One of the long-term impacts of the cloud permeating enterprises is that there are multiple new roles which have evolved. Some of these are already mainstream, whereas with evolving technology trends, some of them are starting to become more popular:

• Chief Technology & Innovation Officer (CTIO): Earlier, organizations had either a CTO or a CIO, but nowadays due to increased focus on innovation, mainly powered by the cloud, a new role of CTIO has started to appear.
• Cloud Solutions Architect: Earlier, we used to have Application Architects, System Architects, Integration Architects, and so on, however with the possibilities that have opened up with cloud native architectures, a new role of Cloud Solutions architect has become very popular.
• Cloud Migration Architect: As many of enterprises have a huge amount of technical debt which they have to remove to effectively leverage the cloud, a new migration focused on the Cloud Migrations Architect role has started to appear off late.
• DevOps Professional/Cloud Automation Engineer: In order to fully leverage the power of the cloud, it is important to focus on automation and orchestration functionalities, which oftentimes requires coding, scripting, and ensuring that the proper operational procedures are in place, for which DevOps Professional/Cloud Automation Engineer roles have become pivotal.
• Cloud Security Architect: Security controls and procedures in the cloud are very different compared to an on-premises setup. Therefore, to leverage the cloud's security controls in a proper fashion, ensuring that proper compliance and governance models are being adhered to, the Cloud Security Architect role is being adopted in many organizations.

• Cloud Economics Professional: This is a very unique role and still not mainstream, however some organizations have started to hire professionals who focus on cloud usage optimization more from a cost management perspective. They focus more on looking at better financial constructs (like Reserved Instances) or even help with cost segregation within the internal organization by leveraging techniques like tagging.

Along with the preceding roles, there are multiple other roles which have become mainstream because of the growth of big data, analytics, and Machine Learning powered by the cloud. In fact, as AI and ML grow in the years to come, there's already increased discussion on the possible roles which may become important in that area. One such role is a Chief AI Officer, who will focus on not just technology aspects of harnessing the power of AI/ML, but also look at its social implications. As an example, when AI/ML becomes smarter and is able to make decisions on its own, like driving a car, then who's responsible when that self-driving car hits a pedestrian? Is it the AI or the developer who built that AI system? It's not an easy problem to solve and that's why new roles like Chief AI Officer will actually focus on these types of new society-impacting situations and even work with governments and various regulatory bodies to create proper rules and frameworks to maintain the balance of the society.

So, net-net, along with the aforementioned changes, the enterprises will have to evolve and adapt to stay successful and competitive in this new innovation-led era!