPS, 1063
non-compliant systems, 1027
OS, mobile devices, 1053
passwords
BIOS configuration, 36
changing, 1063
locks, 548
passwd command (Linux/OS X), 943
patches, mobile devices, 1053
permissions, 1038
phishing attacks, 1024
physical security
cable locks, 1030
documents, 1030
entry control rosters, 1032
ID badges, 1030
key fobs, 1031
lock doors, 1029
mantraps, 1029
passwords, 1030
privacy filters, 1032
RFID badges, 1031
shredding documents, 1030
smart cards, 1031
SOHO networks, 1066
tokens, 1032
printers and data privacy, 415-416
prohibited content/activity, addressing
chain of custody, 900
documentation, 900
first response, 899
incident responses, 899
Recovery Console (Windows XP), 1134
Secure Boot, 51
shoulder surfing, 1026
social engineering attacks, 1026
spear phishing, 1025
SSO authentication and mobile OS, 1012
tailgating, 1028
Terminal (OS X/Linux), 1134
TPM, 51
updates, 1027
usernames, changing, 1063
UTM, 971
virtualization, 965
Windows PE, 1134
Windows security, 1038
administrator accounts, 1039
BitLocker, 1043
BitLocker To Go, 1043
copying files/folders, 1040
file attributes, 1040
guest accounts, 1039
moving files/folders, 1040
NTFS versus share permissions, 1040
power user accounts, 1040
sharing files/folders, 1041-1042
standard user accounts, 1039
system files/folders, 1042
user authentication, 1042
wireless networks
antenna placement, 1062
AP placement, 1062
changing default SSID, 1059
disabling SSID broadcasts, 1061-1062
radio power levels, 1062
WPS, 1063
workstation, 1044
data encryption, 1049
patches, 1049
updates, 1049
zero-day attacks, 1026
zombie/botnet attacks, 1026
separate pads (paper separation pads), laser printers, 370
serial ports
BIOS configuration, 35
loopback plugs, 594
servers
authentication servers, 971
DHCP servers, 970
DNS servers, 970
exchange servers, email connections, 1007
file servers, 970
mail servers, 971
print servers, 970
proxy servers, 970
VM, 962
web servers, 969
service packs, Windows configuration, manually installing packs during, 720-722
Services (Services.msc), 764-765, 788
Services tab (MSCONFIG), 775
services, troubleshooting startup failures, 1092-1093
set-top boxes, custom PC configurations, 347-348
setup passwords, BIOS configuration, 36
SFC (System File Checker), 1105
SFC command, 752
SFC** command, 736
Shadow Copy feature (Windows 7/Vista), 680
shadowing, BIOS configuration, 36
sharing
files/folders (Windows security)
administrative shares, 1041-1042
local shares, 1041
multifunction devices, 408
AirPrint, 415
TCP/IP, 414
Windows, 414
permissions (Windows security)
NTFS versus, 1040
sharing files/folders (Windows security), 1041
printers, 408
Ad-Hoc wireless networks, 411-412
AirPrint, 415
Bluetooth, 410
TCP/IP, 414
Wi-Fi, 410
Windows, 414
wireless-hosted networks, 412
screens, 933
Windows networks, 845
administrative shares, 849
custom file sharing, 846
drive mapping, 847
printer mapping, 850
printer sharing, 849
shorts (dead), troubleshooting, 570
shoulder surfing, 1026
shredding documents, 1030, 1057
SHUTDOWN command, 736, 741-743
shutdown command (Linux/OS X), 942
shutdowns, troubleshooting, 570, 1089
Sidebar (Windows Vista), 678
signal drops/weak signals, troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1121
simple storage spaces, 783
single-channel RAM configurations, 109
single-sided memory modules, 111
Siri. See virtual assistants
SiSoftware Sandra
custom PC configurations, 315
Windows upgrades, 697
site-local IPv6 addressing, 442
Six-Step Troubleshooting Theory (CompTIA), 17
SkyDrive. See OneDrive cloud storage
SLAT (Second-Level Address Translation), 963-964
Sleep/Suspend/Standby option (Windows power options), 818
slow data speeds, troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1121-1122
slow performance, troubleshooting, 597-599
smart cameras, 551
smart card readers
custom PC configurations, 339
laptops, replacing in, 526
smart cards
digital security, 1036
physical security, 1031
smartphones
Apple iPhone 6, 12
Bluetooth, 551
cameras, 11
characteristics of, 550
credit card readers, 556
data synchronization, 1010-1012
docking stations, 555
IMEI, 1009
IMSI, 1009
microSD card slots, 556
microSD cards, 11
mobile payment services, 997
phablets, 551
ports, 11
Samsung Galaxy (Android), rear view, 13
SSO authentication, 1012
storage, 11
tools/equipment, 19
VPN, 1010
WEA, 997
S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Report Technology) errors, troubleshooting, 603-604
smart TV, custom PC configurations, 346
SMB (Server Message Blocks), 455
smoke/burning smells, troubleshooting, 585
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), 454
snapshots, Time Machine (Mac OS), 930-931
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), 458
social engineering attacks, 1026
social media/texting, communication methods/professionalism, 907-908
Socket AM3+ (AMD CPU), 227-228
Socket FM2+ (AMD CPU), 230
SO-DIMM memory, 107-109, 510-511
soft clicking noises, troubleshooting, 599
soft resets, troubleshooting, 1118
software
antimalware software, 21, 926, 1032-1033, 1134
antivirus software, 21, 37, 926, 1032-1033, 1134
apps, defining, 15
data recovery software, 612-613
driver files, 21
importance of understanding, 16
installing/managing packages via apt-get command (Linux/OS X), 946
licensing, 900
commercial licenses, 902
DRM, 901
enterprise licenses, 903
EULA, 901
personal licenses, 903
trusted/untrusted sources, 1036
utility programs, defining, 16
virtualization software, 21
Windows, installing during configuration, 718
SOHO (Small-Office Home-Office) networks
RAID arrays, 194
security, 1058
antenna placement, 1062
AP placement, 1062
changing default SSID, 1059
changing default usernames/passwords, 1063
content filtering/parental controls, 1065
disabling SSID broadcasts, 1061-1062
firewalls, 1064
MAC filtering, 1064
physical security, 1066
port disabling, 1065
port forwarding/mapping, 1065
radio power levels, 1062
static IP addresses, 1064
WPS, 1063
wired/wireless routers
channels, 463
DHCP, 467
DMZ, 466
firmware, 468
NAT, 464
port forwarding, 465
port triggering, 466
QoS, 468
UPnP, 468
sound
headsets, mobile devices, 554
microphones
custom PC configurations, 341-342
laptops, 542
Sound icon (Control Panel), 823
speakers
custom PC configurations, 344
mobile devices, 554
replacing in laptops, 535
surround sound, home theater PC, 310
sound cards
gaming PC, 308
USB audio devices, installing, 128
South Bridge chips (chipsets), 78-79
spanned arrays, 781
SPDIF (digital) audio, 286
speakers
beep codes, 573
custom PC configurations, 344
laptops, replacing in, 535
riser cards, installing, 148-149
troubleshooting, 641
spear phishing, 1025
special function keys, laptops, 544-545
spin rates, hard disk drives, 170-171
splitters, coaxial cabling, 435
splitting partitions (Disk Management), 779
spontaneous shutdowns/restarts (Windows), troubleshooting, 1089
Spotlight feature (Mac OS), 936
spudgers, 19
spyware, 1023
SRAM (Static Random-Access Memory), 102
SSD (Solid-State Drives), 184
eMMC, 186
hybrid drives, 186
SSH (File Transfer Protocol), 453
SSID (Service Set Identifiers)
troubleshooting, 626
wireless network security, 1059-1062
SSL (Secure Socket Layers), 456
SSO (Single Sign-On) authentication, mobile OS, 1012
standard think clients, configuring, 311
standard user accounts (Windows), 1039
Start Screen (Windows 8/8.1), 677-678
startup, troubleshooting
boot failures
OS X, 1088
device startup failures, 1091
service startup failures, 1093
static IP addressing, 444
client-side DHCP settings, 445-446
client-side DNS addresses, 447-450
client-side IP addresses, 447-449
SOHO network security, 1064
TCP/IP
alternate configuration, 446-447
user configured advanced settings, 450
sticking keys, troubleshooting, 635
STOP errors, troubleshooting, 1078-1081, 1089
storage
cloud-based storage, iCloud (OS X), 937-938
antistatic bags, 886
ESD (grounding) straps, 886-887
ESD mats, 888
drives, replacing in laptops, 521-524
flash memory devices and FORMAT command, 746
hard disk drives, 169
areal density, 171
cache size, 171
external drives, 170
OneDrive cloud storage (Windows), 688-689
optical drives
BDXL drives, 164
burning discs in Linux, 168
burning discs in Mac OS X, 168
burning discs in Windows, 165-168
drive speeds, 164
RAID
SOHO RAID arrays, 194
removable-media devices and FORMAT command, 746
smartphones, 11
storage cards, 140
tablets, 11
storage screw kits, 18
STP (Shielded Twisted-Pair) cabling, 428
straight-blade screwdrivers, 18
streaks (printers), troubleshooting, 645-646
streaming media, home server PC configurations, 313
striped arrays, 781
su command (Linux/OS X), 946
subnetting, IPv4, 439
subsystems, defining, 5
suction cups, 19
sudo command (Linux/OS X), 946
SuperMulti DVD drives, 163
support/help websites, 22
surge suppressors, troubleshooting, 578
surround sound audio, home theater PC, 310
switches, 482
Sync (Google), 1131
synchronization (data), mobile OS, 1010-1012
system boards. See motherboards
system/electrical testing tools, 19
system images, VM, 963
System Information tool
custom PC configurations, 314
Windows upgrades, 697
system lockouts, troubleshooting, 1117-1118
system lockups, troubleshooting, 570-571
system manuals, 39
System properties sheet (Control Panel), 814-817
System Recovery Options (Windows), 1107-1108
System Restore
best practices, 803
enabling/disabling, 803
restore points, 802
system updates, 924
system utilities (Windows)
EXPLORER, 788
displaying drive contents, 794, 797-798
displaying files/folders, 797-798
File Explorer (Windows 8/8.1/10), 796-797
Libraries (Windows 7/8/8.1/10), 798-799
Windows Explorer (Windows Vista/7), 794-795
MSCONFIG, 788
backing up Registry before editing, 790
making changes to Registry by importing text files, 790
System Restore
best practices, 803
enabling/disabling, 803
restore points, 802
Windows Update, 804
T
tablets
Apple iPad mini 2, rear view, 12
cameras, 11
characteristics of, 550
credit card readers, 556
docking stations, 555
microSD card slots, 556
microSD cards, 11
ports, 11
storage, 11
tools/equipment, 19
troubleshooting, 614
tailgating, 1028
TASKLIST command, 736, 743-744
tasks (Windows), creating, 766-767
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) sessions, 451
TCP/IP, 436
advertising, 440
dynamic IP addressing, 444
client-side DHCP settings, 445-446
client-side DNS addresses, 447-450
client-side IP addresses, 447-449
TCP/IP alternate configuration, 446-447
TCP/IP user-configured advanced settings, 450
gateways, 451
IPv4, 436
APIPA IP addresses, 440
CIDR, 439
Class A/B/C IP address ranges, 437-438
multicasting, 442
public/private addresses, 440
subnetting, 439
viewing address information, 443-444
IPv6
addressing, 441
anycast addressing, 442
compatibility addressing, 442
global unicast addressing, 442
link-local addressing, 442
multicasting, 442
site-local addressing, 442
special addressing, 442
viewing address information, 443-444
zero compression, 441
multifunction devices, sharing, 414
printers, sharing, 414
static IP addressing, 444
client-side DHCP settings, 445-446
client-side DNS addresses, 447-450
client-side IP addresses, 447-449
TCP/IP alternate configuration, 446-447
TCP/IP user configured advanced settings, 450
user-configured advanced settings, 450
TechNet website (Microsoft), 22
temperature (environmental controls), 896
Terminal (OS X/Linux), 1134
terrestrial wireless. See line of sight
testing
electrical testing, multimeters, 588-592
tethering/hotspots, mobile devices, 554, 998
text, editing via vi command (Linux/OS X), 946
texting/social media, communication methods/professionalism, 907-908
thermal paste/phase-change material, 18, 232-234
thermal printers
cleaning, 388
maintenance, 388
ribbons, 385
thermal feed assembly, 385
thermal print process, 386
troubleshooting
faded prints, 647
streaks, 646
thin clients
configuring, 312
virtualization, 961
Thin Ethernet, 433
three-way mirror storage spaces, 783
Thunderbolt drives, 600
Thunderbolt interfaces, 271-272
DisplayPort connectors and, 278
DVI connectors and, 282
Time Machine backups (Mac OS), 926, 930-931
TLP (Transport Layer Security), 456
tokens (physical security), 1032
tone generator and probe kits, 20, 489, 627
toner (printers)
changing, 371
cleaning/maintenance, 371
troubleshooting, 647
tools/equipment
Administrative Tools (Windows), 685-686
basic tools, 18
mobile devices, disassembling, 644
networking tools, 19
cable testers, 490
crimpers, 488
cutting tools, 487
loopback plugs, 491
multimeters, 489
punchdown tools, 489
tone generator and probe kits, 489
printer maintenance tools, 20
software/OS, 21
system/electrical testing tools, 19
troubleshooting tools
antimalware, 1125
app scanner, 1125
BIOS/UEFI, 1105
Cell Tower Analyzer, 1129
command prompt (Windows), 1116
DEFRAG, 1110
factory resets/clean installs, 1125-1126
Force Stop, 1128
Google Sync, 1131
logs (Windows), 1105
MSCONFIG, 1110
REGEDIT, 1111
REGSVR32, 1110
repair discs (Windows), 1108
SFC (Windows), 1105
System Recovery Options (Windows), 1107-1108
uninstall/reinstall apps, 1126-1127
uninstall/reinstall/repair tools, 1116
Wi-Fi Analyzer, 1128
Windows PE, 1109
top/front-panel connectors, motherboards, 82-83
Torx drivers, 18
touchpads
custom PC configurations, 339
touchscreens
custom PC configurations, 345
laptops. digitizers, 543
mobile devices, troubleshooting, 639
OS X gestures/touches, 938
toxic waste, handling, 889
batteries, recycling, 890
CRT displays, recycling, 891
LCD-CCFL displays, recycling, 891
toner, recycling, 890
TP (Twisted-Pair) cabling
grades of, 428
STP cabling, 428
T568A (EIA-568A) standard, 429-431
T568B (EIA-568B) standard, 429
UTP cabling, 429
TPM (Trusted Program Modules), BIOS configuration, 51
TRACERT command, network troubleshooting, 627, 631
transfer belts/rollers, laser printers, 370
transfer speeds, troubleshooting, 625
inkjet printers, 381
laser printers, 378
TRIM command, troubleshooting hard drives, 599
triple-channel RAM configurations, 110
Trojan horses, 1024
troubleshooting
APIPA/link-local addresses, 623
antimalware, 1125
app scanner, 1125
cameras, 1124
Cell Tower Analyzer, 1129
configurations/settings, 1119-1121
data transmission overlimit, 1123
factory resets/clean installs, 1125-1126
Force Stop, 1128
Google Sync, 1131
high resource utilization, 1124-1125
leaked personal files/data, 1122
microphones, 1124
power drain, 1121
signal drops/weak signals, 1121
soft resets, 1118
unauthorized account access, 1123
unauthorized location tracking, 1123-1124
unauthorized root access, 1123
uninstall/reinstall apps, 1126-1127
unintended Bluetooth pairings, 1122
unintended Wi-Fi connections, 1122
Wi-Fi Analyzer, 1128
audio, mobile devices, 641
batteries
BIOS time/settings resets, 575-576
mobile devices, 636
BIOS
bootup failures, 600
RAID arrays, 602
BIOS/UEFI, 1105
blink codes, 572
bootups
ard drives, 602
blank screen on bootup, 574-575
booting to incorrect devices, 576
bootup failures, 600
burning smells/smoke, 585
burn-ins (ghost images), 619-620
cabling
blank screen on bootup, 574-575
RAID arrays, 602
read/write failures, 596
capacitors (power supplies), 583, 586-587
chipsets, overheating, 597
clicking noises (loud/soft), 599
CMOS
BIOS time/settings resets, 575-576
bootup failures, 600
color patterns (video), 616
CompTIA Six-Step Troubleshooting Theory, 17
connectivity (networks)
intermittent connectivity, 625
limited/local connectivity, 623-624
Control Panel troubleshooting options, 824
convertible 2-1, no image on screen, 614
CPU
beep codes, 573
dead pixels, 615
desktops, no image on screen, 614
devices with Device Manager, 761-762
dim images, 617
burn-ins (ghost images), 619-620
color patterns, 616
dead pixels, 615
dim display, 634
dim images, 617
distorted geometery, 618
distorted images, 617
flickering images, 617
no display, 634
no image on screen, 614
oversized images/icons, 620-621
distorted geometry (video), 618
distorted images, 617
dust/dirt, 581
installing/replacing fans, 583
spinning fans, no power to other devices, 584
FireWire drives, 600
flash drives, 584
flickering images, 617
ghost cursors (mobile devices), 636
GPS, 641
hard drives
bootup failures, 600
loud clicking noises, 599
OS not found errors, 601
overheating, 597
partitioning, 598
portable hard drives, intermittent failures, 584
read/write failures, 596
Recycle Bin, 606
screwdrivers, 604
soft clicking noises, 599
TRIM command, 599
Windows-based disk tools, 606
images
dim images, 617
distorted geometery, 618
distorted images, 617
flickering images, 617
ghost images (burn-ins), 619-620
oversized images/icons, 620-621
intermittent device failures, 584
keyboards
intermittent failures, 584
mobile devices, 635
laptops, no image on screen, 614
link-local addresses/APIPA, 623
Linux
GRUB/LILO, 1096
missing GUI, 1104
multiple monitor misalignment/orientation, 1102-1103
service startup failures, 1093
uninstall/reinstall/repair tools, 1116
loading GUI, 1104
lockups, mobile devices, 641
loud noises, 583
memory
beep codes, 573
mice, intermittent failures, 584
missing GUI, 1104
missing OS, 1104
mobile devices, 1116
antimalware, 1125
app scanner, 1125
apps not loading, 639
battery not charging, 636
Bluetooth connectivity, 638-639
cameras, 1124
Cell Tower Analyzer, 1129
configurations/settings, 1119-1121
data transmission overlimit, 1123
dim display, 634
displaying to external monitors, 639
email decryption, 640
factory resets/clean installs, 1125-1126
Force Stop, 1128
frozen systems, 641
ghost cursors, 636
Google Sync, 1131
GPS, 641
high resource utilization, 1124-1125
intermittent wireless, 635
leaked personal files/data, 1122
microphones, 1124
no display, 634
no power, 637
num lock indicator lights, 638
overheating, 641
performance, 640
pointer drift, 637
power drain, 1121
power supplies, 637
signal drops/weak signals, 1121
soft resets, 1118
speakers, 641
sticking keys, 635
touchscreens, 639
unauthorized account access, 1123
unauthorized location tracking, 1123-1124
unauthorized root access, 1123
uninstall/reinstall apps, 1126-1127
unintended Bluetooth pairings, 1122
unintended Wi-Fi connections, 1122
Wi-Fi Analyzer, 1128
wireless connectivity, 638
motherboards
beep codes, 573
blank screen on bootup, 574-575
dust/dirt, 581
indicator lights, 585
no power, 577
overclocking, 572
SATA host adapters, 597
networks
cable testers, 627
crimpers, 627
intermittent connectivity, 625
IP conflicts, 625
limited/local connectivity, 623-624
loopback plugs, 627
performance, 625
punch down tools, 627
RF signals, 626
SSID not found errors, 626
tone generator and probe, 627
transfer speeds, 625
wireless locators, 627
wire strippers, 627
num lock indicator lights (mobile devices), 638
OS installation errors, 601-602
OS X
boot failures, 1088
kernel panic, 1090-1091, 1097-1098
multiple monitor misalignment/orientation, 1101-1102
service startup failures, 1093
system performance, 1095
uninstall/reinstall/repair tools, 1116
overheating, 578
chipsets, 597
dust/dirt, 581
hard disks, 597
mobile devices, 641
overloading, 578
power supplies, 570
video/displays, 615
overloading, 578
oversized images/icons, 620-621
PC security
antimalware software, 1134
anti-virus software, 1134
Event Viewer (Windows), 1134
MSCONFIG, 1134
Recovery Console (Windows XP), 1134
refresh/reset, 1134
Terminal (OS X/Linux), 1134
Windows PE, 1134
mobile devices, 640
networks, 625
plasma displays, 620
pointer drift (mobile devices), 637
power supplies
BIOS time/settings resets, 575-576
dust/dirt, 581
failures, 570
loud noises, 583
overloading, 578
step-by-step procedure, 585-586
printers
access denied messages, 653
backed-up print queues, 650-651
color prints in wrong print color, 653
connectivity issues, 649
creased paper, 647
garbled characters on paper, 649
ghost images, 647
no image on printer display, 657
paper not feeding, 647
printer installations, 654
printer will not print, 653
printing blank pages, 657
toner not fusing to paper, 647
vertical lines on page, 649-650
processors, beep codes, 573
projectors
burn-ins (ghost images), 619-620
color patterns, 616
dead pixels, 615
dim images, 617
distorted geometery, 618
distorted images, 617
flickering images, 617
no image on screen, 614
overheating, 615
oversized images/icons, 620-621
proprietary crash screens, 1078
reboots (continuous), 577
RF signals, 626
SATA
cables, 596
screens
blank screen on bootup, 574-575
burn-ins (ghost images), 619-620
color patterns, 616
dead pixels, 615
dim images, 617
distorted geometery, 618
distorted images, 617
flickering images, 617
no image on screen, 614
oversized images/icons, 620-621
shorts (dead), 570
shutdowns (unexpected), 570
smoke/burning smells, 585
speakers, mobile devices, 641
SSID not found errors, 626
sticking keys, 635
surge suppressors, 578
tablets, 614
Thunderbolt drives, 600
tools
antimalware, 1125
app scanner, 1125
BIOS/UEFI, 1105
cable testers, 627
Cell Tower Analyzer, 1129
command prompt (Windows), 1116
crimpers, 627
DEFRAG, 1110
disassembling mobile devices, 644
factory resets/clean installs, 1125-1126
Force Stop, 1128
Google Sync, 1131
logs (Windows), 1105
MSCONFIG, 1110
network command-line tools, 627-633
punch down tools, 627
Recycle Bin, 606
REGEDIT, 1111
REGSVR32, 1110
repair discs (Windows), 1108
screwdrivers, 604
SFC (Windows), 1105
System Recovery Options (Windows), 1107-1108
tone generator and probe, 627
uninstall/reinstall apps, 1126-1127
uninstall/reinstall/repair tools, 1116
Wi-Fi Analyzer, 1128
Windows-based disk tools, 606
Windows PE, 1109
wireless locators, 627
wire strippers, 627
touchscreens (mobile devices), 639
transfer speeds, 625
unrecognized hard drives, 600-601
UPS, 578
USB hard drives
nonbootable disks, 601
unrecognized drives, 600
video
beep codes, 573
burn-ins (ghost images), 619-620
color patterns, 616
dead pixels, 615
dim images, 617
distorted geometery, 618
distorted images, 617
flickering images, 617
no image on screen, 614
overheating, 615
oversized images/icons, 620-621
Windows
boots to safe mode, 1096
command prompt, 1116
compatibility errors, 1093
DEFRAG, 1110
device startup failures, 1091
file associations, 1096
loading GUI, 1104
logs, 1105
missing DLL messages, 1092
missing GUI, 1104
missing OS, 1104
MSCONFIG, 1110
multiple monitor misalignment/orientation, 1098-1100
opening files, 1096
REGEDIT, 1111
REGSVR32, 1110
repair discs, 1108
service startup failures, 1092
SFC, 1105
shutdown, 1089
spontaneous shutdowns/restarts, 1089
system performance, 1094
System Recovery Options, 1107-1108
uninstall/reinstall/repair tools, 1116
Windows PE, 1109
TRS jacks. See audio jacks; audio, audio mini-jacks
trusted/untrusted software sources, 1036
turning on/off, power supplies, 323
TV
over-the-air digital TV, antennas, 435
TV boxes (cable/satellite/fiber). See set-top boxes
tv tuners, home theater PC, 310
two-way mirror storage spaces, 783
U
UDF (Universal Disc Format), CD/DVD burning, 166
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) sessions, 350
UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface). See also BIOS
advantages of, 33
Flash ROM BIOS versus, 33
troubleshooting, 1105
web resources, 34
Ultrabooks, 9
unauthorized account access, troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1123
unauthorized location tracking, troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1123-1124
unauthorized root access, troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1123
UNC (Universal Naming Conventions) folders, 848-849
unexpected shutdowns, troubleshooting, 570
uninstalling/reinstalling apps, 1126-1127
unrecognized hard drives, troubleshooting, 600-601
untrusted/trusted software sources, 1036
updating
antimalware updates, 926
antivirus updates, 926
apps, 1127
drivers, 926
embedded systems, 973
legacy systems, 973
security updates, 1027
system updates, 924
Windows
installing during configuration, 718
workstations, 1049
Windows
upgrade installations, 699
Windows upgrade tools
Windows Upgrade Advisor, 785
UPnP (Universal Plug and Play), SOHO wired/wireless routers, 468
U.S. Department of Defense, wiping hard drives, 1058
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
add-on cards, 257
audio devices, 128
boot method, Windows bootup, 698
cabling
header cable connectors, 256
drives
flash drives, troubleshooting, 584
hard drives, troubleshooting, 600-601
safely ejecting from, 188
flash memory devices and FORMAT command, 579
generic hubs, 257
bus-powered hubs, 257
self-powered hubs, 257
host adapters, BIOS configuration, 35-36, 43
network adapters, 135
SATA to USB converters, 18
tethering, mobile devices, 998
USB 3.0 function, BIOS configuration, 36
USB Legacy, BIOS configuration, 35
user accounts, switching between, 946
user authentication, 1034, 1042
user education (security), 1037-1038
user state
defining, 785
user/power-on passwords, BIOS configuration, 36
usernames, changing (SOHO network security), 1063
USMT (User State Migration Tool), 785-788
utility programs, defining, 16
UTM (Unified Threat Management), 971
UTP (Unshielded Twisted-Pair) cabling, 429
V
vacuum systems (environmental controls), 896
VDSL (Very High Bit-Rate DSL), 470-472
VDSL2 (Very High Bit-Rate DSL version 2), 470-472
vehicle mounts, 547
ventilation (environmental controls), 896
VGA cards, troubleshooting, 613-614
DVI-I to VGA adapters, 283-284
HDMI to VGA adapter cables, 282
vi command (Linux/OS X), 946
video
audio/video editing workstations, configuring, 304-306
BNC axial connectors, 274, 281
camcorders, custom PC configurations, 343
component connectors, 274
composite connectors, 274, 280
DisplayPort connectors, 274, 277-278
antiglare filters, 358
brightness/lumens, 358
frame rates, 357
privacy filters, 358
copy protection, 276
DVI to HDMI adapter cables, 283
Thunderbolt interfaces and, 282
gaming PC, 308
graphic/CAD/CAM design workstations, 303
HDMI connectors, 273, 276-279, 282-283
KVM switches, 346
Mini-DIN-6 connectors, 280
RCA connectors, 279
S-video (Mini-DIN-4) connectors, 274, 279
set-top boxes, custom PC configurations, 347-348
smart TV, custom PC configurations, 346
troubleshooting
beep codes, 573
burn-ins (ghost images), 619-620
color patterns, 616
dead pixels, 615
dim images, 617
distorted geometery, 618
distorted images, 617
flickering images, 617
no image on screen, 614
overheating, 615
oversized images/icons, 620-621
DVI-I to VGA adapters, 283-284
HDMI to VGA adapter cables, 282
VGA mode, troubleshooting, 613-614
video cards, 129
AMD CrossFire multi-GPU configuration, 133
audio/video editing workstations, 305
BIOS configuration, 130
NVIDIA SLI multi-GPU configuration, 133
video capture cards, 146
webcams
custom PC configurations, 342-343
installing, 343
laptops, 542
Windows, 674
virtual assistants (smartphones), 995-996
virtual printers
print to XPS via Windows, 393
Virtual XP mode (Windows 7), 685
virtualization
CPU, 210
host/guest virtualization, 959-960
processors, 963
AMD processors, 49
custom PC configurations, 316-317
Intel processors, 49
resource requirements, 963
thin-client virtualization, 961
virtualization software, 21
virtualization workstations, configuring, 306-307
emulator requirements, 963
exam preparation, 962
network requirements, 965
purpose of, 961
resource requirements, 963
security requirements, 965
servers, 962
system images, 963
emulator requirements, 963
network requirements, 965
processors, 963
security requirements, 965
Windows, 49
viruses, 1024
antivirus software, 21, 1032-1033, 1134
mobile devices, 1053
updates, 926
Boot Virus Detection (Antivirus Boot Sector), BIOS configuration, 37
troubleshooting, 1134
VM (Virtual Machines), 958-960
emulator requirements, 963
exam preparation, 962
network requirements, 965
purpose of, 961
resource requirements, 963
security requirements, 965
servers, 962
system images, 963
VMM (Virtual Machine Manager), 958-960
emulator requirements, 963
network requirements, 965
processors, 963
security requirements, 965
volumes, Disk Management, 778-779
VPN (Virtual Private Networks), 1035
mobile OS, 1010
Windows network connections, 851
W
WAN (Wide Area Networks), 481
WAP (Wireless Access Points), 483
waterproofing/protective covers, mobile devices, 555
wattage versus amperage, 320
weak signals/signal drops, troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1121
wearable technology devices, 551
WEA (Wireless Emergency Alerts), 997
web resources
help/support websites, 22
UEFI, 34
virtualization, Windows, 49
web servers, 969
webcams
custom PC configurations, 342-343
installing, 343
laptops, 542
weight limitations (personal safety), 892
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), 461-462
WET (Windows Easy Transfer), 785-787
Wi-Fi
analyzers, 20
mobile devices, 1128
antenna connectors, laptops, 541
calling, 993
device sharing, 410
unintended connections, troubleshooting (mobile devices), 1122
WPS, wireless network security, 1063
wildcards, Windows command line, 739
Ad-Hoc wireless networks and device sharing, 411
Add Printer option, 395
Component Services, 769
Computer Management, 756
Data Sources (ODBC), 769
Local Security Policy, 769
Performance Monitor, 763
Print Management, 768
Services (Servies.msc), 764-765, 788
starting, 756
Windows Memory Diagnostics, 769
administrator accounts, 1039
Belarc Advisor, 697
boot drives, 725
boot methods, 698
command-line tools
administrative privileges, 737
CD (CHDIR) command, 736, 744-745
CHKDSK command, 753
CHKDSK** command, 736
DISKPART command, 751
DISKPART** command, 736
ROBOCOPY command, 736, 749-750
SFC command, 752
SFC** command, 736
SHUTDOWN command, 736, 741-743
standard privileges, 737
starting command prompt sessions with CMD.EXE, 737-739
TASKLIST command, 736, 743-744
wildcards, 739
command prompt, 1116
comparing
desktops between versions, 677-679
features between versions, 675-676
configuring
domain setups, 717
driver installations, 718
loading alternative drivers, 717
manual service pack installations, 720-722
software installations, 718
time/date/language/region settings, 718
update installations, 718
workgroup setups, 717
Control Panel, 804
configuring display settings, 810-812
Devices and Printers folder, 822
finding applets, 807
HomeGroup (Windows 7/8/8.1/10) feature, 822
Icon views, 807
Internet Options icon, 824-825
Programs and Features, 821-822
properties sheets, 809
shortcuts to Control Panel functions, 809
Sound icon, 823
starting, 805
switching views, 807
System properties sheet, 814-817
troubleshooting options, 824
views, 679
CPU, 674
DEFRAG, 1110
differences between versions, 674
Disk Management
adding arrays, 781
Change Drive Letters and Paths, 780-781
Drive Status, 775
Extend Volume, 778
Initialize Disk, 777
New Simple Volume, 777
Shrink Volume, 778
splitting partitions, 779
DLL messages, troubleshooting, 1092
Event Viewer, 1134
File Explorer (Windows 8/8.1/10) and EXPLORER, 796-797
file systems, 712
3TB hard drives and, 715
converting via CONVERT.EXT, 716
FAT32, 713
full formatting, 717
quick formatting, 717
guest accounts, 1039
hot-swappable drives, safely ejecting, 187
installing
creating partitions during installation, 710-711
multiboot installations, 701-702
OS on OS X, 940
remote network installations, 705
unattended installations, 704-705
upgrade installations, 699
Libraries (Windows 7/8/8.1/10) and EXPLORER, 798-799
logs, 1105
microUSB connectors, mobile devices, 553
multifunction devices
sharing, 414
networks
administrative shares, 849
alternative IP addresses, 866-868
domain networking, 844
drive mapping, 847
file sharing, 846
HomeGroup networks, 842-846, 850
printer mapping, 850
printer sharing, 849
proxy servers, 855
Remote Assistance, 857
Remote Desktop, 857
VPN connections, 851
Windows 7 network locations, 859-860
Windows 8/8.1 network locations, 860
wired connections, 854
wireless connections, 854
workgroup networks, 840-841, 845
WWAN (cellular) connections, 855
optical discs, burning, 165-168
partitioning, 707
basic disks, 710
creating partitions during installations, 710-711
dynamic disks, 710
extended partitions, 708
factory recovery partitions, 723
overview of, 708
primary partitions, 708
power options
Balanced power plan, 819
changing power plans, 820
Hibernate option, 818
High Performance power plan, 819
Power Saver power plan, 819
Sleep/Suspend/Standby option, 818
power user accounts, 1040
printers
sharing, 414
RAM, 674
refresh/reset, 1134
REGSVR32, 1110
Remote Desktop, MSTSC, 791-793
repair discs, 1108
scripting, 751
security, 1038
administrator accounts, 1039
BitLocker, 1043
BitLocker To Go, 1043
copying files/folders, 1040
file attributes, 1040
guest accounts, 1039
moving files/folders, 1040
NTFS versus share permissions, 1040
power user accounts, 1040
sharing files/folders, 1041-1042
standard user accounts, 1039
system files/folders, 1042
user authentication, 1042
SFC, 1105
SiSoftware Sandra, 697
sound cards, 128
standard user accounts, 1039
System Information tool, 697
System Recovery Options, 1107-1108
system utilities
MSCONFIG, 788
Windows Update, 804
troubleshooting
boots to safe mode, 1096
command prompt, 1116
compatibility errors, 1093
DEFRAG, 1110
device startup failures, 1091
file associations, 1096
loading GUI, 1104
logs, 1105
missing DLL messages, 1092
missing GUI, 1104
missing OS, 1104
MSCONFIG, 1110
multiple monitor misalignment/orientation, 1098-1100
opening files, 1096
REGEDIT, 1111
REGSVR32, 1110
repair discs, 1108
service startup failures, 1092
SFC, 1105
shutdown, 1089
spontaneous shutdowns/restarts, 1089
system performance, 1094
System Recovery Options, 1107-1108
tools, 606
uninstall/reinstall/repair tools, 1116
Windows PE, 1109
upgrade tools, 785
upgrade installations, 699
Windows Upgrade Advisor, 785
video, 674
virtualization, 49
Windows 7
Action Center, 692
file structures/paths, 693-694
hardware requirements, 674
libraries, 694
OneDrive cloud storage, 688-689
pinning programs to Taskbar, 688
Shadow Copy feature, 680
Virtual XP mode, 685
Windows 8/8.1
Action Center, 692
file structures/paths, 693-694
hardware requirements, 674
Live Sign In, 692
Modern UI, 686
multi-monitor taskbars, 690
network locations, 860
OneDrive cloud storage, 688-689
pinning programs to Taskbar, 688
Refresh and Reset options, 723-724
running apps in full-screen, 686
side-by-side apps, 687
Windows Store, 690
Windows 10
Action Center, 692
file structures/paths, 693-694
hardware requirements, 674
Live Sign In, 692
multi-monitor taskbars, 690
pinning programs to Taskbar, 688
Refresh and Reset options, 723-724
baseband updates, 1008
Bluetooth connectivity, 998, 1002
commercial email provider configuration, 1008
corporate/ISP email configuration, 1006-1008
data synchronization, 1010-1012
IMEI, 1009
IMSI, 1009
mobile payment services, 997
PRI updates, 1008
PRL updates, 1008
radio firmware, 1009
SDK, 996
SSO authentication, 1012
VPN, 1010
WEA, 997
Windows Store, 987
wireless/cellular connectivity, 997-1001
Windows Device Manager, tethering mobile devices, 999
Windows Explorer
formatting hard drives, 746
Windows Hello feature, 1030
Windows Update, 804
Windows Vista
file structures/paths, 693-694
gadgets, 678
hardware requirements, 674
OneDrive cloud storage, 688-689
pinning programs to Taskbar, 688
Shadow Copy feature, 680
Sidebar, 678
WinRE (Windows Recovery Environment), 1108
wiping hard drives, 1058
wire/cable strippers, 20, 488, 627
wired Internet connections, Window networks, 854
wired networks, displaying connections via ifconfig command (Linux/OS X), 945
wireless Internet connections, Window networks, 854
wireless locators, 627
wireless networks
Ad-Hoc networks, device sharing, 411-412
displaying connections, 945
security
antenna placement, 1062
AP placement, 1062
changing default SSID, 1059
disabling SSID broadcasts, 1061-1062
radio power levels, 1062
WPS, 1063
wireless-hosted networks, device sharing, 412
Wireless-AC routers, MU-MIMO, 626
wireless/cellular cards
laptops, replacing in, 527
wireless/cellular connectivity (mobile OS), 997
Airplane Mode, 1001
tethering, 998
troubleshooting, 638
WoL (Wake-on-LAN)
BIOS configuration, 36
workgroup networks (Windows)
shares, 845
workstations
security, 1044
data encryption, 1049
patches, 1049
updates, 1049
updates, 1049
worms, 1024
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access), 461-462, 1060-1061
WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2), 462-463
WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup), 462, 1063
Write-Protect Boot Sector, BIOS configuration, 37
WWAN (cellular) connections, Window networks, 855
X
XPS (XML Paper Specification) and virtual printers, 393
Y
YouTube, mobile device disassembly videos, 643
Z
zero compression, IPv6 addressing, 441
zero-day attacks, 1026
ZIF sockets, AMD processors, 240
zombie/botnet attacks, 1026