¹ Hall, Cheryl. “Fogo de Chão founder finds success as Texas transplant,” Dallas Morning News , July 23, 2011, at https://www.dallasnews.com/business/business/2011/07/23/fogo-de-chao-founder-finds-success-as-texas-transplant, accessed June 28, 2015; Linnane, Ciara. “6 things to know about Fogo de Chao ahead of its IPO.” MarketWatch, June 18, 2015. Accessed June 28, 2015. http://www.marketwatch.com/story/6-things-to-know-about-fogo-de-chao-ahead-of-its-ipo-2015-06-16

² Whitfield, Craig. “What Returns Should We Expect from the Stock Market?” Whitfield & Company, May 15, 2017, at http://www.whitfieldco.com/blog/?p=39

³ “Advantages and Disadvantages of Mutual Funds,” The Motley Fool, at http://www.fool.com, accessed on May 15, 2017; “Who Pays for Cap and Trade?” Wall Street Journal, March 9, 2009, at http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123655590609066021.html

⁴ “Why Exchange-Traded Funds?” Yahoo! Finance Exchange-Traded Funds Center, at http://finance.yahoo.com/etf/education/02, accessed on May 23, 2015; Coombes, Andrea. “Calculating the Costs of an ETF,” Wall Street Journal, October 23, 2012, at http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444024204578044293008576204.html

⁵ Bary, Andrew. “Embracing ETFs,” Barron’s, November 15, 2010, pp. 29–34.

⁶ Ibid.

⁷ Crook, Jordan. “Brooklinen tucks in $10M in Series A from FirstMark,” Techcrunch.com, March 16, 2017, https://techcrunch.com/2017/03/16/brooklinen-tucks-in-10m-in-series-a-from-firstmark/. Accessed May 31, 2017.

⁸ “U.S. Investment Banking Era Ends,” UPI.com, September 22, 2008, at http://www.upi.com/Business_News/2008/09/22/US-Investment-banking-era-ends/UPI-96221222086983/

⁹ New York Stock Exchange, at http://www.nyse.com, accessed on May 15, 2017.

¹⁰ “The State of Qatar Launches ‘Qatar Exchange’ as it Signs Today Formal Terms of Strategic Partnership with NYSE Euronext,” NYSE News Release, June 19, 2009, at http://www.nyse.com/press/1245406656784.html

¹¹ “Electronic Communication Network (ECN),” Investing Answers, at http://www.investinganswers.com/financial-dictionary/stock-market/electronic-communication-network-ecn-757, accessed on June 4, 2013.

¹² “Just 25% Recognize That Most Americans Are Investors,” Rasmussen Reports, February 11, 2011, at http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/business/general_business/february_2011/just_25_recognize_that_most_americans_are_investors

¹³ Norwitz, Steven E., ed.. “A Bear Market of Historic Proportions,” T. Rowe Price Report, Spring 2009, p. 1.

¹⁴ Beidelman, Carl. The Handbook of International Investing (Chicago, 1987), p. 133.

¹⁵ Welch, David. “Old GM Bondholders Getting Shares in New General Motors May Depress Price,” Bloomberg.com, April 6, 2011, at http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-04-06/old-gm-bondholders-getting-shares-in-new-general-motors-may-depress-price.html

¹⁶ Kumar, Ajay. “Can We Trust Moody’s, Fitch, Standard & Poor?” CommodityOnline, at http://www.commodityonline.com/printnews.php?news_id=15888, accessed on July 22, 2009; Evans, David, and Salas, Caroline. “Flawed Credit Ratings Reap Profits as Regulators Fail (Update 1),” Bloomberg.com, April 29, 2009, at http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20670001&sid=au4oIx.judz4; Wayne, Leslie. “Calpers Sues over Ratings of Securities,” New York Times, July 15, 2009, at http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/15/business/15calpers.html; Segal, David. “Ohio Sues Rating Firms for Losses in Funds,” New York Times, November 20, 2009, at http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/21/business/21ratings.html; Hume, Lynn. “Connecticut AG Sues All Three Rating Agencies, The Bond Buyer, July 31, 2008, at http://www.bondbuyer.com/issues/117_145/-292250-1.html

¹⁷ “Mortgage-Backed Securities,” U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, June 25, 2007, at http://www.sec.gov/answers/mortgagesecurities.htm; “Mortgage-Backed Security,” riskglossary.com, at http://www.riskglossary.com/link/mortgage_backed_security.htm, accessed on July 24, 2009.

¹⁸ Reuters. “Rajaratnam Insider Trading Trial Begins,” March 9, 2011, Huffington Post, at http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/09/rajaratnam-trial_n_833326.html; U.S. Department of Justice. “Joseph P. Nacchio Indicted by Federal Grand Jury: Former Chief Executive Officer of Qwest Communications Charged with Insider Trading, Selling Over $100 Million Stock,” December 20, 2005, at http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/whitecollarcrime_blog/files/nacchio_indictment.pdf

¹⁹ Koenig, David. “IPO Shares of Flight Web Service Gogo Fall.” USA Today. June 22, 2013, http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2013/06/22/gogo-nasdaq-airlines-wifi/2448083/, accessed on July 16, 2013.

²⁰ “Gogo—This Recent Public Offering Is Not Going Yet.” Seeking Alpha. June 28, 2013, http://seekingalpha.com/article/1526942-gogo-this-recent-public-offering-is-not-going-yet, accessed on July 16, 2013.

²¹ “GOGO: Summary for Gogo Inc.—Yahoo! Finance.” Yahoo! Finance July 16, 2013.

²² Martin, Grant. “Delta Doubles Down on Gogo Inflight Internet With Faster and Broader Service.” Forbes. February 25, 2015, http://www.forbes.com/sites/grantmartin/2015/02/25/delta-doubles-down-on-gogo-inflight-internet-with-faster-and-broader-service/, accessed on June 24, 2015.