Achaemenid Empire, 21
Afghanistan, postrevolutionary Iran, 91–92
Africa, postrevolutionary Iran, 101
Age structures, 8
Agriculture sector, 117, 140–141
Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud, 29, 53, 78, 160
Ale-Ahmad, Jalal, 39
Ali, Imam, 65–66
Anglo-Russian Agreement, 24
Arab-Islamic conquest, 14, 22
Assembly of Experts, 79–80
Automotive industry, 136–137
Bani-Sadr, Abolhassan, 28
Bazaaris, 122–123
Bazargan, Mehdi, 28, 39, 51
Bonyads, 121
Carpet industry, 138–139
Carter, Jimmy, 49, 60
Cement and construction materials, 137
China, postrevolutionary Iran, 100
Colossal energy producer, 125–126
Communication
cultural collectivism, 200–202
haggling, 199–200
hierarchical distance, 200–202
high-context, 195–197
linguistic protocols, 199–200
low-context, 195–196
promotion and, 169–171
proxemics, 198–199
temporal orientation, 197–198
Conspiracy theories, 189
Consumer behavior, 166
Consumption, 167–168
Corrupt business behavior, 159–160
Corruption Perception Index (CPI), 159
Council of Guardians, 78–79
CPI. See Corruption Perception Index
Dasht-e Kavir desert, 3
Dasht-e Lut desert, 3
Demographic trends, 7–9
Dress code, 43–44
Ease of Doing Business approach, 148–151
E-commerce, 177–179
Economic diversification, 135–136
Education system, 44–46, 175
Enabling Trade Index (ETI), 150–151
Energy market
colossal energy producer, 125–126
consumption, 126–127
natural gas, 130–133
oil sector, 127–129
potential for, 133–134
Ethnic groups, 12–16
Ethnic minorities, 16–17
ETI. See Enabling Trade Index
EU. See European Union
European Union (EU), 99
Expediency Council, 80
Fallaci, Oriana, 188
Family system, 40–41
FAO. See World Food and Agriculture Organization
FDI. See Foreign direct investment
Foreign direct investment (FDI), 147
Foucault, Michel, 60
French Civil Code, 25
Gas sector, 114–115
Global Enabling Trade Report, 151
Global Hunger Index, 33
GNI. See Gross National Income
Good vs. evil dichotomy, 189–190
Great Civilization, 186
Gross National Income (GNI), 33
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) States, 89–90
Haggling, 199–200
Hall, Edward T., 195
HDI. See Human Development Index
Hedonic shopping, 166
High-context communication, 195–197
Hizbollah, 89
Hossein, Imam, 69, 190, 192
Housing industry, 172
Human Development Index (HDI), 33, 188
Human resources management
compensation, 163–164
leadership, 164
performance appraisal, 163
selection and staffing, 162–163
training and development, 163
Humor, 200
Hussein, Saddam, 51–52, 190
Imam, Ali, 192
IMF. See International Monetary Fund
India, postrevolutionary Iran, 100–101
Inflation, 111–114
Information technology, 139–140
Inglehart’s theory, 34
International Monetary Fund (IMF), 46, 148
International trade, 118–119
Iran
age structures, 8
demographic trends, 7–9
ethnic groups, 12–16
ethnic minorities, 16–17
linguistic groups, 12–16
linguistic minorities, 16–17
natural environment, 5–7
physical geography, 3–4
physical map, 4
religious minority groups, 17–19
settlement, 9–12
steady socioeconomic development, 33–34
urban geography, 9–12
Iran history
ancient times, 21–22
Arab-Islamic conquest, 22
constitutional revolution, 23–24
humiliation by West, 23–24
Islamic Republic, 28–29
Islamic Revolution, 27–28
Mongol invasion, 22–23
Pahlavi Dynasty, 24–25
pre-Islamic era, 21–22
Safavid Dynasty, 23
themes and trends, 29–32
Iranian banking system, 154–157
Iranian chivalry, 192–193
Iranian Communist Party, 39
Iranian Constitutionalist movement, 24
Iranian Constitutional Revolution, 15
Iranian culture, 181–182
harmony, 191
hierarchical distance, 184–186
pick-axe society, 186–187
short-term orientation, 186–187
traditional and collectivist culture, 183–184
Iranian intellectuals, 38–40
Iranian market
clothing and footwear, 175
E-commerce, 177–179
education, 175
food and, 172–173
gold and jewelry, 176
health care and pharmaceutical, 176–177
housing industry, 172
leisure and recreation, 177
market potential and consumption, 167–169
online shopping, 177–179
retail and distribution, 168–169
telecommunication, 174
transport, 174
Iranian nationalism, 182–183
Iranian Plateau, 3
Iranians
dress code, 43–44
education system, 44–46
family, 40–41
identity, 83–84
intellectuals, 38–40
role of youth, 46–47
sexual conduct, 41–43
Iranian zeal, 192–193
Iran-Iraq War, 9, 15, 17, 28
Iran’s economy
agriculture sector, 117
bazaaris, 122–123
bonyads, 121
future prospects, 123–124
historical view, 107–108
industrialists, 123
inflation, 111–114
international trade, 118–119
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, 121–122
labor market, 111–114
manufacturing sector, 115–116
oil and gas sectors, 114–115
overview of, 108–111
service sector, 116–117
small business, 123
state-owned companies, 120–121
Iran’s National Organization for Civil Registration, 8
Iraq, postrevolutionary Iran, 90–91
IRGC. See Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
ISIS. See Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
Islamic Republic
construction, reform, and counter reform, 28–29
opposition, resilience, and survival, 84–86
political system, 75
structure, power relations, and decision making, 81–83
war and domestic violence, 28–29
Islamic Republic components
Assembly of Experts, 79–80
Council of Guardians, 78–79
Expediency Council, 80
Judiciary, 80–81
Parliament, 79
President, 77–78
Supreme Leader, 76–77
Islamic Revolution, 7, 15, 27–28, 44
accelerated modernization, 55–57
aftermath of, 50–53
charismatic leader, 49–50
complex nature, 54–55
conspiracy theories, 60–61
economic causes, 58–59
nationalism, 59
rebellion against dictatorship, 57–58
spirituality needs, 59–60
third-worldist perspective, 59
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), 121–122
Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps’, 76
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), 66
Islamist-Marxist terrorist group, 28
Islamization, undesired effects, 38
Israel, postrevolutionary Iran, 88–89
Jihad, 69
judiciary, 80–81
Jurist Guardianship, 71
Khamenei, Ali, 29, 53, 77
Khatami, Mohammad, 29, 39, 53, 77
Khomeini, Ayatollah, 15, 26–27, 49–51, 53, 55–56, 59–60, 71, 75–76, 83
Labor market, 111–114, 160–161
Lake Orumiyeh, 3, 5
Latin America, postrevolutionary Iran, 101–102
Lebanon, postrevolutionary Iran, 94
Linguistic groups, 12–16
Linguistic minorities, 16–17
Linguistic protocols, 199–200
Low-context communication, 195–196
Machinery and equipment industry, 137
Mahdi, Imam, 27
Manufacturing sector, 115–116
Market potential, 167–168
Masoomeh, Hazrat, 73
Medium-sized businesses, 152–154
Mining industry, 141–142
Ministries of Health and Medical Education, 8
Mistrust, 189
Modernization process, 37–38
Modernizing society, 34–36
Moscovici, Pierre, 148
Motahhari, Morteza, 39
Moussavi, Mir Hossein, 29, 53
Nasreddin, Mullah, 200
Natural gas
imports and exports, 131–133
production, 131
reserves, development, and production, 130
Negotiation
cultural collectivism, 200–202
haggling, 199–200
hierarchical distance, 200–202
linguistic protocols, 199–200
proxemics, 198–199
temporal orientation, 197–198
Nonoil sectors, economic diversification
agriculture sector, 140–141
automotive industry, 136–137
carpets, 138–139
cement and construction materials, 137
machinery and equipment, 137
mining industry, 141–142
petrochemical industry, 145
pharmaceutical industry, 138
prospects, 145–146
residential construction, 144
retail sector, 144–145
steel industry, 137–138
telecom and information technology, 139–140
tourism industry, 143
transportation industry, 142–143
urban infrastructure, 144
Oil sector
Iran’s economy, 114–115
reserves and production, 127–129
Online shopping, 177–179
OPEC. See Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 125, 127, 129
Pahlavi, Ashraf, 60
Pahlavi Dynasty, 24–25
Pahlavi, Reza Shah, 25, 36, 56, 76
Pahlavi rule, 44–45, 54
Pakistan, postrevolutionary Iran, 92–93
Palestinian militant groups, 94
Paradox of women’s conditions
Islamic Revolution, 36–37
Islamization, undesired effects, 38
modernization process, 37–38
Parliament, 79
Petrochemical industry, 145
Pharmaceutical industry, 138, 166–167
Physical geography, 3–4
Pick-axe society, 186–187
Postrevolutionary Iran
Afghanistan, 91–92
Africa, 101
Caspian Region, 93–94
Central Asia, 93–94
China, 100
European Union, 99
Gulf Cooperation Council States, 89–90
India, 100–101
Iraq, 90–91
Israel, 88–89
Latin America, 101–102
Pakistan, 92–93
Russia, 102–103
Syria, Lebanon, and Palestinian Militant Groups, 94
Turkey, 94
United States, 95–98
President, The, 77–78
Privatization, 151–152
Promotion, 169–171
Prophet Mohammad, 64–65, 67, 70
Proxemics, 198–199
Rafsanjani, Ali Akbar Hashemi, 29, 53
Rebellion orientation, 191–192
Religious minority groups, 17–19
Residential construction, 144
Retail sector, 144–145, 168–169
Reza Shah, Mohammad, 26–27, 55
Rouhani, Hassan, 147
Russia, postrevolutionary Iran, 102–103
Safavid Dynasty, 23
Safavi, Shah Ismail, 23, 31
Service sector, 116–117
Settlement, 9–12
Shahnameh (Book of Kings) (Ferdowsi), 32
Shariati, Ali, 39, 64
Shariatmadari, Ayatollah, 71
Shia Muslims, 11, 15, 17, 63–65
Apocalyptic wiew, 70–71
clerical organization, 68
commemoration and mourning rituals, 69–70
emulation, 68
guidance, 68
Jihad, 69
Jurist Guardianship, 71
martyrdom, 69
practical and ceremonial differences, 70
religious organization, 71–73
religious teachings, 68
Small-sized businesses, 152–154
State-owned companies, 120–121
Statistical Yearbook of Iran, 152
Steady socioeconomic development, 33–34
Steel industry, 137–138
Stevens, Rick, 188
Strait of Hormuz, 125
Subjugation, 191
Sunni-Shia relations, 63–67
Supreme Leader, 76–77
Syria, postrevolutionary Iran, 94
Taleghani, Mahmud, 39
Tehran, 10–11
Tehran Stock Exchange, 157–159
Telecommunication industry, 139–140, 174
Temporal orientation, 197–198
Tourism industry, 143
Transportation industry, 142–143, 174
Turkey, postrevolutionary Iran, 94
United States, postrevolutionary Iran, 95–98
Urban geography, 9–12
Urban infrastructure, 144
Velayat Faghih, 71
Wall Street Journal, 148
WEF. See World Economic Forum
White Revolution, 26, 56
Workplace, women in, 161–162
World Economic Forum (WEF), 147
World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 140–141
World Health Organization, 5
World Value Survey, 182–183
World War I, 25
World War II, 25
Youth, role of, 46–47
Zoroastrianism, 19