The Elements of Art
BEGINNING WITH THE BASICS
To understand the significance of these elements, think of them as the building blocks of art. If this metaphor is too broad, you might choose to imagine them as components of a visual language; when skillfully arranged, they come together to create a cohesive message.
Although not every piece of art incorporates each element, we rely heavily on this collection of terms when describing and dissecting art. Knowing the elements will help you understand why an artist has made certain decisions, as well as how you can build your own art from the ground up. Below you’ll find each element listed and briefly described, but note that we will address all of the elements in greater depth throughout the year.
• Line: A line is a pathway, either visible or implied, that moves the eye through a piece of work.
• Shape: Shape is the two-dimensional area taken up by an object.
• Form: This element refers to the illusion of a three-dimensional object on a two-dimensional surface.
• Value: Value is the lightness or darkness of a color or of black.
• Texture: Texture in drawing or painting refers to the way we discern the qualities of an object’s surface.
• Color: We all know what a “color” is, but not everyone realizes how an artist’s choice of color impacts the viewer. A complex element, color will receive plenty of attention as we move forward in Art 101.
• Space: Space is the area within the borders of your work; it is what fills the length, width, and perceived depth of a work of art. —ETG