The solution options are stated as follows:

• The architecture is designed to support both vertical as well as horizontal scalability.
• To handle more client requests, the application is scaled by deploying additional web containers on multiple machines.
• The application server will be clustered, which provides the ability to add processing capability by simply adding instances to the cluster.
• Using connection pooling for database and resource pooling improves the scalability of applications.
• Architect applications using stateless session beans to improve the scalability of the application.
• Additional application or database servers can be added (horizontal scaling) to improve the scalability of the application.
• The business logic should be loosely coupled with a web tier, so deploying the components on separate nodes is simplified.
• We can distribute the business components by deploying on multiple machines, and they can be accessed by the web tier components remotely. This will increase the application's scalability as well.